UNCC Project Management Final Exam Review Guide 2

A team has 10 communication channels between its various members. Using the formula for calculating the number of communication channels, it can be deduced that the team has _____ members. : 3 : 10 : 5 : 2

5

An IT company revises its process parameters in response to complaints from vendors that products were not ready on time. Which is this an example of? : defect repairs : cost forecasting : a corrective action : a preventive action Question

A Corrective Action

An important tool for project scope management is _____. : a kickoff meeting : a Gantt chart : fast tracking : a work breakdown structure

A Work Breakdown Structure

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders? : expertise : achievement : authority : self-actualization

Authority

What process is used to generate ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization? : prototyping : mind mapping : benchmarking : systems thinking

Benchmarking

An example of pull communication is _____. : voice mails : meetings : blogs : video conferencing

Blogs

Which is a similarity between scope control and schedule control? : Both of these processes should occur before estimating activity durations. : Both of their primary goals is to define project goals and milestones. : Both are initial processes of project time management. : Both are portions of the integrated change control process under project integration management.

Both are portions of the integrated change control process under project integration management

During which approach do team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible and then aggregate the specific tasks and organize them into summary activities, or higher levels in the WBS? : mind mapping : bottom-up : analogy : top-down

Bottom-Up

What type of estimate is a cost estimation tool used to allocate money into an organization's budget? : ballpark : definitive : budgetary : rough order of magnitude

Budgetary

From the buyer's perspective, the _____ is the least desirable among all contracts because the supplier has no incentive to decrease costs. : CPAF : CPPC : CPIF : CPFF

CPPC

Which method is used for determining the estimated annual costs and benefits for a project? : Cash flow analysis : Requirements analysis : Present value analysis : Critical path analysis

Cash Flow Analysis

Which process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end? : planning : monitoring : executing : closing

Closing

Which type of power involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do? : referent : reward : coercive : legitimate

Coercive

Select an example of external stakeholders for an organization : Top managers : Employees : Competitors : Functional managers

Competitors

In project procurement management, obtaining seller responses, selecting sellers, and awarding contracts is part of the _____ process. : controlling : closing : conducting procurements : planning

Conducting Procurements

_____ are predefined actions that the project team will take if an identified risk event occurs. : Workarounds : Contingency plans : Secondary risks : Management reserves

Contingency Plans

In project schedule management, which process primarily involves checking and managing changes to the project schedule? : estimating activity resources : controlling the schedule : estimating activity durations : developing the schedule

Controlling the Schedule

Which is an output of the process of controlling costs? : basis of estimates : scope baselines : project funding requirements : cost forecasts

Cost Forecasts

Which activity is a part of the Scrum planning process? : Demonstrating the product during a sprint review meeting : Determining how many sprints will compose each release : Completing tasks each day during sprints : Creating sprint backlog

Creating sprint backlog

What is the main technique used in creating a WBS, which involves subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces? : conglomeration : accumulation : decomposition : catalyzation

Decomposition

What are the bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as? : safety : growth : deficiency : self-actualization Question

Deficiency

What type of estimate is used for making many purchasing decisions for which accurate estimates are required and for estimating final project costs? : definitive : budgetary : rough order of magnitude : final

Definitive

In project schedule management, the ultimate goal of which process is to provide a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project? : estimating activity resources : defining activities : developing a schedule : sequencing activities

Developing a Schedule

Which is an example of a pre-initiation task? : Identifying stakeholders : Drafting the project charter : Drawing up a work breakdown structure : Developing a business case for a project

Developing a business case for a project

Which statement best defines schedule variance? : planned value plus the rate of performance : planned value plus the earned value : earned value minus the planned value : earned value minus the actual cost

Earned Value minus the Planned Value

Which process involves developing an approximation of the costs of resources needed to complete a project? : finalising the cost baseline : determining the budget : estimating costs : controlling costs

Estimating Costs

If the cost performance index (CPI) is less than 100 percent, the project is under budget.

False

T/F: A drawback of the precedence diagramming method is that it cannot be used unless dummy activities are employed.

False

T/F: A drawback of the project management software is that it does not have the capacity to calculate the critical path(s) for a project.

False

T/F: A work package must always represent less than 80 hours of work.

