Unit 9
A sample of gas occupies a volume of 50.0 milliliters in a cylinder with a movable piston. The pressure of the sample is 0.90 atmosphere and the temperature is 298 K. What is the volume of the sample at STP? (1) 41 mL (3) 51 mL (2) 49 mL (4) 55 mL
1
A sealed, rigid l.0-liter cylinder contains He gas at STP. An identical sealed cylinder contains Ne gas at STP. These two cylinders contain the same number of (1) atoms (2) electrons (3) ions (4) protons
1
According to the kinetic molecular theory for an ideal gas, all gas particles (1) are in random, constant, straight-line motion (2) are separated by very small distances relative to their sizes (3) have strong intermolecular forces (4) have collisions that decrease the total energy of the system
1
As the pressure on the surface of a liquid decreases, the temperature at which the liquid will boil (1) decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same
1
At STP, 1.0 liter of helium contains the same total number of atoms as (1) 1.0 L of Ne (3) 0.5 L of Rn (2) 2.0 L of Kr (4) 1.5 L of Ar
1
At the same temperature and pressure, which sample contains the same number of moles of particles as 1 liter of O2(g)? (1) 1 L Ne(g) (3) 0.5 L SO2(g) (2) 2 L N2(g) (4) 1 L H2O(ℓ)
1
The kinetic molecular theory assumes that the particles of an ideal gas (1) are in random, constant, straight-line motion (2) are arranged in a regular geometric pattern (3) have strong attractive forces between them (4) have collisions that result in the system losing energy
1
The solid and liquid phases of water can exist in a state of equilibrium at 1 atmosphere of pressure and a temperature of (1) 0°C (3) 273°C (2) 100°C (4) 373°C
1
When a sample of gas is cooled in a sealed, rigid container, the pressure the gas exerts on the walls of the container will decrease because the gas particles hit the walls of the container (1) less often and with less force (2) less often and with more force (3) more often and with less force (4) more often and with more force
1
Which sample of water contains particles having the highest average kinetic energy? (1) 25 mL of water at 95°C (2) 45 mL of water at 75°C (3) 75 mL of water at 75°C (4) 95 mL of water at 25°C
1
Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas based on the kinetic molecular theory? (1) The gas particles are relatively far apart and have negligible volume. (2) The gas particles are in constant, nonlinear motion. (3) The gas particles have attractive forces between them. (4) The gas particles have collisions without transferring energy.
1
Determine the volume of 2.00 M HCl(aq) solution required to completely neutralize 20.0 milliliters of 1.00 M NaOH(aq) solution. [1]
10.0mL work MaVa=MbVb 2.00M (Va) =1.00M(20.0mL)
A cylinder with a movable piston contains a sample of gas having a volume of 6.0 liters at 293 K and 1.0 atmosphere. What is the volume of the sample after the gas is heated to 303 K, while the pressure is held at 1.0 atmosphere? (1) 9.0 L (3) 5.8 L (2) 6.2 L (4) 4.0 L
2
A real gas behaves least like an ideal gas under the conditions of (1) low temperature and low pressure (2) low temperature and high pressure (3) high temperature and low pressure (4) high temperature and high pressure
2
A rigid cylinder with a movable piston contains 50.0 liters of a gas at 30.0�C with a pressure of 1.00 atmosphere. What is the volume of the gas in the cylinder at STP? (1) 5.49 L (3) 55.5 L (2) 45.0 L (4) 455 L
2
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement describes the particles in a sample of an ideal gas? (1) The force of attraction between the gas particles is strong. (2) The motion of the gas particles is random and straight-line. (3) The collisions between the gas particles cannot result in a transfer of energy between the particles. (4) The separation between the gas particles is smaller than the size of the gas particles themselves.
