Unit 3 Exam
In 1932, how many millions of people were unemployed in America? -15 -50 -35 -25 -40
15
"D-day" refers to the: -top-secret work of American cryptanalysts (code breakers). -joint American-Russian effort to free Poland. -Allied invasion of North Africa. -Allied invasion at Normandy. -day the atomic bombs were to be dropped on Japan.
Allied invasion of Normandy
Baseball was integrated in 1947 when Jackie Robinson played for the: -Boston Red Sox. -New York Yankees. -Chicago Cubs. -Brooklyn Dodgers. -St. Louis Cardinals.
Brooklyn Dodgers
The Marco Polo Bridge incident brought Japan to war against what country? -the Soviet Union -the United States -Britain -China -Korea
China
The United States experienced a shock in 1949 when Communists took over: -Korea. -China. -Cuba. -Taiwan. -Vietnam.
China
The first large-scale experiment with federal work relief, which put people directly on the government payroll at competitive wages, came with the formation of the: -Civil Works Administration. -Capitol Police Force. -Public Works Administration. -Federal Bureau of Investigation. -Social Security Administration.
Civil Works Administration
Operation Overlord is also known as: -Pearl Harbor Day. -D-day. -V-day. -D-7. -Armistice Day.
D-day
On his second day in office, Franklin D. Roosevelt called upon Congress to meet in a special session on March 9 to pass the: -Farm Credit Act. -Emergency Farm Mortgage Act. -Beer-Wine Revenue Act. -Emergency Banking Relief Act. -Agricultural Adjustment Act.
Emergency Banking Relief Act
Perhaps the most bitterly criticized of the Yalta accords was a secret agreement about the: -future of Russia. -future of Germany. -Middle East. -Far East. -Near East.
Far East
Who was the California doctor who called for old-age pensions from the government? -Harold Ickes -Henry Morgenthau -Francis Townsend -Arthur Lovejoy -William Friedman
Francis Townsend
During the presidential election of 1944: -Franklin Roosevelt was defeated in his run for a fourth term as president. -in light of his health problems and progress toward winning the war, Franklin Roosevelt chose not to run for a fourth term. -Republican Wendell Willkie opposed Democrat Franklin Roosevelt. -Franklin Roosevelt won a fourth term as president. -Harry Truman was elected president.
Franklin Roosevelt won a fourth term as president
The secretary of state who devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe was: -George Marshall. -George Kennan. -Averell Harriman. -Dean Acheson. -James F. Byrnes.
George Marshall
In early 1942, the biggest challenge the United States faced in the Atlantic was: -German espionage. -German submarine warfare. -German American disloyalty. -German aircraft carrier attacks. -German blitzkrieg.
German submarine warfare
Following the Pearl Harbor attack: -Germany and Italy also declared war on the United States. -the United States avoided involvement in the European conflict. -Franklin Roosevelt resigned the presidency. -American isolationism increased. -a congressional resolution for war passed unanimously.
Germany and Italy also declared war on the United States
How did Germany respond to Italy's decision to switch sides in September 1943? -Germany diverted its former Italian forces to fight the Soviets. -Germany abandoned Italy and focused on defending France. -Hitler offered to surrender to the Allies with conditions. -Germany slowed the Allied advance by pouring its own reinforcements into Italy. -Hitler had Mussolini assassinated.
Germany slowed the Allied advance by pouring its own reinforcements into Italy
As a result of the Truman Doctrine: -Truman became less concerned about the Soviet threat. -U.S-Soviet relations improved. -Yugoslavia went Communist. -Greece and Turkey were less vulnerable to communism. -the United Nations carried out its first military intervention.
Greece and Turkey were less vulnerable to communism
The head of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration was: -Frances Perkins. -John Nance Garner. -Hugh Johnson. -Henry Wallace. -Harry Hopkins.
Harry Hopkins
Which of the following statements about the Social Security Act is NOT true? -It committed the national government to a broad range of welfare activities. -It was, according to Roosevelt, the "supreme achievement" of the New Deal. -It was based on a progressive tax that took a larger percentage of higher incomes. -It provided old-age pensions. -It was a regressive tax that pinched the poor more than the rich.
It was based on a progressive tax that took a larger percentage of higher incomes
All of the following statements are true of the National Youth Administration EXCEPT: -it was part of the Works Progress Administration. -it provided Richard Nixon with a job. -it was the parent organization for the Civilian Conservation Corps. -it set up technical training programs. -it provided part-time employment to students.
