Unit 4, Chapter 2
A person suffering from anorexia nervosa typically suffers from which of the following health issues?
All of the above
Which of the following is a consequence of too much body fat?
All of the above
Your friend Emily has just started a new fitness program and wants to know if a scale is a good way to track her progress. Give your opinion and justify your response with examples from this lesson.
Although a scale will measure one's total body mass, it does not determine the lean-to-fat ratio in a person's body, so it's important to remember that muscle weighs more than fat. Also, it's essential to remember that body fat is necessary for the body to function effectively.
Which statement BEST describes a lifestyle with healthy eating habits?
Andrew is a wrestler and needs to stay at a consistent weight. In order to do so, he follows the dietary recommendations of a dietician carefully and always maintains a balanced diet.
Making realistic goals is an important part of creating a healthy body image. How does one determine if a goal is realistic?
Any goal that emphases a quick "fix" is not realistic. Just as it takes time to develop bad habits, it also takes time to unlearn and replace them with good habits. Goals that are planned out over a span of time tend to be more realistic. Also, realistic goals can be vetted by parents, teachers, or medical professionals to ensure they are safe and attainable.
Being realistic about one's flaws is the symptom of an unhealthy body image.
False
In a diet and exercise program, a good reward for weight loss is a big serving of your favorite high calorie food.
False
Lisa complains that she has a slow metabolism, but it's her fault because people can control how quickly their metabolism works.
False
Older adults don't suffer from body image problems because they are more accepting of who they are.
False
Over half of Americans have a BMI over 30, placing them in the obese category.
False
People with an eating disorder can seek professional help to overcome their disorder or can wait until the disorder goes away on its own.
False
People with sedentary lifestyles have completely different nutritional needs than those with athletic lifestyles.
False
Sophie's total body fat is 30%, which places her in the healthy body fat range.
False
The biggest reason people diet is to reduce their cholesterol.
False
When doctors talk about an individual's body composition, they are talking solely about the fat components of the human body.
False
In order to lose 12 pounds, your friend wants to fast for a week. You don't think it is a good idea. Which of the following statements BEST explains why she should not fast and provides her with a better alternative?
Fasting can cause the metabolism to slow down, so it would be better to follow a well-balanced diet that has reduced calories.
Sandra wants to improve her body composition. Four of her friends have given her advice. Analyze the sentences to determine which friend gave her the BEST piece of advice?
John says to eat several, balanced, low-calorie meals throughout the day and to exercise regularly.
Laura measured her body composition by measuring her waist circumference. Her waist is 39 inches. Based on this result, which of the following is TRUE?
Laura's waist circumference indicates that she has a high percentage of abdominal fat, which places her at a higher risk for certain diseases.
If cost was not an issue, you would need to do a/an __________ to determine the most accurate information on body composition.
MRI
The doctor is very concerned about Janine's body composition and needs to know the exact percentage of body fat she has and where the body fat is stored. Which of the following would be the BEST test for the doctor to order?
MRI
Lacto-ovo vegetarians would not eat __________.
Meat
Which of the following is NOT true about how medical problems affect body composition?
Medical problems can improve one's body composition.
Which of the following is NOT true about childhood obesity?
Obese children find that maintaining a healthy body composition is easier as an adult because their metabolism naturally increases
Which of the following is NOT true about childhood obesity?
Obese children find that maintaining a healthy body composition is easier as an adult because their metabolism naturally increases.
If you wanted to measure your body composition and only had a scale and measuring tape, what types of methods could you use?
One could use body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio.
Compare and contrast the health-related problems that severely underweight and overweight people might face.
Severely overweight and underweight people face numerous health issues, but those issues differ for the most part. People who have too much body fat may suffer from such problems as high blood pressure, increased cholesterol, diabetes, and joint and bone disorders. On the other hand, people with too little body fat suffer from altered hormones, loss of menstruation (in women), osteoporosis, and organ failure. The one major consequence that both severely overweight and underweight people face is death.
Charlene has a BMI of 29; therefore, she wants to change her body composition. Which plan would be BEST for her?
She should exercise 60 minutes a day, eat six small meals that equal less than 2,000 calories, and make sure to get plenty of rest.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the body's nonfat components?
Skin
Which statement is TRUE about skipping meals?
Skipping meals puts your body in starvation mode and slows down your metabolism.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about storage body fat?
Storage body fat can be found directly below the skin in the human body.
Which of the following is NOT true about storage body fat?
Storage body fat helps increase the effects of aging.
