Training Methods Final

microblog

A _____refers to software tools that enable communication in short bursts of text, links, and multimedia through stand-alone applications or through online communities blog wiki microblog shared media

false

Direct training expenditures, as a percentage of payroll and learning hours, have declined over the last several years.

true

In self-directed learning, trainers do not control or disseminate instruction.

false

Tacit knowledge tends to be the primary focus of formal training and employee development

false

Teleconferencing refers to asynchronous exchange of audio and video between two or more individuals.

false

The dimensions of Myers-Briggs Type Indicator combine to form eighteen personality types.

false

The smaller the room, the more a trainer's gestures and movements must be exaggerated to get the audience's attention.

self-regulation

_____ refers to the learner's involvement with the training material and assessing their progress toward learning. Repurposing Rapid prototyping Metacognition Self-regulation

true

A comparison group refers to a group of employees who participate in the evaluation study but do not attend the training program.

TQM

A core value of _____ is the prevention of the occurrence of errors in a product or service, rather than detection and correction of errors. ISD ADDIE HRM TQM

true

A potential disadvantage of a panel is that trainees who are relatively naive about a topic may have difficulty understanding important points.

false

A protean career is defined by a series of upward career transitions.

false

According to the 70-20-10 model, approximately 20 percent of learning occurs through formal classroom experiences

finding them experiences that will continue to facilitate creativity and innovation

According to the nine-box grid, the development plan for employees with outstanding performance but low potential typically emphasizes _____. finding them experiences that will continue to facilitate creativity and innovation moving them to a position that best matches their skill set performance improvement in their current position developing them for leadership positions in the company

false

Adult learning theory assumes that adults enter a learning experience with a subject-centered approach to learning.

true

Assessments can be used to identify communication styles that inhibit a team's productivity.

Motivation to deliver high-quality products and services is a part of human capital

Which of the following statements is true of human capital? Human capital is an organization's tangible asset. Motivation to deliver high-quality products and services is a part of human capital. It is easy to imitate or purchase an organization's human capital. Human capital is standardized in companies.

false

Uniqueness refers to employee potential to improve company effectiveness and efficiency.

false

When a series of steps must be followed in a specific way to complete a task successfully, then training should be designed with an emphasis on far transfer.

true

When training is provided by consulting firms and government organizations, it is said to be outsourced.

intellectual skills

Which learning outcomes relate to the ability to design and code a computer program that meets customer requirements? Cognitive strategies Attitudes Intellectual skills Motor skills

Job hopping makes it difficult to sustain continuity in employee-customer relationships

Which of the following is a disadvantage of job hopping? Job hopping makes it difficult for a company to downsize if necessary. Job hopping makes it difficult to sustain continuity in employee-customer relationships. Job hopping reduces a company's opportunity to hire employees with a variety of experiences. Hiring employees who job hop decreases the company's flexibility and adaptability.

some trainees may not be motivated to learn through technology

Which of the following is a disadvantage of online learning? Some trainees may not be motivated to learn through technology. Online learning is ineffective for training that emphasizes cognitive outcomes. Online learning fails to link learners to other content, experts, and peers. Updating online learning is extremely difficult.

It is inappropriate for learners totally new to the work world, as it may confuse and overwhelm them.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of training through virtual worlds? It is ineffective for employees who are not in the same location or country to have access to training. It has no scope for teamwork exercises and group problem solving. It is inappropriate for learners totally new to the work world, as it may confuse and overwhelm them. It fails to provide a place to meet with trainers, managers, or other employees who can serve as teachers.

lecture

Which of the following is a presentation method of training? On-the-job training Lecture Simulation Case study

Simulations can safely put employees in situations that would be dangerous in the real world

Which of the following is an advantage of simulations? Simulations provide learning situations with a high degree of human contact. Trainees do not have to acquire any prior knowledge while playing a game. Simulations can safely put employees in situations that would be dangerous in the real world. Compared to most other training methods, development costs are lower.

They allow trainees to act out skills.

Which of the following is not characteristic of case studies? They often depict realistic situations. They allow trainees to analyze situations and make recommendations. They allow trainees to act out skills. Trainees' recommendations are hypothetical.

Employees may leave the company if their assignments upon returning home have less responsibility.

Which of the following is true of repatriation? Employees are guaranteed a higher standard of living. Employees may leave the company if their assignments upon returning home have less responsibility. Expatriates tend to experience little or no stress. Employees should not be asked to self-manage the repatriation process.