It was the parent organization for the Civilian Conservation Corps
All of the following were original North Atlantic Treaty Organization members EXCEPT: -France. -Britain. -Japan. -the United States. -Canada.
Japan
When Soviet forces reentered Poland in 1944, they created a puppet Communist regime in: -Lublin. -Lodz -Warsaw. -Kraków. -Rabka- Zdrój.
Lublin
What organization sought to set workplace standards, such as child labor restrictions? -Agricultural Adjustment Administration -Federal Emergency Relief Administration -National Recovery Administration -Works Progress Administration -Civilian Conservation Corps
National Recovery Administration
Which statement best describes the Native American experience in the armed forces during World War II? -Native Americans were ineligible for service in the armed forces. -Native Americans refused to serve in the armed forces. -Native American servicemen were integrated into regular units. -Native American servicemen fought in segregated units with African Americans. -Native Americans served but were exempt from fighting on the front lines.
Native American servicemen were integrated into regular units
Just days after the D-day invasion, U.S. forces liberated all the following EXCEPT: -Tinian. -three Japanese-controlled islands in the Mariana Islands. -Saipan. -Guam. -Philippines.
Philippines
Less than a month before the surrender of Germany: -atomic bombs were dropped on Japan. -Hitler was captured by advancing Allied forces. -President Roosevelt lost his reelection bid. -President Roosevelt died in office. the war in Asia ended with the Japanese surrender.
President Roosevelt died in office
The 1946 congressional elections resulted in: -the end of the New Deal. -Republican control of Congress. -a decline in partisan divisions. -a public vote of confidence in Truman. -Truman's adoption of cold war policies.
Republican control of Congress
During the presidential election of 1936: -African Americans voted overwhelmingly Republican for the first time since Reconstruction. -Republicans won most of the western farm vote and almost upset Roosevelt. -Roosevelt's illness put vice-presidential candidate Harry Truman in the spotlight. -Socialist and Communist candidates together received more than 2 million votes. -Republicans hoped that third-party candidates might split the Democratic vote and throw the election to them.
Republicans hoped that third-party candidates might split the Democratic vote and throw the election to them.
At the 1948 Democratic Convention: -delegates promised to take better care of veterans. -Truman was denied renomination. -segregationist delegates from Alabama and Mississippi walked out of the convention in protest. -people protested getting tougher on the Russians. -delegates could not decide on a vice-presidential nominee.
Segregationist delegates from Alabama and Mississippi walked out of the convention in protest
Which statement best describes the Allied invasion against Sicily in July 1943? -The well-fortified island proved too difficult for the Allies to capture. -The Allies captured Mussolini and forced him to surrender. -The fight for Sicily became known as "the Mediterranean's Okinawa." -The fight for Sicily became the first outright defeat for the Allied war effort. -Sicily fell quickly after the Allied surprise landing.
Sicily fell quickly after the Allied surprise landing
Prime Minister Churchill worried that if the Red Army arrived in Berlin first: -Truman would control the postwar map of Europe. -they would control it with the United States. -Stalin would control the postwar map of Europe. -Lenin would control the postwar map of Europe. -Stalin would declare victory.
Stalin would control the postwar map of Europe
What helped the Allies gain the advantage in the Battle of the Atlantic? -The Allies bypassed the Atlantic to confront the Germans directly in Europe. -The Allies decoded German messages that indicated where the U-boats were. -The Allied aircraft carrier superiority countered the German U-boat advantage. -The Allies had a submarine advantage over the Germans. -The Allies utilized aerial precision bombing of German targets.
The allies decoded German messages that indicated where the U-boats were.
What was the significance of the use of atomic bombs against Japan? -They shocked Germany into surrendering before facing the same fate. -They killed the Japanese emperor and paved the way for surrender. -They rendered the entire island of Honshu uninhabitable for twenty-three years. -They prevented the Soviets from entering the war in Asia. -They allowed the Americans to avoid an amphibious invasion of Japan.
They allowed the Americans to avoid an amphibious invasion of Japan
The second-place finisher in the 1948 election was: -George Marshall. -Thomas Dewey. -Henry Wallace. -Harry Truman. -Strom Thurmond.
Thomas Dewey
As the 1948 election approached: -Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble. -the economy slid into a recession. -relations with the Soviets were clearly improving. -Truman seemed reluctant to run for reelection. -Democrats were strongly united.
Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble
The 1948 election is probably best remembered for: -Dewey's energetic campaign. -the poor showing of Henry Wallace. -Truman's upset victory. -the racism of the Dixiecrats. -the new use of polls and television.
Truman's upset victory
What agency was created to direct industrial conversion to war production? -War Production Board -Office of Scientific Research and Development -Treasury Department -Office of War Information -Commerce Department
War Production Board
The National Labor Relations Act: -was struck down by the Supreme Court in 1935. -gave employers the right to control union activities. -was upheld by the Supreme Court in United States v. Butler. -gave jobs to several thousand unemployed miners. -was often called the Wagner Act.
Was often called the Wagner Act
UN forces reaching the Yalu River brought about: -a cease-fire followed by peace negotiations. -Korea's current division along the 42nd parallel. -the bombing of mainland China. -a massive Chinese intervention. -North Korea's surrender.
a massive Chinese intervention
During the 1948 presidential campaign, Truman endorsed all of the following EXCEPT: -federal aid to education. -national health insurance. -abolishing Social Security. -public housing. -black civil rights.
abolishing Social Security
After dropping two atomic bombs on Japan, the United States: -dropped a third on Tokyo to force the Japanese surrender. -accepted Japan's surrender, albeit with the condition that the emperor could keep his throne. -returned its attention to fighting the war in Europe. -accepted Japan's unconditional surrender. -launched the amphibious invasion of Japan, the final operation of World War II.
accepted Japan's surrender, albeit with the condition that the emperor could keep his throne
In early 1937, FDR proposed to reform the Supreme Court by: -requiring justices to retire at age seventy. -removing justices appointed by previous presidents. -requiring Senate-confirmation hearings. -making justices regularly run for election. -adding up to six additional members.
adding up to six additional members
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947: -outlawed the passage of so-called right-to-work laws by the states. -abolished the National Labor Relations Board. -was supported by President Truman due to his difficulties with organized labor. -allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes. -helped unions gain strength in the South.
allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes
At the Casablanca Conference, Roosevelt and Churchill agreed to all of the following EXCEPT: -the stepped-up bombing of Germany. -a demand for the unconditional surrender of their enemies. -an immediate launching of a cross channel invasion into France. -an assault on Sicily and Italy. -increased shipments of military supplies to the Soviet Union.
an immediate launching of a cross channel invasion into France
On March 12, in the first of his radio-broadcast "fireside chats," the president: -ordered strict limits on the issuance of paper currency. -announced he would use his emergency powers to nationalize the banking industry. -assured the 60 million Americans listening that it was safer to "keep your money in a reopened bank than under the mattress." -ordered the Federal Reserve Board to lower interest rates. -promised to push through a bank bailout bill worth more than $7 billion.
assured the 60 million Americans listening that it was safer to "keep your money in a reopened bank than under the mattress."
The Indian Reorganization Act: -had the support of western congressmen and assimilated Indians. -attempted to reinvigorate traditional Indian cultures. -was the brainchild of Henry Dawes. -broke up tribal lands and allocated them to individuals. -reorganized tribal leaders into nonvoting members of Congress.
attempted to reinvigorate traditional Indian cultures
The "sit-down strike" was used successfully in 1937 by: -western miners. -southern workers. -steelworkers. -automobile workers. -black workers.
automobile workers
With the end of World War II, Korea: -was invaded by the Soviets. -quickly emerged as a regional power. -was left under the control of Japan. -was under joint American and British occupation. -became divided into northern and southern halves.
became divided into northern and southern halves
In regard to Israel's founding in 1948, the United States: -supported its Arab neighbors. -took no official stance. -sent troops there to maintain peace in the Middle East. -became the first country to recognize the Jewish state. -opposed the British departure from Palestine.
became the first country to recognize the Jewish state
President Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Act: -because he felt it promoted thought control. -because a Republican Congress had passed it. -because he knew there were no Communist spies in the United States. -to shore up his popularity ratings. -to protect some Communist friends.
because he felt it promoted thought control
What did the governments of Italy and Germany have in common by the 1930s? -Both went to war with the United States. -Both had established fascist forms of government. -Both had thriving liberal democracies. -Both had established communist forms of government. -Both had strong monarchies.
both had established fascist forms of government
The fair practices codes of the National Recovery Administration did all of the following EXCEPT: -establish a minimum wage of $12 per week in the South. -set a forty-hour workweek. -break up large corporations. -prohibit child labor. -establish minimum wages of $13 per week.