Recall a time when you recognized a false body image in the media. Describe the event and highlight one or more methods the media used to create the unrealistic depiction
Students should list an interaction with the media where they recognized an unrealistic depiction of body image. Examples may include a TV show they just watched, a magazine they read, or a celebrity site on the Internet. Students should be able to recognize in the example that the body image was either digitally/cosmetically altered or an extreme outlier in body type. Comments from either the media or other users that were negative about a person's appearance is another method students might recognize.
Which of the following statements does NOT describe how teens can create a healthy body image?
Teens should use the media to figure out what body type is healthy.
Like his parents, Thomas is short, stocky, and heavyset. Although he exercises regularly and eats a well-balanced meal, his body composition stays the same. Explain what factor is most likely affecting his body composition.
The factor that is most likely affecting Thomas's body composition is genetics. Heredity influences the amount of fat a person possesses, and children with heavyset parents are more likely to be heavyset.
List ways that the government assists in eating healthy.
The government makes suggestions on healthy eating by providing guidelines on what and how much to eat each day. In the US, the government provides a food pyramid.
Does the media influence how men perceive their bodies? Why or why not?
The media can affect the body image of a person of any age, gender, or ethnicity. While some arguments can be made that men in general suffer less societal pressure to look a certain way, they are also bombarded with images of extremely muscular, fit men either being pursued by women, enjoying life's luxuries, or both.
Which of the following is NOT true about essential body fat?
The percentage of essential body fat is the same for both males and females.
Mark wants to lose some weight fast, so he decides to take some diuretics. Select the statement that BEST represents the result of this decision.
These pills will cause him to lose water weight and could cause dehydration or potassium deficiency.
Sue and Shannon are having an argument about diet myths. In order to settle the argument, select the "myth" that is really a TRUE statement.
To lose weight, you must use more energy than you consume.
A certain percentage of body fat is essential for the body to function effectively.
True
An eating disorder may start out as a slightly irregular pattern of eating.
True
Because they are both lean, when Mark and Lauren have children, they will most likely have children who are lean.
True
Body image can affect a person's health.
True
Diets not only correct health problems, they can also cause health problems.
True
Genetics can influence the amount of body fat an individual possesses.
True
In order to gain the maximum benefits from an exercise program, you should include both cardiovascular training and weight training.
True
Julie has an ectomorph body type, which means she is tall and thin with long arms and legs.
True
Regular exercise is critical to all age groups in maintaining body composition.
True
The human body consists of two types of fat components: essential body fat and storage body fat.
True
The media through television, movies, and the Internet can affect a person's body image. Can books also contribute to this problem? Why or why not?
While not traditionally a visual medium, unhealthy expectations can be communicated through print. Diet and relationship books are particularly likely in promoting a negative body image. Students should understand that body image isn't only affected by visual mediums.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about metabolism?
Younger people generally have a slower metabolism than adults.
This type of fad diet requires long periods of time with no calorie intake. What type of fad diet would this most likely be?
a fasting diet because no calories are consumed
Disordered eating is often __________.
a precursor for developing a disorder, but not a disorder on its own
A patient comes to the emergency room with very low potassium and dehydration. The doctor would want to ask if this patient has __________.
been taking diuretics
When the body's energy intake is balanced with energy expenditure, an individual will gain weight.
false
Which of the following does NOT influence one's body composition?
financial problems
To apply the FITT principles to eating habits we use __________.
frequency of eating, intensity of calories contained in foods, times a day that you eat, and types of food you eat
Sandra ate about 2,000 calories yesterday. She was not feeling well, so she laid around and watched TV all day and burned 1,200 calories. If Sandra did this all week, she would __________.
gain weight because she is not in a state of energy balance
The real advantage to hydrostatic weighing is that it __________.
gives one of the most accurate measurements of body fat
Larissa has a BMI of 30% and a waist measurement of 40. Describe Larissa's body composition, set a reasonable goal for her, and devise a plan to help her accomplish the goal.
her BMI is too high and the goal should be to reduce her BMI. The plan must include the FITT principles (frequency, intensity, time, type) and show an understanding that, in order to lose weight, you must burn more calories than you take in.
