Unit 5 module test BIO-112 FTCC

Chemical cycling may involve all but which of the following?

All of the choices are correct

Clements proposed the climax-pattern model of succession. Governing factors for this model include

All of the choices are correct

Density-independent factors which play a role in regulating population size in nature include

All of the choices are correct

All of the abiotic conditions under which a species can survive when adverse biotic conditions are absent is know as its

Fundamental niche

The particular place where an organism lives is its

Habitat

A type II survivorship, drawn by plotting the number of individuals in a given population alive at the beginning of each interval, is characterized by

Individuals dying at a constant rate throughout time

Which of the following associations between organism and nutrient source is incorrect?

Humans- Carnivores

Which ocean current runs along the western coast of South America producing cold offshore winds?

Humboldt Current

All of the following are terrestrial biomes EXCEPT

Lentic systems

Which aquatic zone will provide a habitat for invertebrates and many small fish?

Littoral zone

If the Earth were standing still (not rotating) and was a solid, uniform ball, wind directions would

Run north and south

The tropical grassland in Africa is called the

Savanna

Chemosynthetic producers obtain energy by the oxidation of ammonia, nitrites, and sulfides, using this energy to make organic compounds True or False

True

Intrinsic factors, such as behavior and physiology, may affect growth rates of a population True or False

True

Many species are held below the environmental carrying capacity by predation True or False

True

Most species are intermediate between r-strategists and k-strategists, and tend to have a type II survivorship curve True or False

True

Organisms in all trophic levels may be consumed by decomposers True or False

True

Survivorship may be defined as the probability of newborn individuals of a cohort surviving to a particular age interval or as the proportion of the population surviving from the previous age interval True or False

True

The first species to begin secondary succession are called pioneer species, or colonizers True or False

True

Which of the following biomes is characterized by little rainfall permafrost, and an average temperature below 0 degrees Celsius?

Tundra

Approximately what percentage of the energy in one trophic level is incorporated into the next trophic level?

10%

All of the populations of all the different species interacting with one another in the same environment is called

A community

In the near future, the human population is predicted to involve

A decrease in growth in most, but not all, more-developed countries and continued growth in most less-developed countries

Temperate deciduous forests are characterized by

A growing season that ranges between 140 and 300 days

All of the following statements about population distribution are true EXCEPT

A population's distribution is calculated as the number of individuals per unit area

Which of the following factor(s) limit(s) exponential growth of a population?

All of these choices limit exponential growth

Opportunistic species

Are good dispensers and colonizers of new habitats

Energy flow in an ecosystem begins with

Autotrophs

The portion of a lake or stream that harbors worms, clams, and other organisms is the

Benthic zone

Major regional groups of interacting terrestrial ecosystems, characterized by climate and geography, are called

Biomes

An ecosystem contains

Both the biotic and the abiotic components of the local environment.

The temperature is nearly uniform throughout a lake

By the end of the fall and spring overturn

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

Carbon monoxide

Population size levels off at the ______ of an environment

Carrying capacity

The frequent change in HIV surface proteins is a type of

Coevolution

A small marine amphipod has recently been discovered that carries a bad-tasting organism on its back, which is contrary to its normal behavior. If a fish ingests the pair, it immediately spits them back out. If the amphipod is alone, however, it is readily eaten. There is no apparent benefit or harm in this relationship for the "backpack" organism. This is probably a case of

Commensalism

_____ is the interaction between two species as both attempt to use the same environmental resources that are in limited supply

Competition

The sequence of decreased death rate followed by a decrease in birthrate is called

Demographic transition

A pond represents a(n) _______ while the minnows represent a(n) ______

Ecosystem; population

In what order do these layers occur in deep lakes in the temperate zone during the summer?

Epilimnion- Thermocline- Hypolimnion

Due to its high productivity and biological diversity, this biome is considered the "nursery" of the sea

Estuary

Ecologist Robert MacArthur observed that five species of similar warblers coexisted on spruce trees because they

Foraged in different places on the tree canopy

A rain shadow is the region where heavy condensation precipitates out, as warm, moist air rises and then cools on the windward side of mountain ranges True or False

False

All food chains begin with a photosynthetic producer True or False

False

Hurricanes and other severe precipitation events have started becoming weaker and less intense as a result of climate change True or False

False

Parasitism, competition, and predation are density-independent factors that help control population size True or False

False

Since the population of the LDCs is still growing at a significant rate, one would correctly assume that the LDCs consume a much larger proportion of the Earth's resources True or False

False

The basic level of an ecological study always begins by looking at how populations interact with each other True or False

False

The relationship between plants and their pollinators is a good example of parasitism

False

Zero population growth will be achieved as soon as couples have only replacement reproduction, with two children per couple True or False

False

Which region of the Earth receives the least amount of solar radiation during the December winter solstice?

Northern Hemisphere

Bangladesh has 2,596 persons per square mile, while the United States has 780 persons per square mile and Canada has 9 persons per square mile. These statistics compare the _____ of these countries.

Population densities

_____ occurs when one living organisms feeds on another

Predation

In a grazing food chain,

Primary consumers eat photosynthetic organisms

The part of a body of water where light does not penetrate is the

Profundal zone

The actual conditions under which an organism exists in nature constitutes its

Realized niche

Which of the following statements about stratified temperate zone lakes is NOT true?

Rich nutrients from the continual production of detritus accumulate near the surface of the lake

Which of the following statement(s) about the hydrologic cycle is (are) true?

Some water evaporates from land and from plants

All of the following factors will keep a population from growing at its biotic potential EXCEPT

Successful reproduction of its members

What is the main reason that the oceans play a larger role than land masses in determining the temperature of air masses?

The ocean holds its temperature longer than land masses