break up large corporations
The bracero program: -sought to mobilize Indian reservations in support of the American war effort. -led to the forced evacuation of more than 100,000 Japanese Americans. -brought some 200,000 Mexican farm workers into the western United States. -allowed most recent immigrants to join the American armed services after a thorough background check. -was a reaction to the zoot-suit riots.
brought some 200,000 Mexican farm workers into the western United States
Frequently lumped together as "Okies" or "Arkies," dust bowl refugees: -came from cotton belt communities. -faked their status to get free food. -ended up working as miners in the Sierra. -mostly died in California in 1937 and 1938. -never made it to California.
came from cotton belt communities
Following the defeat of Germany: -the Prussian monarchy was restored to the German throne. -Franklin Roosevelt died in office. -came the shocking realization of the full extent of the Holocaust. -Hitler was executed after his conviction of war crimes. -the Allies established a unified liberal democratic government with its capital in Berlin.
came the shocking realization of the full extent of the Holocaust
The goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to raise farm income, mainly through: -cutbacks in production. -intensive farming. -marketing quotas. -state and federal subsidies. -a government takeover of the commodity trade in Chicago.
cutbacks in production
In 1933, President Roosevelt confronted all the following major challenges EXCEPT: -rescuing the desperate farm families. -defending the country against communism. -reviving the economy. -rescuing the farm sector. -relieving the widespread human misery.
defending the country against communism
The Potsdam Declaration: -is the formal name for the Soviet Union's declaration of war against Japan. -demanded that Japan surrender or face "prompt and utter destruction." -presented Japan's terms for surrendering to the Allied powers. -accepted the Japanese surrender and allowed the emperor to remain on the throne "subordinate to the authority of the Allied occupation." -threatened that Hiroshima and Nagasaki faced an "atomic holocaust" if Japan did not surrender.
demanded that Japan surrender or face "prompt and utter destruction."
One of Truman's great strengths as he assumed the presidency was his: -willingness to work with Republicans. -determined, decisive character. -tremendous personal charisma and oratorical ability. -elite upbringing and connections. -years of experience as vice president.
determined, decisive character
Huey Long: -called Social Security a "socialistic share-the-wealth program." -challenged FDR for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1936. -complained that the New Deal had gone too far by infringing on "the rights of persons and property." -founded the National Union for Social Justice. -developed a program called Share-the-Wealth.
developed a program called Share-the-Wealth
Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council: -do not participate in the General Assembly. -each have veto power over major UN decisions. -now include Germany and Japan. -meet every two years. -periodically rotate so that new countries participate.
each have veto power over major UN decisions
On the domestic front, President Truman soon made clear his intention to: -taxes. -balance the budget. -expand the New Deal. -dramatically reduce government spending. -end the Depression.
expand the New Deal
A significant economic problem during the war was: -overcoming high unemployment that lingered from the Depression. -raising low wages. -women refusing to work in wartime industries. -finding enough workers for the essential wartime industries. -dealing with deflationary pressures that killed consumer demand.
finding enough workers for the essential wartime industries
Soviet and Communist activities in regard to Turkey and Greece were intended to: -gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean. -inspire Russian patriotic feeling. -gain the rich natural resources of those countries. -free those countries from dictatorships. -provoke a war with the Americans and the British.
gave the Soviets access to the Mediterranean
All of the following are true of Harry Truman EXCEPT that he: -personally suffered by contrast to Franklin Roosevelt when he became president. -had an Ivy League education. -was an artillery officer in World War I. -served as a senator from Missouri. -was a partner in a clothing business.
had an Ivy League education
War relocation camps: -helped the families of American servicemen cope with the absence of husbands and fathers. -housed more than 120,000 Japanese Americans during the war. -were actually prisoner-of-war camps for captured Germans. -served as the German euphemism for Nazi concentration camps. -were the bases that housed American servicemen before they were sent to the front lines.
housed more than 120,000 Japanese Americans during the war
British and American differences over where to attack Germany first were resolved with the decision to launch an offensive: -in North Africa. -on the Eastern Front. -across the English Channel. -in the Middle East. -against Japan.
in North Africa
Labor's new direction in the late 1930s was toward: -decentralization of union organization. -the Republican party. -women in unions. -craft unions. -industrial unions.
industrial unions
During the 1948 campaign, the Dixiecrats did all of the following EXCEPT: -influence Truman to slow down on civil rights. -wave Confederate flags. -support Strom Thurmond for president. -support states' rights and segregation. -carry several southern states.