False

T/F: According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present.

False

T/F: An FP-EPA contract carries the least risk for a supplier.

False

T/F: An organization should consider only projects with a negative NPV if financial value is a key criterion for project selection.

False

T/F: Communication becomes simpler when you increase the number of team members.

False

T/F: Contingency reserves are also known as unknown unknowns.

False

T/F: Corrective actions reduce the probability of negative consequences associated with project risks, while preventive actions should result in improvements in project performance.

False

T/F: Decisions and actions taken in one knowledge area at a certain time rarely affect other knowledge areas

False

T/F: Effective program managers recognize that managing a project is much more complex than managing a program.

False

T/F: In an FPI contract, all of the risk is borne by the buyer

False

T/F: Key outcomes of the executing process group are formal acceptance of the work and creation of closing documents.

False

T/F: Many projects fail because of unclear requirements and expectations, so starting with a payback analysis makes a lot of sense.

False

T/F: Most people believe that the underlying causes of many companies' problems can be traced to its organizational structure

False

T/F: Project managers should always reward people who work overtime

False

T/F: Projects that address broad organizational needs are likely to fail.

False

T/F: Questions about how a team will track schedule performance is related to a project's scope.

False

T/F: Reliability is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under unusual conditions

False

T/F: Risk events refer to specific, certain events that may occur to the detriment or enhancement of the project.

False

T/F: Start-to-finish relationships are the most frequently used dependencies between activities.

False

T/F: The burndown chart is a Scrum created artifact that provides a list of features prioritized by business value.

False

T/F: The last phase of the traditional project life cycle is the implementation phase

False

T/F: The project's size, complexity, importance, and other factors do not affect how much effort is spent on collecting requirements for scope planning.

False

T/F: The scope baseline in a WBS consists of the requirements documentation and enterprise environmental factors.

False

T/F: The scope of a project is clear and specific from the start.

False

T/F: When deciding what projects to invest in or continue, one should include sunk costs.

False

What is the first step in the framework for defining and assigning work? : finalizing the project requirements : breaking down the work into manageable elements : assigning work responsibilities : defining how the work will be accomplished

Finalizing the project requirements

Which document predicts future project status and progress based on past information and trends? : forecasts : status reports : project updates : progress reports

Forecasts

What is the main purpose of project plans? : schedule management plans : guide project execution : estimate activity resources : define project scope

Guide Project Execution

Which process involves determining what risks are likely to affect a project and documenting the characteristics of each? : performing quantitative risk analysis : identifying risks : planning risk management : performing qualitative risk analysis

Identifying Risks

Which is a guideline that project managers should follow when communicating with teams through e-mail? 1. Minimize the total number of e-mails by including as many subjects as possible in a single e-mail. 2. Continue replying to e-mail messages without changing the subject line to maintain continuity 3. If the entire message can fit in the subject line, put it there. Always reply to all the people to whom the initial message was sent.

If the entire message can fit in the subject line, put it there

Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure? - A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO. - Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects. - In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments. - In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

Which of the following is true of the project life cycle? - In the later phases of the project life cycle, the level of uncertainty is usually the highest. - More resources are usually needed during the initial phases of a project than during the middle or final phases. - It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during the earlier phases than the latter phases. - In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

The items discussed in a(n) _____ include reflections on whether project goals were met, whether the project was successful or not, causes of variances on the project, reasoning behind corrective actions chosen, use of different project management tools and techniques, and personal words of wisdom based on team members' experiences. : audit report : design document : final project report : lessons-learned report

Lessons-Learned Report

What does the process of controlling costs primarily involve? : determining the policies for project costs : determining a basis for estimates : managing changes to the project budget : finalising the procedures for project costs

Managing Changes to the Project Budget

The main outputs of which process are team performance assessments, change requests, and updates to several documents? : acquiring the project team : developing the project team : human resource planning : managing the project team

Managing the Project Team

What is another term used for budget? : planned value : actual cost : indirect cost : earned value

Planned Value

Martha works as a project manager at a bank. Due to certain changes in external factors, Martha needs to make a few alterations in the tactical goals of her project. In such a scenario, which of the following will best help Martha cope with the change? : Project environment knowledge : Motivation : Soft skills : Negotiation

