Unit 3B Brain Structures and Functions
Psychologist Micheal Gazzaniga asked to split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients SAID they saw
ART
Which brain area is primarily involved with producing speech?
Broca's area
Ellen volunteers during her AP psychology class to try to balance a yardstick on her two fingers. While her eyes are open, she finds the task quite easy. However, when she closes her eyes, she finds the same task almost impossible. Which brain region relies on visual information in coordinating our voluntary movements?
Cerebellum
When looking at a flying bird, we are consciously aware of our cognitive processing ("It's a bird!") but not of our subconscious processing of the bird's form, color, distance, and movement. This illustrates what psychologists call
Dual processing
Sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan?
EEG
Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw
HE
Thinking about sex (in your brain's cerebral cortex) can stimulate a region of the lambic system to secrete hormones. These hormones trigger the pituitary gland to influence hormones released by other glands in the body. Which brain region influences the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
In 1861, Paul Broca studied a stroke patient he called "Tan." He was called this because as a result of a brain damage it was the only word he could pronounce. Based on Broca's early work, which of the following brain regions is involved in speech production?
Left frontal lobe
Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the
Medulla
The concentration of glucose in active regions of the brain underlies the usefulness of a
PET scan
After Kato's motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum Kato is most likely to have difficulty
Playing guitar
When the cat's amygdala is electrically stimulated the cat prepares to attack by hissing and arching its back. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated by such stimulation?
Sympathetic
The auditory hallucinations experienced by people with schizophrenia are most clearly linked with the activation of areas in which brain area?
Temporal lobes
Someone who has difficulty speaking after a stroke is suffering from which of the following?
aphasia
The reticular formation is located in the
brainstem
We are usually least consciously aware of the processes and functions of which brain structure?
brainstem
The medulla is to the control of ____ as the cerebellum is to the control of _____
breathing; walking
A brain lesion refers to ________ of brain tissue.
destruction
Nerve cells in the brain receive life-supporting nutrients and insulating myelin from
glial cells
Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories?
hippocampus
The secretions of the pituitary gland are most directly regulated by the
hypothalamus
The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called
laterization
If Professor Kosiba lesions the amygdala of a laboratory rat, the rat will most likely become
less aggressive
To trigger a persons hand to make a fist, José Delgado stimulated the individuals
motor cortex
Direct stimulation of the motor cortex would be most likely to result in
movement of the mouth and lips
consciousness is
our awareness of ourselves and our environment
A picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The individual will be able to use her
right hand to indicate she saw a mouse
A failure to recognize that one's arm or leg is part of one's self is most likely to be associated with damage to the
right hemisphere
French psychiatrist Joseph Capgras described a patient who reported that imposters had replaced her husband, children, and herself. Her inability to recognize the faces of her close family members or herself suggests that the
right hemisphere of her brain was damaged
The parietal lobes are to ____ as the occipital lobes are to ____
sensing touch; seeing