Unit 4: Chapter 11 (Nervous System II)
Which statement accurately describes the cauda equina? Multiple choice question. A thin cord of connective tissue runs from the conus medullaris to the coccyx. A bundle of spinal nerves extending inferiorly from the conus medullaris. An enlarged area of the spinal cord thickened due to a large number of spinal nerves associated with it.
A bundle of spinal nerves extending inferiorly from the conus medullaris.
Meningeal branch -
Blood vessels of spinal cord, intervertebral ligaments, vertebrae, and meninges
What are the functions of the oculomotor nerve (CN III)? Multiple select question. Carries sensory impulses for the sense of vision. Controls muscles of the pupil, to adjust the amount of light entering the eye. Carries sensation from the skin of the face. Controls muscles that raise the eyelid. Controls muscles that move the eye.
Controls muscles of the pupil, to adjust the amount of light entering the eye. Controls muscles that raise the eyelid. Controls muscles that move the eye.
Which are the functions of the spinal cord? Multiple select question. It conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain. It is the center for sensory perception and intellect. It is a center for many reflexes. It cushions impacts, therefore providing shock absorption.
It conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain. It is a center for many reflexes.
Dorsal branch -
Muscles and skin of the back
Cranial nerve I is also called the ____ nerve
Olfactory
True or false: The cranial nerves serve parts of the head, neck, and also some structures of the trunk.
TRUE
Cranial nerve IV is also called the ____ nerve
Trochlear
Which nerve innervates muscles that move the eye? Multiple choice question. olfactory nerve vagus nerve optic nerve abducens nerve
abducens nerve
Spinal nerve C5 emerges ______ vertebra C5 and spinal nerve L5 emerges ______ vertebra L5.
above; below
interneuron
acts as a processing center
A reflex arc begins with a sensory receptor at the dendritic end of a(n) ______. Multiple choice question. afferent neuron motor neuron efferent neuron interneuron
afferent neuron
A reflex arc begins with a sensory receptor at the dendritic end of a(n) ______. Multiple choice question. efferent neuron motor neuron afferent neuron interneuron
afferent neuron
A reflex arc begins with a sensory receptor at the dendritic end of a(n) ______. Multiple choice question. motor neuron efferent neuron afferent neuron interneuron
afferent neuron
What is a reflex? Multiple choice question. a type of neuromuscular junction, found on smooth muscles a signal sent on a motor neuron to initiate a voluntary movement an automatic, subconscious response to a specific stimulus
an automatic, subconscious response to a specific stimulus
What are the functions of association areas in the cerebral cortex? Multiple choice question. receive input from sensory receptors initiate signals to skeletal muscles analyze and interpret sensory experiences
analyze and interpret sensory experiences
Motor signals leave the spinal cord through the ______ roots. Sensory signals enter the spinal cord through the ______ roots. Multiple choice question. anterior; posterior posterior; posterior anterior; anterior posterior; anterior
anterior; posterior
All the basic components of a reflex are collectively known as a reflex ____
arc
Areas of the cerebral cortex that are neither primarily sensory nor motor are called ____ areas. They help provide memory, reasoning, and emotions, among other things.
association
Areas of the cerebral cortex that are neither primarily sensory nor motor are called ____areas. They help provide memory, reasoning, and emotions, among other things.
association
Preganglionic and postganglionic fibers from the motor pathways for the ______ nervous system Multiple choice question. autonomic somatic
autonomic
In the most generalized way, nerves can be defined as bundles of
axons
What type of fibers are found in the anterior root of a spinal nerve? Multiple choice question. axons of motor neurons axons of sensory neurons axons of both sensory and motor neurons
axons of motor neurons
What is the general name of the areas of gray matter found deep in the white matter of the cerebrum (including caudate and putamen)? Multiple choice question. basal nuclei dopamine-producing ganglia consolidated nuclei
basal nuclei
The brainstem connects the ______ to the ______. Multiple choice question. cerebrum; midbrain cerebral cortex; spinal cord brain; spinal cord
brain; spinal cord
Cranial nerves I and II are associated with the cerebrum while the remaining cranial nerves originate from the ____
brainstem
Most of the cranial nerves (cranial nerves III-XII), arise from what location? Multiple choice question. cerebrum thalamus spinal cord brainstem
brainstem
Most of the cranial nerves (cranial nerves III-XII), arise from what location? Multiple choice question. spinal cord brainstem cerebrum thalamus
brainstem
The brain is connected to the spinal cord by the _____
brainstem
efferent neuron
carries impulses to effectors
afferent neuron
carries sensory information
What is the name of the descending roots of the lumbar, sacral and coccygeal nerves that extend below the spinal cord but remain in the vertebral canal? Multiple choice question. cauda equina filum terminale lumbar enlargement
cauda equina
What is the name of the descending roots of the lumbar, sacral and coccygeal nerves that extend below the spinal cord but remain in the vertebral canal? Multiple choice question. cauda equina lumbar enlargement filum terminale
cauda equina
The root word____ means head
cephal
The ____is a large mass of tissue located inferior to the occipital lobe and posterior to the pons.
