Unit 3 ap psych

Which of the following brain structures has the strongest influence on hunger and satiety?

Hypothalamus

After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following?

Immediately withdraw in fear

Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?

Positron emission tomography (PET)

The depletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

acetylcholine

Which of the following research approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that the presence of certain odors causes people to gamble more?

experimental

A researcher uses debriefing when they

explains the true purpose of a study immediately after the study is complete

The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the

medulla

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

the absolute refractory phase

Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study

the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

During neuronal firing, the part of the neuron that acts as an insulator and conductor to speed the electrical impulse as it travels down the axon is

the myelin sheath

Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a

visual deficit

The part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons is called

a dendrite

Painkilling substances produced by the brain are known as

endorphins

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

A decrease in heart rate

Introspection as practiced by early structuralists is best illustrated by which of the following behaviors?

Describing one's immediate sensations while looking at a rose.

In a normal distribution, which of the following statements is true about the area that falls between one standard deviation above and one standard deviation below the mean?

It contains the middle 68% of the distribution

Which of the following is brain-imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

The person most strongly associated with identifying deficits in the motor speech area and in the ability to produce speech is

Paul Broca

It is well established that certain autonomic responses such as heart rate, perspiration, and respiration change under stress. In view of the fact that people generally have stronger autonomic responses when lying than when telling the truth, it follows that the polygraph would be a foolproof approach to lie detection. Which statement best explains why the polygraph is not more widely used in courtrooms and in testing of job applicants?

Physiological arousal is much the same for several emotions, so the polygraph cannot always reliably distinguish guilt from other reactions.

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

Reticular formation

In right-handed individuals, which of the following abilities is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?

Spatial reasoning

Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?

The movements of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane creates an action potential.

George was involved in an accident and experienced head trauma. Although his eyes were functioning normally, he was unable to see. Which area of the brain was most likely affected by the accident?

The occipital lobe

Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?

The terminal buttons

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

Wernicke's area

Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research

are protected from physical and psychological harm

Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to the

cerebellum

An individual with damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to have difficulty

comprehending a spoken request for information

Which of the following would an industrial-organizational psychologist be LEAST likely to study?

corporate profitability

The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in

digesting food

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

electroencephalography (EEG)

The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the

hippocampus

When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain's ability to form new memories in the

hippocampus

The part of the endocrine system that is responsible for overseeing and regulating the release of hormones across the entire body is the

hypothalamus

The pituitary gland is controlled by the

hypothalamus

Brain lateralization refers to the

inclination for certain cognitive processes to be specialized to one hemisphere of the brain or the other

Which of the following is a disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin of neurons in the central nervous system?

multiple sclerosis

Dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine are all

neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit a neural signal across a synapse

A disadvantage of longitudinal studies is that

participants who drop out during the course of the study may be different in important ways from ones who do not drop out

An image projected to the left visual field of a split-brained person will be processed in the

right visual cortex

The division of the nervous system that most directly allows voluntary muscle movement is the

somatic

Researchers find that there is a significant, positive correlation between the number of hours students sleep and their grades. The researchers would be justified in concluding that

students who earn good grades tend to sleep more than those who do not

An evolutionary psychologist would explain that humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for

survival