Unit 5: Types of Agriculture

un millennium sustainable development goals

Goals to improve the world by 2030

Pastoral Nomadism

LDC: A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals usually in dry areas

intensive subsistence rice dominant

LDC: A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land. Rice is about 1/2 of all products grown in South & East Asia

shifting cultivation

LDC: A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.

slash and burn agriculture

LDC: Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris.

subsistence farming

LDC: an agricultural practice that produces just enough food for a farmer's family

Ranching

MDC: A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area with cows and sheep or are herded in mass quantities at factory farms

Grain Farming (Cereal)

MDC: A type of commercial agriculture, is considered extensive and mechanized, that produces mainly wheat.

Agribusiness

MDC: Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.

mixed crop and livestock farming

MDC: Commercial farming characterized by the integration of crops and livestock; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans.

Aquaculture

MDC: Raising marine and freshwater fish in ponds and underwater cages

Mediterranean Farming

MDC: Southern Europe, Southern California, Southern Africa -Grows olives, grapes, fruits, vegetables

Commercial Gardening

MDC: The intensive production of nontropical fruits, vegetables, and flowers for sale off the farm.

crop rotation

MDC: The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

dairy farming

MDC: a farm that produces milk or milk products, most commonly with cows...in LDC this is most common with goat milk

commercial farming

MDC: growing large quantities of crops or livestock in order to sell them for a profit

food security & the United Nations millennium sustainable development goals

Physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

commodity

agricultural product that can be bought and sold, such as corn, wheat or coffee.

commodity chain

series of links connecting the many places of production and distribution and resulting in a commodity that is then exchanged on the world market

crop yield

the total quantity of crop that the land produces