influence Truman to slow down on civil rights
In June 1941, Germany widened the war by: -declaring war on the United States. -declaring war on Poland. -invading the Soviet Union. -attacking Spain. -invading Britain.
invading the soviet union
Truman's response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 was to: -mass American troops on the Soviet border. -launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin. -get the United Nations to officially protest. -divide the rest of Germany into occupation zones. -meet with Stalin to diplomatically resolve the crisis.
launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin
The mobilization of women in the labor force during World War II: -occurred in all Allied nations except in the United States. -did not include women serving in the armed forces. -led to a significant increase of American women joining the labor force. -has been greatly exaggerated and distorted beyond its real significance. -only impacted minorities and immigrants.
led to a significant increase of American women joining the labor force
Truman viewed his victory as a mandate for: -bipartisanship. -thoughtful conservatism. -liberalism. -the status quo. -socialism.
liberalism
To earn the federal payments for reducing crops: -farmers had to let fields go idle for three years in a row. -tenants and sharecroppers had to stick with lucrative staples such as cotton. -many landowners kicked out black tenants in favor of whites. -many landowners took their leased lands out of production. -farmers often starved because they were not allowed to grow even small vegetable gardens.
many land owners took their leased lands out of production
Following the declaration of war: -the draft was enacted for the first time in American history. -all men and women between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were drafted. -women between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were drafted, while men were exempt from the draft due to an excess of volunteers. -men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were drafted. -a surge of volunteerism allowed the repeal of the Selective Service Act to end the draft.
men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were drafted
The Soviet acquisition of the atomic bomb in 1949 inspired Truman to: -order the resumption of the military draft. -see the folly of the nuclear-arms race. -arrange a summit conference with Stalin. -order the development of a hydrogen bomb. -arm American submarines with nuclear missiles.
order the development of a hydrogen bomb
In the case of Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States, the Supreme Court: -overturned the National Industrial Recovery Act. -upheld the constitutionality of the second Agricultural Adjustment Act. -overturned the Farm Credit Act. -decided that Schechter was involved in interstate, not local, trade. -said that the Agricultural Adjustment Act was unconstitutional.
overturned the National Industrial Recovery Act
The GI Bill did all of the following EXCEPT: -help prevent a postwar depression. -provide medical treatment for veterans. -provide housing loans for veterans. -provide educational benefits for veterans. -pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military.
pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military
The main purpose of the 1943 meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin at Tehran was to: -plan the invasion of France and the Russian offensive across Eastern Europe. -reconsider the strategies in the Battle for the Atlantic. -consider inducing the Axis powers to lay down their arms by abandoning the insistence on unconditional surrender. -discuss the use of atomic bombs to end the war. -reprioritize the war in Asia as more important than the war in Europe.
plan the invasion of France and the Russian offensive across Eastern Europe
The main purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps was to: -promote conservation practices by the general public. -provide work relief for young men. -train young men for the Army Corps of Engineers. -give young women an opportunity to earn money for higher education. -build environmental education projects at the first national parks.
provide work relief for young men
One major reason that World War II inspired postwar changes in race relations was the: -racist nature of the enemies of the United States. -end it brought to the Depression. -lessons in equality American soldiers learned from Europeans. -greater number of people receiving higher education. -number of northerners it inspired to move to the South.
racist nature of the enemies of the United States
The Revenue Act of 1935 (sometimes called the Wealth-Tax Act): -increased federal revenue significantly and thus helped finance the New Deal. -created a more equal distribution of wealth in America. -raised taxes on incomes above $50,000. -provided for a regressive tax. -was an FDR response to Long's soak-the-rich tax.
raised taxes on incomes above $50,000
At the Yalta Conference of 1945, the Allies did all of the following EXCEPT: -agree to Soviet territorial demands in Eastern Europe. -call for a conference to create a new world security organization. -restore the original Polish government to power in Poland. -make arrangements for the postwar governance of Germany. -reaffirm the principles of the Atlantic Charter.
restore the original Polish government to power in Poland
State Department official George Kennan: -predicted that the wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviets would continue. -said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies. -said the United States should be willing to bomb the Russians. -urged the use of military force to liberate Eastern Europe. -said the United States should abandon Europe and focus on the defense of the Western Hemisphere.