2
As the temperature of a liquid increases, its vapor pressure (1) decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same
2
At which temperature is the vapor pressure of ethanol equal to 80. kPa? (1) 48°C (3) 80. °C (2) 73°C (4) 101 °C
2
At which temperature is the vapor pressure of ethanol equal to the vapor pressure of propanone at 35°C? (1) 35°C (3) 82°C (2) 60.°C (4) 95°C
2
Compared to the freezing point and boiling point of water at 1 atmosphere, a solution of a salt and water at 1 atmosphere has a (1) lower freezing point and a lower boiling point (2) lower freezing point and a higher boiling point (3) higher freezing point and a lower boiling point (4) higher freezing point and a higher boiling point
2
In which process does a solid change directly into a vapor? (1) condensation (3) deposition (2) sublimation (4) solidification
2
The concept of an ideal gas is used to explain (1) the mass of a gas sample (2) the behavior of a gas sample (3) why some gases are monatomic (4) why some gases are diatomic
2
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does oxygen gas behave least like an ideal gas? (1) low temperature and low pressure (2) low temperature and high pressure (3) high temperature and low pressure (4) high temperature and high pressure
2
Which gas sample at STP has the same number of molecules as a 2.0-liter sample of Cl2(g) at STP? (1) 1.0 L of NH3(g) (3) 3.0 L of CO2(g) (2) 2.0 L of CH4(g) (4) 4.0 L of NO(g)
2
Which gas sample at STP has the same total number of molecules as 2.0 liters of CO2(g) at STP? (1) 5.0 L of CO2(g) (3) 3.0 L of H2S(g) (2) 2.0 L of Cl2(g) (4) 6.0 L of He(g)
2
Which pair represents two forms of an element in the same phase at STP but with different structures and different properties? (1) I2(s) and I2(g) (3) H2(g) and Hg (g) (2) O2(g) and O3(g) (4) H2O(s) and H2O(l)
2
Which rigid cylinder contains the same number of gas molecules at STP as a 2.0-liter rigid cylinder containing H2(g) at STP? (1) 1.0-L cylinder of O2(g) (2) 2.0-L cylinder of CH4(g) (3) 1.5-L cylinder of NH3(g) (4) 4.0-L cylinder of He(g)
2
Which sample at STP has the same number of molecules as 5 liters of NO2(g) at STP? (1) 5 grams of H2(g) (2) 5 liters of CH4(g) (3) 5 moles of O2(g) (4) 5 × 1023 molecules of CO2(g)
2
Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas according to the kinetic molecular theory? (1) The gas particles are arranged in a regular geometric pattern. (2) The gas particles are in random, constant, straight-line motion. (3) The gas particles are separated by very small distances, relative to their sizes. (4) The gas particles are strongly attracted to each other.
2
Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas, based on the kinetic molecular theory? (1) The motion of the gas particles is orderly and circular. (2) The gas particles have no attractive forces between them. (3) The gas particles are larger than the distances separating them. (4) As the gas particles collide, the total energy of the system decreases.
2
Which substance has the lowest vapor pressure at 75°C? (1) water (3) propanone (2) ethanoic acid (4) ethanol
2
A gas occupies a volume of 444 mL at 273 K and 79.0 kPa. What is the final kelvin temperature when the volume of the gas is changed to 1880 mL and the pressure is changed to 38.7 kPa? (1) 31.5 K (3) 566 K (2) 292 K (4) 2360 K
3
A sample of a gas is contained in a closed rigid cylinder. According to kinetic molecular theory, what occurs when the gas inside the cylinder is heated? (1) The number of gas molecules increases. (2) The number of collisions between gas molecules per unit time decreases. (3) The average velocity of the gas molecules increases. (4) The volume of the gas decreases
3
A sample of helium gas has a volume of 900. milliliters and a pressure of 2.50 atm at 298 K. What is the new pressure when the temperature is changed to 336 K and the volume is decreased to 450. milliliters? (1) 0.177 atm (3) 5.64 atm (2) 4.43 atm (4) 14.1 atm
3
A solution consists of 0.50 mole of CaCl2 dissolved in 100. grams of H20 at 25°C. Compared to the boiling point and freezing point of 100. grams of H20 at standard pressure. the solution at standard pressure has (1) a lower boiling point and a lower freezing point (2) a lower boiling point and a higher freezing point (3) a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point (4) a higher boiling point and a higher freezing point
3
According to Reference Table H, what is the vapor pressure of propanone at 45°C? (1) 22 kPa (3) 70. kPa (2) 33 kPa (4) 98 kPa
3
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the molecules of an ideal gas (1) have a strong attraction for each other (2) have significant volume (3) move in random, constant, straight-line motion (4) are closely packed in a regular repeating pattern
3
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement describes an ideal gas? (1) The gas particles are diatomic (2) Energy is created when the gas particles collide (3) There are no attractive forces between the gas particles (4) The distance between the gas particles is small, compared to their size.
3
Compared to the boiling point and the freezing point of water at 1 atmosphere, a 1.0 M CaCl2(aq) solution at 1 atmosphere has a (1) lower boiling point and a lower freezing point (2) lower boiling point and a higher freezing point (3) higher boiling point and a lower freezing point (4) higher boiling point and a higher freezing point
3
Helium is most likely to behave as an ideal gas when it is under (1) high pressure and high temperature (2) high pressure and low temperature (3) low pressure and high temperature (4) low pressure and low temperature
3
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does a real gas behave most like an ideal gas? (1) low temperature and low pressure (2) low temperature and high pressure (3) high temperature and low pressure (4) high temperature and high pressure
3
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does a sample of neon behave most like an ideal gas? (1) 100 K and 0.25 atm (2) 100 K and 25 atm (3) 400 K and 0.25 atm (4) 400 K and 25 atm
3
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does carbon dioxide gas behave most like an ideal gas? (1) low temperature and low pressure (2) low temperature and high pressure (3) high temperature and low pressure (4) high temperature and high pressure
3
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a 1-liter sample of a real gas behave most like an ideal gas? (1) 100 K and 0.1 atm (2) 100 K and 10 atm (3) 500 K and 0.1 atm (4) 500 K and 10 atm
3
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a real gas behave most like an ideal gas? (1) 200. K and 50.0 kPa (2) 200. K and 200.0 kPa (3) 600. K and 50.0 kPa (4) 600. K and 200.0 kPa
3
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a sample of H2(g) behave most like an ideal gas? (1) 0°C and 100 kPa (2) 0°C and 300 kPa (3) 150°C and 100 kPa (4) 150°C and 300 kPa
3
Which compound is formed from its elements by an exothermic reaction at 298 K and 101.3 kPa? (1) C2H4(g) (2) HI(g) (3) H2O(g) (4) NO2(g)
3
Which statement describes oxygen gas, O2(g), and ozone gas, O3(g)? (1) They have different molecular structures, only. (2) They have different properties, only. (3) They have different molecular structures and different properties. (4) They have the same molecular structure and the same properties.
