Unit 5: Types of Agriculture
un millennium sustainable development goals
Goals to improve the world by 2030
Pastoral Nomadism
LDC: A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals usually in dry areas
intensive subsistence rice dominant
LDC: A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land. Rice is about 1/2 of all products grown in South & East Asia
shifting cultivation
LDC: A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.
slash and burn agriculture
LDC: Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris.
subsistence farming
LDC: an agricultural practice that produces just enough food for a farmer's family
Ranching
MDC: A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area with cows and sheep or are herded in mass quantities at factory farms
Grain Farming (Cereal)
MDC: A type of commercial agriculture, is considered extensive and mechanized, that produces mainly wheat.
Agribusiness
MDC: Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.
mixed crop and livestock farming
MDC: Commercial farming characterized by the integration of crops and livestock; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans.
Aquaculture
MDC: Raising marine and freshwater fish in ponds and underwater cages
Mediterranean Farming
MDC: Southern Europe, Southern California, Southern Africa -Grows olives, grapes, fruits, vegetables
Commercial Gardening
MDC: The intensive production of nontropical fruits, vegetables, and flowers for sale off the farm.
crop rotation
MDC: The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.
dairy farming
MDC: a farm that produces milk or milk products, most commonly with cows...in LDC this is most common with goat milk
commercial farming
MDC: growing large quantities of crops or livestock in order to sell them for a profit
food security & the United Nations millennium sustainable development goals
Physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
commodity
agricultural product that can be bought and sold, such as corn, wheat or coffee.
commodity chain
series of links connecting the many places of production and distribution and resulting in a commodity that is then exchanged on the world market
crop yield
the total quantity of crop that the land produces