said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies
The Office of Price Administration: -set price ceilings and directed the rationing of all goods and items for sale in the wartime economy. -was designed to raise consumer prices. -lacked any authority to set consumer prices or ration any items. -set price ceilings on highly demanded items such as tires, sugar, and gasoline. -was designed to combat the serious wartime deflation.
set price ceilings on highly demanded items such as tires, sugar, and gasoline
By late 1942, the United States effectively countered German advantages in the Atlantic with what strategic response? -espionage -cross channel invasion -dropping the atomic bomb -aerial bombardment -subchasers
subchasers
What was the most significant consequence of the Battle of Leyte Gulf? -The Allied forces secured a foothold on the Japanese home islands. -The Japanese lost most of their remaining sea power and ability to defend the Philippines. -Germany entered the war in the Pacific and fought alongside Japan. -The Chinese earned their first substantive victory against the Japanese. -This Japanese surprise victory caused Allied losses so severe it nearly ended the war.
the Japanese lost most of their remaining sea power and ability to defend the Philippines
The country that suffered the most deaths in the fighting of World War II was: -Germany. -Britain. -the United States. -the Soviet Union. -Japan.
the Soviet Union
In early 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of Communists in: -the FBI. -the White House. -the State Department. -Congress. -the movie industry.
the State Department
When North Korean Communists invaded South Korea: -the Soviets used their Security Council veto to prevent United Nations action. -South Korean forces initially repulsed the invaders. -the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors. -Truman persuaded Congress to declare war on North Korea. -Stalin told the North Koreans to stop their aggression.
the United Nations authorized military invention against the aggressors
All of the following were among the objectives of the Tennessee Valley Authority EXCEPT: -the development of Smoky Mountain National Park. -the production of cheap electric power. -soil conservation and forestry. -providing jobs. -opening rivers to boats and barges.
the development of Smoky Mountain National Park
The Atlantic Charter included all the following principles EXCEPT: -a new system of international security. -self-determination for all peoples. -economic cooperation. -freedom of the seas. -the elimination of communism.
the elimination of communism
In 1948, President Truman desegregated: -public transportation. -public schools. -defense industries. -Washington, D.C. -the military.
the military
From late 1941 into early 1942, during World War II in the Pacific: -China finally surrendered to Japan. -there was a succession of Japanese victories that saw numerous Allied outposts fall. -the Japanese invaded and captured Australia. -there was a string of American victories that put Japan on the defensive. -the Japanese in the Philippines surrendered to General Douglas MacArthur.
there was a succession of Japanese victories that saw numerous Allied outposts fall
When confronted with a railroad strike in 1946, President Truman's response was to: -break the strike with unemployed veterans. -freeze transportation and energy prices. -declare martial law. -threaten to draft the strikers. -say government had no role in labor-management disputes.
threaten to draft the strikes
Truman fired MacArthur: -for reasons that are still unknown. -to preserve civilian control of the military. -because of party politics. -because he never liked him personally. -for incompetence.
to preserve civilian control of the military
The Atlantic Charter: -advocated expanding the war in Europe to fight communism. -reaffirmed American neutrality in the wars in Europe and Asia. -was a joint British-American statement of anti-Axis war aims. -was voted down by Congress. -is another name for the American declaration of war against Germany.
was a joint British-American statement of anti-Axis war aims
Huey Long's program to end the Depression: -involved closing down Wall Street brokerage firms. -emphasized tax breaks for big business. -involved the creation of a fascist dictatorship. -was a plan to share the wealth. -called for unadulterated free-market capitalism.
was a plan to share the wealth
The American assault on Okinawa: -prompted the emperor to give up his throne. -resulted in the surrender of the Japanese Imperial Army. -was postponed with the development of the atomic bomb. -was a success, but with tremendous loss of life for both the United States and Japan. -failed at great loss of life for the U.S. forces.
was a success, but with tremendous loss of life for both the United States and Japan
Eleanor Roosevelt: -was an official member of FDR's cabinet. -had more influence than her husband in shaping New Deal policies. -was especially supportive of women, blacks, and organized labor. -primarily played the role of White House hostess. -became most famous for her fireside chats.
was especially supportive of women, blacks, and organized labor
Inch'on was the site: -where General MacArthur turned the war around with a surprise landing. -where UN forces were able to establish a perimeter in far-south South Korea. -of North Korea's capital. -where Chinese forces overran UN positions. -where peace negotiations dragged on for two years.
where General MacArthur turned the war around with a surprise landing