Restricting interactions between new hires and current employees

Which of the following makes a socialization program ineffective? Including information on technical aspects of the job Introducing the employee to company-related rules and regulations Restricting interactions between new hires and current employees Tracking employee progress at different points up to one year

self-directed learning

Which of the following methods allows employees to take responsibility for all aspects of learning, including when it is conducted and who will be involved in it? Self-directed learning Adult learning Apprenticeship Informal learning

find right answer

Which of the following statements best differentiates formative evaluation from summative evaluation? Formative evaluation mainly involves collecting quantitative data, whereas summative evaluation involves collecting qualitative data. Formative evaluation takes place on the completion of training, whereas summative evaluation takes place during program design and development. Formative evaluation focuses on how to make a training program better, whereas summative evaluation helps to determine the extent to which trainees have changed after training. Formative evaluation includes measuring the monetary benefits that a company receives from a training program, whereas summative evaluation measures beliefs and opinions of the trainees.

They refer to skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on the job

Which of the following statements is true of closed skills? They require the trainee to adapt the general principles to fit a wide range of circumstances. They refer to training objectives that are linked to general learning principles. They refer to skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on the job. They are more difficult to train than open skills.

Traditionally, needs assessment failed to focus on competencies.

Which of the following statements is true of competency models? They are not useful for recruitment and selection. They fail to identify the best employees to fill open positions. They cannot be used for performance management. Traditionally, needs assessment failed to focus on competencies.

observations

Behavior and skill-based outcomes are best measured by _____. surveys interviews focus groups observations

false

Both the NEO Personality Inventory and the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI) measure openness to experience.

metrics

Business-level outcomes chosen to measure the overall value of training or learning initiatives are referred to as _____. values goals business strategies metrics

false

Career patterns involving movement across specializations and disciplines are becoming less prevalent.

true

Cognitive outcomes generally do not help determine how much trainees use training content on the job.

false

Compared to ten years ago, organizations are less focused now on creating a learning and training brand.

participate in training as an instructor

In training, the greatest level of support that a manager can provide is to _____. participate in training as an instructor allow trainees to attend training provide trainees opportunity to practice what they have learned discuss progress of the training sessions with trainees

include broader learning objectives

Curricula differ from courses in that curricula _____. consist of narrower learning objectives include broader learning objectives address a more limited number of competencies take less time to complete

false

Development plans for employees who have low potential and low performance development focus on finding the employees challenging new job experiences

true

For more complex tasks, relatively long rest periods appear to be beneficial for learning

false

Formative evaluation usually involves collecting quantitative data through tests or objective measures of performance.

true

Improved self-efficacy beliefs relate to an affective learning outcome.

fortresses

In _____ financial and other resources are not available for development, so companies tend to rely on hiring talent from the external labor market. clubs fortresses baseball teams academies

performance appraisal

In a _____ review meeting, a manager and employee discuss strengths and weaknesses of the employee's performance and agree on improvement goals. performance testing performance appraisal performance engineering performance budget

true

In behavior modeling, key behaviors are typically performed in a specific order for a task to be completed

self-directedness among employees

In comparison to classroom delivery, blended learning has increased _____. involvement of the instructors face-to-face interactions self-directedness among employees learner's dependency on the instructor

instrumentality

In expectancy theory, the belief that performing a given behavior is associated with a particular outcome is called _____. valence instrumentality maintenance generalizing

true

In learning organizations, there is an understanding that failure provides important information.

false

In most circumstances, organizations are not required to pay employees for attending training.

inputs

In person analysis, _____ relate(s) to resources employees need to help them learn. outputs inputs consequences feedback

false

In small companies, training is typically outsourced to outside vendors.

project manager

In the ATD competency model, a _____ plans, obtains, and monitors the effective delivery of learning and performance solutions to support the business. project manager learning strategist business partner knowledge worker

find right answer

In the context of big data, _____ refers to the large number of sources and types of data

providing learning guidance to individuals

In the learning processes, semantic encoding typically involves _____. informing learners of the lesson objective providing learning guidance to individuals providing learners cues that are used in recall providing feedback about performance correctness

false

Injuries incurred by employees during training cannot result in legal action

apply generalized concepts and rules to solve complex problems

Intellectual skill as a learning outcome primarily includes the capability to _____. state or describe previously stored information apply generalized concepts and rules to solve complex problems execute a physical action with precision and timing choose a personal course of action

false

Interactive video is ineffective for trainees to learn technical and interpersonal skills.

high value and low uniqueness

Job-based employees are characterized by _____. high value and high uniqueness high value and low uniqueness low value and low uniqueness low value and high uniqueness

true

Job-based employees are likely to receive less training than knowledge-based employees.

increase the employee's self-efficacy

Juan, an operations manager, has been assigned to train a group of older employees in the logistics department. He has to train them to use new computer software. He begins by reminding them that they were quick in learning the old software. Juan is trying to _____. increase the employees' self-efficacy deter expectancy of the employees create motor reproduction raise the valence of the behavior

true

Learning organizations emphasize that learning occurs not only at the individual employee level but also at the group and organizational levels.

concrete experience

The learning cycle for a trainee begins with a(n) _____. reflective observation concrete experience abstract conceptualization active experimentation

true

Managing diversity may require changing company culture

true

Negative transfer is evident when learning occurs, but on-the-job behavior is lower than pre-training levels.