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of too little body fat?
increased cholesterol
If an individual eats foods that do not contain any dairy and only drinks soy milk, he or she most likely has a problem digesting __________.
lactose
June follows a special diet that does not allow her to eat any milk products. This diet could be __________.
lactose-free, vegan, or ovo-vegetarian
Scott is a young man whose body has trouble processing sugar. The BEST diet for him to follow is one that is __________.
low in carbohydrates
An individual with heart disease would benefit the most from following a diet that is __________.
low in sodium, fats, and cholesterol
Suzanne is following a fad diet. She has started to experience low energy during her workouts, and on a recent trip to the doctor, she found out she has high cholesterol. Which fad diet is Suzanne most likely following?
low-carbohydrate
Which of the following BEST represent a good plan for decreasing your BMI?
measure your BMI; set goals; record your progress in a journal; when you reach a goal, give yourself a sensible reward
Paul has been clinically diagnosed with depression, so he takes a lot of prescription drugs. Based on this information, which of the following is most likely to influence his body composition?
medical problems
A kosher diet is an example of a diet that is based on __________.
morals and beliefs
Nancy eats 2,000 calories a day. She burns 500 during her workouts and 1,000 participating in her normal daily activities. How many more calories does she have to burn to lose weight?
more than 500
Luke is 5 feet 11 inches and weighs 170 pounds. Using the body mass index chart as a guide, under which category would he fall?
normal
People with a healthy body image will NOT __________.
obsess about features
Maintaining a healthy weight comes down to moderation and __________.
portions
Eating disorders are frequently accompanied by existing psychiatric and physical illness, including anxiety, obsessive behavior, depression, and __________.
substance abuse
Which of the following is NOT something an athlete needs in a healthy diet?
supplements
Family members cannot typically treat a loved one's eating disorder because __________.
they don't have enough knowledge or resources
The BEST use of the food pyramid would be __________.
to help determine a healthy eating pattern that represents a balanced diet
Explain the difference between essential body fat and storage body fat.
Essential body fat is found within our organs, bones, muscles, and nervous system. It is critical for normal functioning. Storage body fat is located around internal organs and directly below the skin and has numerous functions, such as minimizing heat gain and loss, reducing the impact that falls have on our organs, reducing the effects of aging, and supplying the body with energy when needed.
How many calories are the basis for the calculation of the percent daily values?
2,000
What is the purpose of a diet and why do most people diet?
A diet is a change in eating habits. People diet for many different reasons. The biggest reason is to lose weight.
How does a food pyramid help individuals eat a healthy diet?
A food pyramid makes suggestions on what food groups should be included in a healthy diet and what percentage of the diet each group should make up.
Which of the following statements is NOT a weight loss myth?
Effective and lasting weight loss means that weight gained over time should be lost over time.
A complete definition of body image includes how intelligent one believes him or herself to be.
False
Which of the following is NOT true about energy balance?
Inactive people use more energy so they should consume fewer calories.
Sanchez consumes a diet where he will not eat pork and will not eat meat with dairy products. He is most likely following this type of diet.
Kosher
Professional treatment for an eating disorder includes all of the following EXCEPT:
Physical Therapy
Why do most people begin a diet?
To lose weight
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
To lose weight, you must consume fewer calories than energy expended.
Which of the following is a symptom of Bulimia?
acid damage to the esophagus
Purging, excessive dieting, and excessive exercising are symptoms of __________.
bulimia nervosa
Which of the following is NOT true about the body mass index?
measures the percentage of one's body fat directly
Which of the following is the least likely way that peer groups influence a person's body image?
providing exposure to new foods
Body image is harder to maintain during adolescent years because __________.
the body goes through puberty
To set your intensity level, you need to __________.
use your maximum heart rate, which is determined by subtracting age from 220
Cameron learned that carrying more weight around the middle could put you at risk for certain conditions. She wants to use a body composition method to determine her body composition and also wants to know about weight distribution. Which method would be BEST to determine all she needs to know?
waist to hip ratio because it is not specific but helps determine weight distribution
List the health issues involved with binge eating disorder and explain how the disorder perpetuates itself.
Binge eating disorder causes people to become overweight. It also eventually leads to cardiovascular diseases and high blood pressure. The disorder perpetuates itself by creating feelings of extreme guilt in the person afflicted, which lowers resistance towards other episodes of frequent overeating.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about body composition?
Body composition is the percentage of fat to lean body mass.
Charlie had some tests done recently to assess his risk for certain diseases. The results showed that he has a waist circumference of 47 inches, a BMI of 29, and a normal skin fold measurement test. What should Charlie do?
Charlie should repeat the caliper test because it does not fit with the other information, and he should start an exercise routine and diet to reduce his body fat.
Dwane needs to be careful about eating carbohydrates. What type of diet could he be following?
Diabetic
Describe the difference between a healthy diet and dieting to lose weight.
Dieting is a meal plan set to accomplish a goal. Healthy diets are a lifelong quest for a balanced diet and proper nutrition.
Lisa reads so many magazines and they give her all kinds of advice on weight loss and fitness. Which piece of advice would be good for her to follow?
Eat frequent, low-calorie, small meals each day.