Unit III Test
More
"(Less/more) people die every year from smoking than from murder, AIDS, suicide, drugs, car crashes, and alcohol, combined."
Active
(Active/passive) euthanasia is taking specific steps to cause a patient's death
Passive
(Active/passive) euthanasia is withdrawaling medical treatment with the intention of causing a patient's death...
Chronic
(Acute/chronic) stress affects the ability of the immune cells to respond to hormones that normally regulate inflammation
Do not
(Do not/do) insert objects such as cotton-tipped applicators into the ear
Illness
(General/illness) related tasks may involve losing independence and control, handling pain, and carrying out medical routines
Hospice
(Palliative/hospice) care is provided for people with a limited life expectancy (under 6 months) and often takes place at home
Palliative
(Palliative/hospice) care views dying as something natural and personal
Parasympathetic
(Parasympathetic/sympathetic) nervous system functions under normal conditions and at rest
Sympathetic
(Parasympathetic/sympathetic) nervous system functions under stress conditions and brings out the fight or flight response
Poor
(Poor/solid) self concept diminishes personal growth
Solid
(Poor/solid) self concept improves personal growth
Anger
A 38-year-old homosexual man recently diagnosed with AIDS and says "My parents are fundamentalists...all I ever heard at home was how much Jesus loves me ... all the while my mom was beating the daylights out of me.... Does He love me? Does He love me so much that He had my parents throw me out when I finally told them I was gay? Does He love me so much that I got AIDS and now no one comes near me?" (example of spiritual _________)
Loss
A 40-year-old mother of three sons who was diagnosed with ovarian cancer 18 months ago; currently in advanced stage of disease and says "I've tried hard to do it all right ... I read my Bible, prayed every day, went to church each Sunday, loved my husband and kids ... why is this all happening to me? Why must I lose it all?" She claims that no one can help her now. (example of spiritual _____)
Pain
A 46-year-old woman, agnostic, only son died 6 months ago (lung cancer) and she says "My son was my whole life; there's nothing left for me to live for." (example of spiritual _____)
Alienation
A 72-year-old Orthodox Jewish man, recently admitted to Protestant long-term care facility following 3-week hospitalization for stroke. He says "I guess Yahweh has written me off; first the stroke that killed half my body and then I'm abandoned here where I can't even observe the Sabbath." (example of spiritual _______)
True
A false self might develop in individuals who have the emotional need to respond to the needs and ambitions that significant people, such as parents, have for them (true or false)
Repression
A father may not remember shaking his crying baby (what defense mechanism)
Fear
A feeling of dread; a cognitive response to a known threat
Terminal weaning
A gradual withdrawal of mechanical ventilation
Aldosterone
A hormone that regulates our fluid and electrolyte levels; it retains water in the body during an alarm reaction
Undoing
A husband who was physically abusive to his wife may bring her an expensive present the next day (what defense mechanism)
Anticipate and plan for challenges you'll face while quitting
A in START acronym for smokers trying to quit
Hypoxia
A lack of oxygen necessary to keep up with body demands
Inflammatory response
A local response to injury or infection that serves to localize and prevent the spread of infection as well as to promote wound healing
Reaction formation
A married woman is attracted to her husband's best friend but is constantly rude to him (what defense mechanism)
Varenicline
A medication that stimulates nicotine receptors more weakly than nicotine itself does
Self concept
A mental image or picture of oneself that has the power to change one's personal growth
Biofeedback
A method of gaining mental control of the autonomic nervous system and thus regulating our body's responses
Competence
A nurse asks a patient: "How important is it to you to believe that your work has value to others?" Which aspect of self-esteem might this nurse be assessing?
False
A patient who does not belong to an organized religion does not have spiritual needs that can be addressed by the nursing practice (true or false)
Rationalization
A patient who forgot to keep a health care appointment says, "If patients didn't have to wait 3 months to get an appointment, they wouldn't forget them (what defense mechanism)
Deprivation
A patient with AIDS may receive an insufficient quantity or quality of stimuli causing sensory (deprivation/overload)
Compensation
A person attempts to overcome a perceived weakness by emphasizing a more desirable trait or overachieving in a more comfortable area (what defense mechanism)
Projection
A person attributes thoughts or impulses to someone else (what defense mechanism)
Reaction formation
A person develops conscious attitudes and behavior patterns that are opposite to what he or she would really like to do (what defense mechanism)
Introjection
A person incorporates qualities or values of another person into his or her own ego structure. This mechanism is important in the formation of conscience during childhood (what defense mechanism)
Dissociation depersonalization
A person is not connected to themselves and they have feelings of very low self worth
Denial
A person refuses to acknowledge the presence of a condition that is disturbing (what defense mechanism)
Regression
A person returns to an earlier method of behaving (what defense mechanism)
Dissociation
A person subconsciously protects him- or herself from the memories of a horrific or painful event by allowing the mind to forget the incident (what defense mechanism)
Sublimation
A person substitutes a socially acceptable goal for one whose normal channel of expression is blocked (what defense mechanism)
Displacement
A person transfers an emotional reaction from one object or person to another object or person (what defense mechanism)
Rationalization
A person tries to give a logical or socially acceptable explanation for questionable behavior (what defense mechanism)
Undoing
A person uses an act or communication to negate a previous act or communication (what defense mechanism)
Repression
A person voluntarily excludes an anxiety-producing event from conscious awareness (what defense mechanism)
Projection
A person who denies any sexual feelings for a coworker accuses him of sexual harassment (what defense mechanism)
Anxiety
A person who has spiritual _____ may question whether their actions led them to this illness
Sublimation
A person who is aggressive toward others may become a star football player (what defense mechanism)
Asexual
A person who lacks sexual attraction to others
