Unit 2 - What is Health and Wellness? (Definitions and Components of Health and Wellness Readings)

Who pioneered the contemporary wellness movement in the mid 1970s

Dr. John Travis

Wellness is NOT

- the same as physical fitness -is what you are, not what you do - wellness if not a form of alternative medicine

Important characteristics of our proposed uniform definition of wellness

- wellness is multidimensional - wellness is a state of being described as positive health - wellness is a part of health - wellness is possessed by the individual - quality of life and well-being are the descriptors of wellness health and its positive component (wellness) are integrated

There is a complex relationship between

-physical activity -physical fitness -health and wellness -heredity -other lifestyles -environment -personal attributes

The Healthy People Report in 1979 showed that life expectancy and health are significantly related to ten distinctive health habits, which are:

1. eating three meals a day at regular intervals 2. eating breakfast every day 3. engaging in moderate exercise 2-3/week 4. getting adequate sleep (7-8 hours) every night 5. not smoking 6. maintaining moderate weight 7. consuming little or no alcohol 8. reducing intake of excess calories, fat, salt, and sugar 9. undergoing periodic screenings for major disorders 10. adhering to speed laws and using seat belts

three classification areas related to wellness

1. functional ability (physical, mental and functional activities) 2. well-being (including bdily well-being, emotional well-being, self concept and global perceptions of well being 3. health life years

three broad goals are identified in Healthy people 2000

1. increase the span of healthy life for americans 2. reduce health disparities among americans 3/ achieve access to preventative services for all americans

five areas for the assessment of health and wellbeing

1. mortality measures 2. morbidity measures 3. prevalence of risk factors 4. use of medical care 5. disability measures

why is it important to develop of a commonly acceptable definition of wellness?

1. wellness is a widely used term by both professionals and the public 2. wellness is defined in many different ways by many different people 3. lack of common definition causes confusion among consumers and professionals 4. lack of clear definition makes it all but impossible to develop a sound body of scientific knowledge related to wellness 5. the lack of a sound body of knowledge can result in quackery and misinformation

medical self care accounts for how much of all medical care

85-95%

flexibility defined

relates to the range of motion available at a joint

there are many different type of speed

running speed, swimming speed, speed of hand or foot movements

measures of health and wellness

self-rated health, a healthy days index and an activity days indicators of health and wellness

field tests for flexibility

sit and reach, the zipper

some consider power to be a combination of

skill and health related physical fitness

power is considered to be a combination of

speed and strength

products

states of being such as physical fitness, health and wellness

examples of motor skills

tennis serve, shooting a basketball killing a football

Though there are many, highly specific tests for measuring speed.... in athletes what is commonly used?

the 40 yard dash

emotional management means

the ability to control or cope with personal feelings and knowing how to seek interpersonal support

social dimension

the ability to get along with others, as well as appreciating the differences in people concern for the environment and for mankind as a whole

traditionally health has been viewed as

the lack of disease

What measures are used for morphological fitness?

the same as body composition (using such measures as - underwater weighing - skinfold calipers)

health promotion is

the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health

health promotion involves

the systematic efforts by an organization to create healthy policies and supportive environments, as well as reorienting health services beyond clinical and curative care

what is currently used as a field measure for bone integrity

there are currently no field measures

Health related quality of life

those aspects that can clearly be shown to affect mental or physical health.

Skill-related physical fitness

those components of fitness that have a relationship with enhanced performance in sports and moto skills

emotional dimension of wellness - three areas

three areas: awareness, acceptance and management

emotional acceptance means

understanding the normality of human emotion, and realistically assessing your own personal abilities and limitiations

how is agility typically measured?

using a shuffle or zig zag run

how is body composition measured

using such measures as - underwater weighing - skinfold calipes

Some experts feel that other abilities such as ___ should be included in skill related physical fitness

visual tracking

Definition of wellness presented by the writing

wellness is a multidimensional state of being describing the existence of positive health in an individual as exemplified by quality of life and a sense of well-being.

Balance is generally considered to be two types

Static or dynamic

what is the best measure of cardiovascular fitness

a Ma V-O2 test in the laboratory setting

Balance is typically measured using

a balance beam or tests that require holding a stationary posture after changing body positions

Body composition

a health related component of physical fitness that elated to the relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone and other vital parts of the body

motor skills

a non fitness abilities that improve with practice (learning) and relate to ones ability to perform specific sports and other motor tasks

Morphological fitness

a nonperformance component of fitness related to body composition factors such as body circumferences, body fat content and regional body fat distribution

Bone integrity (bone strength)

a nonperformance component of fitness related to bone mineral density

Physical fitness defintion

a set of attributes that people have or achieve relating to their ability to perform physical activity

Agility

a skill related component of fitness relates to the ability to rapidly change the position of the entire body in space with speed and accuracy

speed

a skill related component of physical fitness that relates to the ability to perform a movement within a short period of type

power

a skill related component of physical fitness that relates to the ability to the rate at which one can perform work

Coordination is

a skill related component of physical fitness that relates to the ability to use the senses, such as sight and hearing, together with your body parts in performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately

Balance

a skill related component of physical fitness that relates to the maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving

reaction time

a skill related component of physical fitness that relates to the time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to it

exercise is

a specific form of physical activity dedicated to improving physical fitness

Health

a state of being associated with freedom from disease and illness that also includes a positive component (wellness) that is associated with a quality of life and positive well being

physical fitness is (alternative definition)

a state of well being with low risk of premature health problems and energy to participate in a variety of physical activities

Spiritual dimension of wellness

involves the development of the inner self and ones soul a way of living which views life as purposeful and pleasurable and seeks out life-sustaining and life enriching options.

intellectual dimension of wellness and examples

involves the use of your mind -maintaining an active mind, continuous acquisition of knowledge, creativity and mentally stimulating activities, curiosity and learning

Wellness - according to the definitions paper

is a state of being describing a state of positive health in the individual and comprising biological and psychological well being as exemplified by quality of life and a sense of well being

muscular endurance can be measured

isometrically (static contractions) or isotonically (dynamic contractions)

exercise (training)

leisure time physical activity conducted with the intention of developing physical fitness

Coordination is assess by

measuring hand-eye or foot-eye coordination such as juggling, dribbling a ball or hitting an object

field tests for cardiovascular fitness

mile run, 12 minute run, 1 mile run, mile walk

Physiological fitness includes

non performance components of physical fitness that relate to biological systems that are influenced by one's level of habitual physical activity

body composition is the only ________ among the health related physical fitness components

non-performance measure

smoking is responsible for how many deaths per year in the US

one in six deaths/ year 21% of heart disease deaths 87% of lung cancer deaths 30% of all cancer deaths are linked to smoking

what is the Framingham study

one ongoing study - that has resulted in much that is known regarding how heredity, environment, medical care and lifestyle factors affect heart disease and general well being - the people of framingham, mass. have been studied and charted since 1950

Possession of skill related fitness abilities enhances ability to perform in sports and games, however it

only has an indirect connection with health

products are commonly referred to as

outcomes

6 dimensions of wellness

physical intellectual emotional social spiritual occupational there is strong interdependence between them, even though they function separately

it is now clear that _____ may improve metabolic fitness

physical activity

leisure activity

physical activity undertaken during discretionary time

Examples of processes

physical activity, exercise, sports, dance

what are some of the 22 priority areas of Healthy people 2000

physical activity, nutrition, tobacco use, family planning, cancer, alcohol and drug use, STDs, and heart disease

motor skills are not considered part of _____ _______ however they are .....

physical fitness, .... related to successful performance in physical activity

emotional awareness involves

recognizing your own feelings as well as the feelings of others

individual quality of life

related to specific people or individuals

cardiovascular fitness defined

related to the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity

Strength

relates to the ability of the muscle to exert force

Muscular endurance

relates to the muscles ability to continue to perform without fatigue

processes are frequently used as

independent measures for research

the Wellness Self Perception test was split up into which categories?

emotional wellness intellectual wellness physical wellness social wellness spiritual wellness

The first international consensus considered physical activity as a umbrella term that has multiple dimensions such as

exercise sport leisure activities dance others

non health related quality of life includes

facts such as happiness and life satisfaction

examples of health realted quality of life

functional status and well being

Like speed, reaction time is considered to be a component of fitness that is

greatly influenced by heredity

community quality of life

groups of people or communities

Two types of global quality of life

health related quality of life quality of life (not health related)

How is flexibility measured

in the lab using devices such as goniometer, flexometer

components of health related fitness

body composition, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility, muscular endurance, and strength

examples of emotional dimension of wellness

ability to maintain emotional stability, ability to laugh, enjoy life and adjust to change, cope with stress and maintain intimate relationships

what are the components commonly defined as skill-related physical fitness

agility, balance, coordination, power, speed and reaction time

medical self care includes

all actions taken by an individual with respect to a medical probem

wellness is defined in the course reading pack as

an integrated and dynamic level of functioning oriented toward maximizing potential, dependent upon self-responsibility

processes referes to

behaviours or lifestyles

Metabolic fitness includes such sub components as

blood sugar levels, blood lipid levels and blood hormone levels

Physical activity defined

bodily movement that is produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle and that substantially increase energy expenditure

cardiovascular fitness is also referred to as

cardiovascular endurance, aerobic fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness

hypo kinetic diseases or conditions

conditions related to inactivity or low levels of habitual activity

Quality of life

connotes an overall sense of well being

Health related physical fitness

consists of those components of physical fitness that have a relationship with good health

more than half of all deaths in the US are attributed to

coronary heart disease and stroke

physical dimension of wellness and examples

deals with the functional operation of the body, involves health related components of physical fitness - dietary habits have significant effect on physical wellbeing -sexual,, drinking and drug behaviour play a role, as well as medical self care and managing your environment

products are frequently used as

dependent measures for research

occupational wellness involves

deriving personal satisfaction from your vocation maintaining a satisfying balance between work time and leisure time