Unit 9 Review

Name the 3 domains...

Bacteria which includes single celled prokaryotes- classified by shape, their need for oxygen, and if they cause disease. Archaea are singled celled prokaryotes - known for their ability to live in extreme environments. Eukarya is made up of all organisms with eukaryotic cells. They include Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?

Biotic factors are living things. Abiotic factors are nonliving things.

Which scientist helps to create the classification systems?

Carl Linnaeus

Name the 3 different types of consumers and explain how they are different.

Carnivore- an animal that eats meat. Omnivore- an animal that meat and plants. Herbivore- an animal that only eats plants.

What is a food chain? Food web?

Food webs are models that show the complex network of feeding relationships and the flow of energy within an ecosystem. Food chain a single path of energy through a food web.

Review the cycles....

Hydrologic cycle also known as the water cycle, is the circular pathway of water on Earth from the atmosphere, to the surface, below ground and back. Biogeochemical cycle - is the movement of a particular chemical through the biological and geological - living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Oxygen cycle - all organisms need oxygen for cellular respiration. Oxygen is also indirectly transferred through an ecosystem by the cycling of nutrients, including carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Carbon cycle- is the building block of life - it is the key structure of all organisms on the planet. Nitrogen cycle - makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere is made of nitrogen gas. Phosphorus cycle begins with phosphate being released by the weathering of rocks.

7 levels of classification

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species - ( King Phillip Came Over For Ginger Snaps)

What are the kingdoms?

Kingdoms - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya, Viruses, Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals

What is the difference between the lytic and lysogenic systems?

Lytic cycle is an infection pathway in which the host cell bursts, releasing the new viral offspring into the host system. Lysogenic infection a phage combines its DNA into the hosts cell's DNA.

Name the 3 types of symbiotic relationships and describe their relationships.

Mutualism- is an interspecies in which both organisms benefits from one another. Commensalism -is a relationship between two organisms in which one receives an ecological benefit from another, while the other species is neither harmed nor benefited. Parasitism- is a relationship that one organism benefits while the other is harmed.

Name the levels of organizations.

Organism- is an individual living thing. Population- is a group of the same species that live in one area. Community- is a group of different species that live together in one area. Ecosystem- includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks, and other nonliving things in the given area. Biome- is a major regional or global community of organisms.

Review the properties of Plants and Animals....

Plants Plants are multicellular eukaryotes, which produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Examples of plants: Club mosses Whisk ferns, horsetails, and ferns Hornworts Conifers Flowering plants Animals All animals are multicellular heterotrophs. All animals are supported by collagen, which is a 3 stranded protein unique to animals. Animals are diploid and usually reproduce sexually. Body plans Vertebrate are animals with an internal segmented backbone Invertebrates are animals without a backbone.

Taxonomy and Taxon define

Taxonomy is the science of naming and classifying organisms. Taxon is a group of organisms in a classification system.

How do decomposers function?

are detritivores that break down organic matter into simpler compounds.

Detritivores are...

are organisms that eat dead organic matter.

What are consumers and what is another name for consumers?

are organisms that get their energy by eating other living or once living resources. Heterotroph is another word for consumers.

What are producers and what is another name for producers?

are organisms that make their own food. Autotroph is another word for producers.

Describe trophic levels....

are the levels of nourishment in a food chain. Primary consumers are herbivores because they are the first consumer above the producer trophic level. Secondary consumers are carnivores that eat herbivores. Tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat secondary consumers. Quinary Consumer are carnivores that eat tertiary consumers.

What is bacteriophage?

are viruses that infect bacteria.

What is symbiosis?

is a close ecological relationship between two or more organisms of different species that live in direct contact with one another.

What is binomial nomenclature?

is a system that gives each species a two - part scientific name using Latin words.

What is an ecological niche?

is composed of all of the physical, chemical, and biological factors that a species need to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce.

What is a habitat?

is described as all of the biotic and abiotic factors in the area where an organism lives.

What's competition?

occurs when two organisms fight for the same limited resources.

What is predation?

the process by which one organism captures and feeds upon another organism.

What is Ecology?

the study of the interactions among living things and between living things and their surroundings.