cerebellum
Where are basal nuclei found? Multiple choice question. cerebrum spinal nerves brain stem spinal cord
cerebrum
Within the brain, the major area that is the seat of intelligence, personality, and conscious sensation is the
cerebrum
Within the brain, the major area that is the seat of intelligence, personality, and conscious sensation is the ___
cerebrum
What is the name of the broad, flat bundle of axons that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres? Multiple choice question. Second corpus callosum longitudinal fissure
corpus callosum
The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by a broad, flat bundle of axons, called the _____ ______
corpus calloum
The ______ nerves are designated by Roman numerals and by names that indicate their primary functions and/or the general distribution of their fibers. spinal cranial
cranial
ndicate the cranial nerve number for the optic nerve. Multiple choice question. cranial nerve I cranial nerve II cranial nerve III cranial nerve IV
cranial nerve II
Indicate the cranial nerve number for the oculomotor nerve. Multiple choice question. cranial nerve III cranial nerve I cranial nerve II caranial nerve IV
cranial nerve III
Indicate the cranial nerve number for the trigeminal nerve. Multiple choice question. cranial nerve IV cranial nerve V cranial nerve III
cranial nerve V
The nervous system has twelve pairs of ______. Multiple choice question. spinal nerves dorsal (posterior) root ganglia cranial nerves cerebral lobes
cranial nerves
Because of the ______ of nerve fibers, the right side of the brain communicates with the left side of the body, and vice versa. Multiple choice question. termination length crossing over
crossing over
The area of the brain called the ____ is located between the cerebral hemispheres, superior to the brainstem, and surrounding the third ventricle.
diencephalon
The area of the brain called the _____ is located between the cerebral hemispheres, superior to the brainstem, and surrounding the third ventricle.
diencephalon
three tissue membranes
dura mater pia mater arachnoid mater
The three meninges are ____ mater, _______ mater, and _____ mater
dura, pia, arachnoid
Choose the effectors for the motor fibers of the trochlear nerve. Multiple choice question. extrinsic eye muscles which move the eyes muscles of facial expression muscles used for chewing
extrinsic eye muscles which move the eyes
What are the effectors for the motor fibers of the abducens nerve? Multiple choice question. muscles of the tongue muscles of the eyelids extrinsic muscle of the eye
extrinsic muscle of the eye
The spinal cord ends near the intervertebral disc that separates the ______. Multiple choice question. fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae eleventh and twelfth thoracic vertebrae third and fourth lumbar vertebrae first and second lumbar vertebrae
first and second lumbar vertebrae
The nervous tissue that becomes the spinal cord leaves the cranium through the ___ _____
foramen magnum
What is the general name for the ridges or convolutions seen on the surface of the cerebrum? gyri fissures lobes sulci
gyri
The diencephalon is located between the two cerebral ____ and superior to the ____
hemispheres or hemisphere brainstem
Where is the spinal cord located? Multiple choice question. in the vertebral canal superior to the brain anterior to the vertebrae
in the vertebral canal
Indicate the three large branches of the trigeminal nerve. Multiple select question. glossal division mandibular division ophthalmic division maxillary division ethmoidal division
mandibular division ophthalmic division maxillary division
What are some functions of the cerebrum? Multiple select question. memory storage reflexes for heart rate initiation of voluntary movements balance and coordination intellect and reasoning interpretation of sensory signals
memory storage initiation of voluntary movements intellect and reasoning interpretation of sensory signals
Choose the structures that are parts of the brainstem. Multiple select question. midbrain diencephalon medulla oblongata pons cerebellum cerebrum
midbrain medulla oblongata pons
What are some parts of the brainstem? Multiple choice question. thalamus and hypothalamus midbrain and pons cerebellum and spinal cord cerebrum and basal nuclei
midbrain and pons
The first pair of spinal nerves is a purely____ nerve, while the rest are _____nerves, containing both motor and sensory fibers
motor mixed
A _______ is a cordlike organ composed of numerous nerve fibers (fascicles) bound together by connective tissue.
nerve
The intervertebral foramina are openings through which spinal ____exit the spinal _____
nerve cord
Cranial nerve III is also called the ____ nerve
oculomotor
The muscles that move the eyes and eyelids and the muscles that adjust pupil size and lens shape are innervated by the ______ nerve. Multiple choice question. facial abducens optic oculomotor
oculomotor
The muscles that move the eyes and eyelids and the muscles that adjust pupil size and lens shape are innervated by the ______ nerve. Multiple choice question. oculomotor abducens optic facial
oculomotor
he cranial nerve that is sensory only and transmits signals related to the sense of smell is called the ______ nerve.