3
A 220.0-mL sample of helium gas is in a cylinder with a movable piston at 105 kPa and 275 K. The piston is pushed in until the sample has a volume of 95.0 mL. The new temperature of the gas is 310. K. What is the new pressure of the sample? (1) 5l.1 kPa (2) 216 kPa (3) 243 kPa (4) 274 kPa
4
A reaction will most likely occur if the colliding particles have the proper (1) mass, only (2) mass and volume (3) orientation, only (4) orientation and energy
4
A rigid cylinder contains a sample of gas at STP. What is the pressure of this gas after the sample is heated to 410 K? (1) 1.0 atm (3) 0.67 atm (2) 0.50 atm (4) 1.5 atm
4
A sample of chlorine gas is at 300. K and 1.00 atmosphere. At which temperature and pressure would the sample be have more like an ideal gas? (1) 0 K and 1.00 atm (2) 150. K and 0.50 atm (3) 273 K and .1.00 atm (4) 600. K and 0 .50 atm
4
A sample of gas is held at constant pressure. Increasing the Kelvin temperature of this gas sample causes the average kinetic energy of its molecules to (1) decrease and the volume of the gas sample to decrease (2) decrease and the volume of the gas sample to increase (3) increase and the volume of the gas sample to decrease (4) increase and the volume of the gas sample to increase
4
According to kinetic molecular theory, collisions between gas particles in a sample of an ideal gas (1) increase the energy content of the gas sample (2) produce strong attractive forces between the gas particles (3) result in a net loss of energy by the gas sample (4) transfer energy between the gas particles
4
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the particles of an ideal gas (1) have no potential energy (2) have strong intermolecular forces (3) are arranged in a regular, repeated geometric pattern (4) are separated by great distances, compared to their size
4
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement describes the particles or an ideal gas? (1) The gas particles arc arranged in a regular pattern. (2) The force of attraction between the gas particles is strong. (3) The gas particles are hard spheres in continuous circular motion. (4) The collisions of the gas particles may result in the transfer of energy.
4
At 101.3 kPa and 298 K, a 1.0-mole sample of which compound absorbs the greatest amount of heat as the entire sample dissolves in water? (1) LiBr (3) NaOH (2) NaCl (4) NH4Cl
4
At 25°C, gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable piston has a volume of 145 mL and a pressure of 125 kPa. Then the gas is compressed to a volume of 80. mL. What is the new pressure of the gas if the temperature is held at 25°C? (1) 69 kPa (3) 160 kPa (2) 93 kPa (4) 230 kPa
4
At STP, 4 liters of O2 contains the same total number of molecules as (1) 1 L of NH3 (3) 8 L of He (2) 2 L of Cl2 (4) 4 L of CO2
4
The concentration of a solution can be expressed in (1) kelvins (2) milliliters (3) joules per kilogram (4) moles per liter
4
The vapor pressure of a liquid is 0.92 atm at 60°C. The normal boiling point of the liquid could be (1) 35°C (3) 55°C (2) 45°C (4) 65°C
4
What is the total amount of heat required to vaporize 1.00 gram of H2O(g) at 100.0C and 1 atmosphere? (1) 4.18 J (2) 334 J (3) 373 J (4) 2260 J
4
Which Kelvin temperature is equal to 200.oC? (1) -73 K (2) 73 K (3) 200. K (4) 473 K
4
Which sample has particles with the lowest average kinetic energy? (1) 1.0 g of I2 at 50.°C (2) 2.0 g of I2 at 30.°C (3) 7.0 g of I2 at 40.°C (4) 9.0 g of I2 at 20.°C
4
Which two samples of gas at STP contain the same total number of molecules? (1) 1 L of CO(g) and 0.5 L of N2(g) (2) 2 L of CO(g) and 0.5 L of NH3(g) (3) 1 L of H2(g) and 2 L of Cl2(g) (4) 2 L of H2(g) and 2 L of Cl2(g)
4
State, in terms of molecular polarity, why ethanol is soluble in water
Both water and ethanol are polar
At the same temperature and pressure, 1.0 liter of CO(g) and 1.0 liter of CO2(g) have A. equal masses and the same number of molecules B. different masses and a different number of molecules C. equal volumes and the same number of molecules D. different volumes and a different number of molecules
C
A real gas behaves more like an ideal gas when the gas molecules are A. close and have strong attractive forces between them B. close and have weak attractive forces between them C. far apart and have strong attractive forces between them D. far apart and have weak attractive forces between them
D