true

Opportunity to perform is influenced by both the work environment and trainee motivation.

false

Presentation methods are generally more effective than hands-on methods.

job experience

Sending employees on international assignments is an example of the _____ approach to employee development. formal education assessment mentoring job experience

School-to-Work Opportunities

The _____ Act is designed to assist states in building school-to-work systems that prepare students for high-skill, high-wage jobs or for future education. School-to-Work Opportunities Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Workforce Investment Sector Partnership

type of learning outcome

The first and the most important step in choosing a training method is to identify the _____. cost type of learning outcome effectiveness time required to complete training

select the job or jobs to be analyzed

The first step in task analysis is to _____. develop a preliminary list of tasks performed on the job select the job or jobs to be analyzed identify the KSAOs important for successful task performance identify important and frequently performed tasks for which training is required

true

The importance of cognitive ability for job success increases with job complexity

identifying the positions included in the succession plan

The process of developing a succession plan typically begins with _____. identifying the employees included in the succession plan identifying the positions included in the succession plan developing standards to evaluate positions determining ways to measure employee potential

false

The traditional classroom-type arrangement is good for role-play exercises that involve trainees working in groups of two or three

high development cost

The use of simulations has been limited by their _____. inability to incorporate situations that a trainee might encounter inability to be used on a desktop computer need for employees to travel to a central training location high development costs

false

There are no generational differences in preferences for using and realizing the potential benefits of social media tools

false

Traditionalists prefer active learning environments and innovative training techniques.

false

Training for contract employees would focus on sharing expertise and team training.

true

Treating employees differently based on their age, such as only inviting younger employees to attend training, can result in adverse legal consequences.

The role of the needs assessment is to determine if training is the appropriate solution.

Which of the following statements is true of needs assessment? The needs assessment process fails to provide information regarding the outcomes that should be collected to evaluate training effectiveness. Upper- and mid-level managers are excluded from getting involved in the needs assessment process. The role of the needs assessment is to determine if training is the appropriate solution. A company's decision regarding outsourcing its training is independent of needs assessment.

It opts for methods that provide results in which trainers have the greatest confidence.

Which of the following statements is true of rapid needs assessment? It involves using a large amount of resources such as money and SMEs. It ultimately results in the sacrifice of the quality of the process. Its scope is independent of the size of the potential pressure point. It opts for methods that provide results in which trainers have the greatest confidence.

Return on expectations (ROE)

__ demonstrates to key business stakeholders, such as top-level managers, that their assumptions about training have been satisfied. Reactions Return on expectations (ROE) Results Return on investment (ROI)

Total quality management

___ is a companywide effort to continuously improve the ways people, machines, and systems accomplish work. Stakeholder management Diversity management Total quality management Talent management

guided competency

___ learning focuses on well-defined competencies typically trained via lecture and online methods. Guided competency Social competency learning Guided contextual learning Social contextual learning

focus groups

____ are useful with complex or controversial issues. Surveys Observations Focus groups Historical data reviews

crowd sourcing

____ refers to asking a large group of employees to help provide information for needs assessment. Crowd sourcing Historical data review Focus group Benchmarking

benchmarking

____ refers to the process of a company using information about other companies' training practices. Brainstorming Crowd sourcing Outsourcing Benchmarking

affective outcomes

____ relate to trainees' attitudes toward training content and motivation to transfer. Reactions Affective outcomes Cognitive outcomes Behavior and skill-based outcomes

organizational

_____ analysis involves determining the appropriateness of training, given the company's business strategy, its resources available for training, and support by managers and peers. Organizational Task Gap Value-chain

Sabbaticals

_____ grant(s) a temporary leave of absence from the company. Job enlargement Apprenticeships Sabbaticals Job rotation

career recycling

_____ involves changing one's major work activity after having been established in a specific field. Job repositioning Job novelty Career recycling Telecommuting

phased retirement

_____ involves employees transitioning from full-time employment to full-time retirement by working part-time. Compressed retirement Early retirement Phased retirement Golden parachute retirement

millenials

_____ prefer blended learning. Traditionalists Baby Boomers Millennials Gen Xers

repatriation

_____ prepares expatriates for their return to the parent company and home country. Repatriation Immigration Emigration Inpatriation

virtual expatriates

_____ refer to employees who have an assignment to manage an operation abroad without being located in that country. Virtual expatriates Market mavens Offshore employees Intrapreneurial employees

virtual teams

_____ refer to teams that are separated by time, geographic distance, culture, or organizational boundaries and that rely almost exclusively on technology to interact and complete their projects. Quality circles Virtual teams Six Sigma teams Ad hoc teams

control

_____ relates to managers' and employees' ability to obtain and distribute valuable resources such as data, information, or money. Power Control Vision Outsourcing

cognitive strategy

_____ relates to the learner's decision regarding what information to attend to, how to remember, and how to solve problems. Cognitive strategy Motor skill Attitude Verbal information