olfactory
Which cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of smell? Multiple choice question. oculomotor nerve olfactory nerve vestibulocochlear nerve optic nerve
olfactory nerve
The ______ nerve contains only sensory fibers and transmits visual signals.
optic
The name associated with the second pair of cranial nerves (II) is the ___ nerve
optic
Which type of cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of vision? Multiple choice question. vestibulocochlear nerve optic nerve oculomotor nerve olfactory nerve
optic nerve
The ______ nervous system consists of all the nerves that branch from the CNS, including the ______ nerves and the spinal nerves.
peripheral or PNS cranial
The brainstem is comprised by the midbrain, the ____, and the ____ _____
pons medulla oblongata
The ______ branch of a spinal nerve innervates the muscles and skin of the back. Multiple choice question. visceral anterior lateral posterior
posterior
Choose the two statements that describe the location of the cerebellum. Multiple select question. superior to the corpus callosum posterior to the pons and the medulla oblongata inferior to the occipital lobes of the cerebrum anterior to the brainstem inferior to the frontal lobes of the cerebrum
posterior to the pons and the medulla oblongata inferior to the occipital lobes of the cerebrum
A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus is called a(n)
reflex
a _____ is a nerve pathway that begins with a ____ receptor and ends with an effector. These nerve pathways are very simple and can contain as few as two neurons.
reflex, sensory
What are the gyri of the cerebrum? Multiple choice question. indentations on the cerebral surface ridges of tissue hollow spaces within each hemisphere
ridges of tissue
The _____ areas of the cerebrum function to receive input from receptors, producing sensations.
sensory
Which areas of the cerebrum function to receive input from receptors, producing sensations? Multiple choice question. sensory motor somatic
sensory
Because sensory fibers of the peripheral nervous system cross over on their way to the cerebrum, centers in the right hemisphere interpret impulses originating from the left side of the body, and vice versa. However, two of the sensory areas receive impulses from both sides of the body. Choose these two sensory areas from the following list.
sensory areas associated with hearing sensory areas associated with vision
The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis and controls visceral activities by regulating the actions of ______. Multiple select question. several glands cardiac muscles smooth muscles skeletal muscles certain portions of the central nervous system related to stress
several glands cardiac muscles smooth muscles
What areas of the body does the cervical plexus innervate? Multiple choice question. skin and muscles of the lower limb skin and muscles of the upper limb skin and muscles of the neck skin and muscles in the trunk
skin and muscles of the neck
What are the components of the central nervous system? Multiple select question. nerves spinal cord ganglia sensory receptors brain
spinal cord brain
The peripheral nervous system includes ______ and ______. Multiple select question. spinal nerves the spinal cord nerve tracts cranial nerves the brain interneurons
spinal nerves cranial nerves
The thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spinal nerves are associated with (named for) the vertebra ______ the nerve's point of emergence from the vertebral column. Multiple choice question. inferior to superior to
superior to
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system? Multiple select question. sympathetic postganglionic peripheral central preganglionic parasympathetic
sympathetic parasympathetic
What structure functions to conduct nerve impulses between the peripheral body and the brain and also acts as a reflex center? Multiple choice question. the cerebellum the reticular formation the spinal cord
the spinal cord
What provides two-way communication between the central nervous system and the muscles and skin of the upper and lower limbs, neck, and trunk. Multiple choice question. the cranial nerves the spinal nerves the brainstem
the spinal nerves
The diencephalon is found surrounding what structure? Multiple choice question. cerebrum cerebellum third ventricle fourth ventricle brainstem
third ventricle
The diencephalon is found surrounding what structure? Multiple choice question. cerebrum third ventricle cerebellum fourth ventricle brainstem
third ventricle
How do spinal nerves exit the vertebral column? Multiple choice question. through the foramen magnum through the intervertebral foramina through the vertebral foramina
through the intervertebral foramina
The ______ nerve branches into the ophthalmic division, maxillary division, and mandibular division. Multiple choice question. trigeminal abducens trochlear
trigeminal
Cranial nerve IV is also called the ___ nerve
trochlear
When a physician moves a finger in front of a patient's face, asking them to follow its movement with their eyes, they are testing the function of the ______ nerve. Multiple choice question. trochlear vestibulocochlear vagus glossopharyngeal
trochlear
How many pairs of cranial nerves are recognized? Multiple choice question. twenty twelve eight fifteen
twelve
Cavities within the brain containing cerebrospinal fluid are called ____
ventricles