Project Environment Knowledge

What process provides enterprise environmental factors as an output? : project quality management : project integration management : project human resource management : project procurement management

Project Human Resource Management

A _____ is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization. : Project Management Office : Project Management Center : PorMColio Group : Project Management Professional

Project Management Office

What is a table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed referred to as? : Gantt chart : requirements traceability matrix : entity-attribute-value model : state transition table

Requirements Traceability Matrix

How are profits best defined? : costs plus revenues : expenses plus net income : revenues plus expenses : revenues minus expenditures

Revenues Minus Expenditures

Which type of power involves using incentives to induce people to do things? : coercive : reward : legitimate : referent

Reward

Which section of the project plan lists the planned dates for completing key deliverables? : objectives : budget : closing : schedule

Schedule

Which method of communication is likely to be most effective for conveying sensitive or important information? : e-mails : reading reports from other team members : short face-to-face meetings : telephone conversations

Short face-to-face meetings

A difference between strategic and tactical goals is: : strategic goals are more specific than tactical goals. : tactical goals are more important for a project than strategic goals. : tactical goals encompass broader dimensions than strategic goals. : strategic goals are long-term in nature whereas tactical goals are short-term.

Strategic goals are long-term in nature whereas tactical goals are short-term

The _____ line for any e-mail messages you write should clearly state the intention of the e-mail. : cc : from : to : subject

Subject

Which problem-solving approach requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs? : Systems analysis : Independent component analysis : Principal component analysis : Linear programming

Systems Analysis

In organizational culture, what does people focus refer to? : The degree to which management's decisions take into account the ef fect of outcomes on employees within the organization : The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking : The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior : The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment

The degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization

Which attribute is true of low-end tools of project management software? : They provide basic project management features. : They are referred to as enterprise project management software. : Their main advantage is that they have unlimited functionality. : They are designed for especially large projects with multiple users.

They provide basic project management features

Which of the following is true of program managers? : They are responsible solely for the delivery of project results. : They recognize that managing a program is simpler than managing a project. : They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program. : They report to project managers who represent the next level in the hierarchy

They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program.

T/F: A probability/impact matrix or chart lists the relative probability of a risk occurring on one side of a matrix or axis on a chart and the relative impact of the risk occurring on the other

True

T/F: All contracts should include specific clauses that take into account issues unique to the project

True

T/F: An organization that uses a project organizational structure earns their revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract.

True

T/F: Definitive estimates are made one year or less prior to project completion.

True

T/F: In the Scrum method, team members work as a self-directed group coached by the ScrumMaster

True

T/F: It is important for the activity list and activity attributes to be in agreement with the work breakdown structure.

True

T/F: Large, complex projects involving leading-edge technologies often require extensive quantitative risk analysis

True

T/F: Mind mapping allows people to write and even draw pictures of ideas in a nonlinear format.

True

T/F: One possible response to managing negative risk it to accept the potential effects from the risk.

True

T/F: Products that are accepted by project stakeholders are considered to be validated deliverables

True

T/F: Project managers and their teams must recognize the effects of any project on the interests and needs of the entire system or organization instead of focusing on the immediate concerns of the project.

True

T/F: Project managers work with the project sponsors to define success for particular projects

True

T/F: Scope creep if not managed well can lead to the failure of information technology projects

True

T/F: Scope refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them.

True

T/F: The Monte Carlo analysis can predict the probability of finishing by a certain date or the probability that the cost will be equal to or less than a certain value

True

T/F: The two main items for monitoring and controlling in the Scrum framework are the daily Scrum and the sprint retrospectives.

True

Which process involves identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them? : Use case modeling : Prototyping : JAD : RAD

Use Case Modeling

An example of push communication is _____. : meetings : blogs : video conferencing : voice mails

Voice Mails

A(n) _____ is a website that enables anyone who accesses it to contribute or modify its content. : forum : wiki : intranet : blog

Wiki

What tool provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance? : cost management plan : work breakdown structure : scope statement : project charter

Work Breakdown Structure

According to research by Albert Mehrabian, which is NOT a way that information is communicated through face-to-face interaction? : written content : body language : spoken content : tone of voice

Written Content