Unit 2: Grammar- reflexive verbs
Ex: Andrew washes the car. (non-reflexive)
Andrew "lava" el coche.
Ex: Andrew washes himself. (reflexive)
Andrew "se lava".
Body Parts: Daniel washes his hands.
Daniel "se lava" las menos. (Note: Even though the Spanish sentence literally means "Daniel washes himself his hands," it is correct. It is understood in Spanish that "the hands" are his, since the verb is reflexive. This is NOT the case when talking about an object that belongs to the subject, such as a car.)
Ex: Daniel is washing his hands.
Daniel está lavándo"se" las manos.
Ex: Daniel needs to wash his hands.
Daniel necesita lavar"se" las manos.
EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
Word Order: Though they generally come __________ the verb, like object pronouns, reflexive pronouns can be directly attached to the ______ of an infinitive verb and a gerund.
before; end
To form a reflexive infinitive verb, place the reflexive pronoun at the _____ of the infinitive.
end
Ex: llamarse- we call ourselves
nos llamamos
Conjugation: yourselves (informal); each other
os
Ex: llamarse- you all (informal) call yourselves/ you all (informal) call each other
os llamáis
Reflexive verbs are always accompanied by a __________ __________.
reflexive pronoun
Conjugation: himself/herself/yourself (formal)
se
Conjugation: themselves; each other; yourselves (formal)
se
Ex: llamarse- he calls himself/ she calls herself/ you (formal) call yourself
se llama
Ex: llamarse- they call themselves/ they call each other/ you all (formal) call yourselves/ you all (formal) call each other
se llaman
When the verb is conjugated, the pronoun will change to match the _________ of the sentence.
subject
A verb is reflexive if the _________ and __________ of the sentence are the same.
subject; object
Conjugation: yourself
te
Ex: llamarse- you call yourself
te llamas
llamarse
to call oneself
peinarse
to comb one's hair
quejarse (always reflexive)
to complain about
cortarse
to cut oneself, to get cut (hair)
secarse
to dry
senitrse (e-ie)
to feel
ponerse
to get dressed
casarse (con)
to get married (to)
arreglarse
to get ready
enfermarse
to get sick
cansarse (de)
to get tired (of)
levantarse
to get up
acostarse (o-ue)
to go to bed
divertirse (e-ie) (always reflexive)
to have fun, to enjoy oneself
lastimarse
to hurt oneself
despedirse (e-i)
to say goodbye to
afeitarse
to shave
sentarse (e-ie)
to sit down
quiedarse
to stay
bañarse
to take a bath, to bathe
ducharse
to take a shower
quitarse
to take off (clothes)
despertarse (e-ie)
to wake up
lavarse
to wash
Ex: volver- to return
volverse- to become (literally, to [re]turn oneself
Ex: You can eat the ice cream.- Puedes comer el helado.
¡Cóme"te"lo!- Eat it (up)!
Note: The majority of these examples are NOT always reflexive. It depends on who is performing the action, who is receiving the action, as well as the actual meaning of the verb.
Note: The majority of these examples are NOT always reflexive. It depends on who is performing the action, who is receiving the action, as well as the actual meaning of the verb.
Conjugation: ourselves; each other
nos
If the subject of a sentence also receives the ________ of the verb, it is reflexive.
action
Emphasis: Sometimes verbs can be reflexive just to emphasize the _______ or the ________ performing it.
action; person
Ex: hacer- to do, to make
hacerse- to become (literally, to make oneself)
When a reflexive verb is conjugated, the matching reflexive pronoun goes ___ _______ of the conjugated verb.
in front
Ex: ir- to go
irse- to go away (literally, to go oneself)
Conjugation: myself
me
Ex: llamarse- I call myself
me llamo
Some verbs change slightly in _____________ in their reflexive forms.
meaning