Trauma imaging Lower extremity
what is the mech of injury of the foo in a TRImalleolar fx?
external rotation of foot
is a Femorotibial dislocation severe? what are complications? ( ligaments? Neurovasc?) mech of injury?
yes! - All intra/extra capsular ligmamentous structures usually ruptured. ***AND popliteal a. / peroneal n. =common) MVA or fall from high height
how do you determine whether a malleolar fx is stable or unstable?
- One fx= stable 2 or more = unstable
name 5 types of phalangeal fxs of foot
-crush 2.bedroom 3.chip 4. 1st toe fx- hallux rigidus Sesamoid fx
name 5 types of malleolar fxs
1. Medial 2.Lateral 3. Biamalleolar 4. Trimalleolar 5. Avulsion fxs
Name 4 types of ankle dislocations.
1.Anterior 2.posterior (more common thn anterior) 3. Subtalar 4.Tibiotalar
Name 4 other injuries associated with prox fibular fxs
1.Knee lig. injury 2.Lateral tibial plateau fx 3.Ankle injury 4. Common peroneal n. injury
give 3 characteristics of what can happen in AVN.
1.scleroisis 2.flattening 3. fragmentation
why might SONK happen in the knee?
Articular collapse > related to decrease bllod flow
A beak fx is associated wih what kind of calcaneal fx? (theres 2 types of calc fxs)
Avulsive type! - fx of superior portion of tuberosity (compressive type- Don Juan fx) (Avulsive type - Beak fx)
What is the adult form of a Toddlers fx? what bone/bones are fx?
BOOT top fx BOTH tib and fib fx
a 50 year olds image showsa Depressed tibial plateau fx on the lateral side (80%) WITH a FBI sign. mech of injury?
Bumper/fender fracture Valgus
What is the MC fx of the talus? what angle is abnormal? another name for this type of fx?
Calcaneus fx!! -Boehlers angle (26-40=normal) Don Juan Fx
what is the MC mech of patellar fxs? mc orientation?
DIRECT trauma TV (60%) stellate (25) vertical (15)
What is a complication of a 1st MT fx?
Hallux Rigidis
OCD of the talor dome is usually due to what mech of injury? therefore... what ligament injurys are assoc?
Inversion injury (plantar/Dorsi flexed) >>corner of talar dome hits the fibula Lateral ligamentous injury (inversion ankle sprains)
fX of the 5th MT is called.. mech of injury? (2 ways)
Jones/dancers fx foot is forcefully INVERTED and plantar flexed (peroneus brevis tendon tractions an pulls i off) OR direct trauma
Tarsometatarso dislocation is aka (seperation of 1st and 2nd mt bases
Lisfranc injury/ dislocation
An ankle injury WITH a prox fibula fx is called
Maisonneuve fx
you see "joint mice in the knee" ( loose body) what kind of injury do you suspect?
OCD
differ Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee vs Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the Knee (SONK)
OCD - Younger, non-weightbearing side,(lat. aspect of medial femoral condyle) SONK- older, weightbearing surface ( MEDIAL aspect of medial femoral condyle) -6 oclock
What is a "triad" that is associated with an injury like femoral tibial dislocation?
ODonoghues UNHAPPY triad -ACL tear -Posterior horn- medial meniscus tear -Medial Collateral ligament tear
A direct blow to the tibia would probably tear... and show a positve ____ ortho test
PCL (not common) Posterior drawer sign
Avulsion of IT band insertion is what kind fx? what ligaments also usually affected? 90%- 70%-
Segond Fx 90%- ACL tear 70%- meniscal tear
What is Puttis triad associated with?
The hip! DDH?
undisplaced spiral fx of tibia in children 9 months o 3 years old
Toddlers fx (usually ue o fall or bhild geting foot caught in crib>rolling over.)
Fx of Talar neck is aka what major complication is often seen wih this??
aviators fx Osteonecrosis (avn)
what is a osteochondral fx of the knee usually secondary to? .... what congenital anomaly of the knee also look likes this?
dislocation! ( ice cream scoop style injury) ddx- Bipartite patella
what do lisfrank injuries have a high association with?
neuropathic arthropathy (diabetics!)
A medial malleolus fx WITH diastasis of tib/fib synesmosis
tILLAUX