Unit 3

Which of the following blood pressure is categorized as being normal? A. 118/78 B. 120/86 C. 146/96 D. 168/102

A. 118/78

True / False: Cholesterol is found only in animal tissue.

True

What does the Food and Nutrition Board recommend for daily sodium intake?

2,300mg per day

How long does it take for a client to adjust to a low-fat diet?

2-3 Months

What is the desirable blood cholesterol level recommended by the American Heart Association?

200 mg/dL

The recommended range of fat for children is:

25-40% of total kilocalories

The Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Diet and Health recommends that people reduce their fat intake to _____ of total calories.

30%

Which of the following groups of seasonings is permitted on a sodium-restricted diet? A. bay leaves, curry powder, and lemon extract B. salad dressings, barbecue sauce and celery salt C. ketchup, pickle relish, and prepared mustard D. baking powder, soy sauce, and smoked meats

A. Bay leaves, curry powder, and lemon extract

Which of the following foods contains a high amount of cholesterol? A. egg yolks B. peanuts C. soft margarine D. olive oil

A. Egg Yolks

Which of the following factors decrease a person's risk of heart disease? Select All That Apply A. elevated high-density lipoproteins (HDL's) B. controlled blood pressure C. pear-shaped obesity rather than apple- shaped obesity D. elevated low- density lipoproteins (LDL's)

A. Elevated high-density lipoproteins (HDL's) B. Controlled blood pressure C. Pear-shaped obesity rather than apple- shaped obesity

Which of the following foods should be limited on a low-cholesterol diet? A. whole milk B. potatoes C. chicken D. enriched bread

A. Whole milk

Atherosclerosis is defined as ____.

Accumulation of substances resulting in weakening and thickening of artery walls

What is the general term for vascular disease in which arteries "harden"?

Arteriosclerosis

Which of the following blood pressure is categorized as Pre-Hypertension: A. 118/78 B. 120/86 C. 146/96 D. 168/102

B. 120/86

Trans fatty acids are found in the following: Select All That Apply A. olive oil B. many commercial baked goods C. egg yolks D. hard margarines and shortenings

B. Many commercial baked goods and D. Hard margarines and shortenings

Which of the following blood pressures is categorized as stage 1 Hypertension: A. 118/78 B. 120/86 C. 146/96 D. 168/102

C. 146/96

Which of the following foods contains saturated fat? A. olive oil B. avocados C. cream D. egg white

C. Cream

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins all contain the following elements: ____.

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

____ is essential for the synthesis of bile, sex hormones, cortisone, and vitamin D.

Cholesterol

What is an example of a visible fat?

Cooking oil

How can one increase levels of HDL in the blood? A. quit smoking B. exercise C. maintain desirable weight D. all of the above

D. All of the above

When a client is diagnosed with hypertension, the dietitian may be asked by the physician to ____: A. provide a calorie-controlled diet for the client B. provide a sodium-restricted diet for the client C. educate and counsel the client regarding their required diet D. all of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following functions is not a role of fat in the body? A. provides energy B. protects organs and bones from injury C. a carrier for fat-soluble vitamins D. helps the body store glucose

D. Helps the body store glucose

Which of the following foods contains polyunsaturated fats? A. canola oil B. butter C. palm oil D. sunflower oil

D. Sunflower oil

Which of the following represents a diet low in saturated fat? A. whole milk and oatmeal B. bacon, lettuce, and cheese hamburger C. fish and chips (French fries) D. turkey and tomato sandwich with pretzels

D. Turkey and tomato sandwich with pretzels

What are some modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis?

Diet and lifestyle

True / False: Although cholesterol is thought to be a contributing factor in heart disease, it is essential for the body and is produced daily by the pancreas.

False

True / False: Fats are present only in animal sources.

False

True / False: Fats are soluble in water.

False

True / False: Linoleic acid is the only essential fatty acid required by the body.

False

What has been the leading cause of death in the USA since 1921?

Heart disease

What is the name of the condition in which there is decrease of blood flow, and thus oxygen and nutrients, to the tissues is reduced?

Ischemia

Which lipoprotein is termed as "bad" cholesterol?

LDL

Since the body does not synthesize all fatty acids, which fatty acid needs to be obtained through diet?

Linoleic Acid

The descriptive name for fats of all kinds is:

Lipids

Fats are carried and transported in the body via

Lipoproteins

What organ controls fat metabolism?

Liver

Compared to those made with unsaturated fats, grocery items containing saturated fats have:

Longer shelf lives

Olive oil, canola oil, and avocados are classified as what type of fat?

Monosaturated

When the lumen completely narrows in a coronary artery and a blood clot forms, what could occur?

Myocardial Infarction

Omega-3 fatty acid is classified as a ____ fat.

Polyunsaturated

Hypokalemia refers to a low level of _____ in the blood.

Potassium

Approximately 75% of dietary salt is derived from:

Processed foods

A healthful way to lower cholesterol is to

Reduce the amount of saturated fat in the diet

Fats are classified as saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated based on:

The number of hydrogen elements on a carbon chain

During hydrogenation, which type of fatty acid is produced?

Trans-fatty Acids

True / False: Monounsaturated fats lower the amount of low-density lipoprotein in the blood when they replace saturated fats in one's diet.

True

Gram for gram, fats contain more than ________ as many kilocalories as carbohydrates.

Twice

_____ tend to reduce serum cholesterol.

Unsaturated Fats

An example of low-cholesterol food is

Whole wheat toast with jelly