Brain
A person with a minimally conscious state may be suffering from a _______ injury
Visceral
A person with diabetes may experience a loss of the sense of their ______ organs, therefore they may not feel chest pain when experiencing a heart attack
Most
A person's "top label" of themselves is usually what the person values as the (least/most) important
Affirming
A person's religion that enhances life, gives meaning and purpose to existence, strengthens self, and are health giving and life sustaining is said to be life (affirming/denying)
Denying
A person's religion that restricts or encloses life patterns, limits experiences and associations, and places burdens of guilt on individuals is said to be life (affirming/denying)
Survival, growth, development, and experiences
A person's senses are vital to ____, ____, ____, and ________
Reticular activating system (RAS)
A poorly defined network that extends from the hypothalamus to the medulla and mediates our level of arousal
Vaginismus
A rare condition in which the vaginal opening closes tightly and prevents penile penetration
Shock and disbelief
A refusal to accept the fact of the loss followed by a stunned or numb response (what stage of Engel's stages of grief)
Reflex pain response
A response of the CNS to pain that involves both sensory and motor neurons
False self
A sense of self that might develop in individuals who have the emotional need to respond to the needs and ambitions that significant people, such as parents, have for them
Disturbed sensory perception
A state in which the individual or group experiences or is at risk for a change in the amount, pattern, or interpretation of incoming stimuli
Compensation
A student who has difficulty with academics may excel in sports (what defense mechanism)
Religion
A term used to describe cultural or institutional religion
Local
A trauma or pathologic condition can result in (local/general) adaptation syndrome
Durable power of attorney for health care
A type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf in the event that the person making the appointment loses decision-making capacity
Lower
Ability to adapt to stress is (lower/higher) in the very young and old
Role performance
Ability to successfully execute societal expectations regarding role-specific behaviors
Toddler
Able to identify own gender (what stage of development)
My life, my quit
An enhanced tobacco and vaping cessation program for teens under age 18 who want to stop using tobacco products, especially electronic cigarettes like JUUL
Life change
An event in a person's life that requires energy for adaptation
Physician order for life sustaining treatment (POLST)
An important form for people who are going to be out of the hospital and want people to know their health care wishes in the event that something happens
Transgender
An inclusive term used to describe those who feel that the sex assigned to them at birth incompletely describes or fails to describe them
Personal identity
An individual's conscious sense of who he or she is
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
An infection of the reproductive organs that can cause irregular menstrual bleeding
Young
An intact body image is important to the (young/old) child who fears bodily mutation
Introjection
An older sibling tells his preschool sister not to talk to strangers, expressing his parents' values to his younger sister (what defense mechanism)
Do no resuscitate (DNR) order
An order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest
Allow natural death (AND) order
An order that no attempts are to be made to resuscitate a patient who stops breathing or whose heart stops beating
Comfort measures only order
An order written to indicate that the goal of treatment is a comfortable, dignified death and that further life-sustaining measures are no longer indicated
Anxiety
An uneasy feeling of discomfort or dread
Erogenous zones
Areas of the body that produce sexual desire and arousal when stimulated
Personal faith, spiritual contentment, and religious practices
As nurses, we want to ensure that someone's ______, ______, and ________ are providing enough energy to support them through the severity of illness, stressful life events, and social support
Catholic
As of 2014-2015, 26% of individuals in the Philadelphia Metro Area identify as what religion
Christian
As of 2014-2015, 68% of individuals in the Philadelphia Metro Area identify as what religion
Decrease
As one ages and becomes an older adult, they have a (decrease/increase) in vision, hearing, and sense of touch
Role performance
Asking "how do you feel about your ability to do all the things your roles demand of you" assesses an individual's ______
Personal identity
Asking "how would you describe yourself to others" assesses an individual's ________
Body image
Asking "what do you like the most/least about your body" assesses an individual's _________
Unconscious
Asleep, stupor, coma, and vegetative state are all (unconscious/conscious) states
Experience
Aspects of spirituality include an ______ as a unifying force
Guilt
Based on behaviors incongruent with the ideal self (which of the 3 major self-evaluation feelings)
Pride
Based on positive self-evaluation (which of the 3 major self-evaluation feelings)
Sensoristasis
Arousal state of the reticular activating system; general drive state
Yes
As a nurse, should you allow patients to share their fears
True
As a nurse, you should utilize the patient's name regardless of their level of consciousness and tell the patient what you are going to do before proceeding (true or false)
Love
Connectedness with others
Sensory perception
Conscious process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting data from the senses into meaningful information Sensory/perceptual alteration disturbance in the body's ability to receive or process data from its internal or external environment
Menopause
Decrease of cyclic hormonal production and cessation of menses in females, usually between ages 45 and 60 years
Unconscious
Defense mechanisms are (unconscious/conscious) reactions to stress
Mild-moderate
Defense mechanisms protect a person's self esteem and are useful in _____-_____ anxiety
Yes
Does a person's expectations for themselves change as they develop and gain experience?
Yes
Does nicotine change the brain's chemistry and affect the brain's reward system
No
Does someone who has delirium always delirious?
Yes
Does thirdhand smoke pose the same health risks as first or secondhand smoke
Chemical
Drugs and poison are examples of ____ agents
Authority, scripture, ethical, expectations
Each formal religion has a basis of _________ or source of power, their own ____________, an ________ code that defines right vs wrong, and ______
Self esteem
Each person must feel loved and a sense of belonging in order to have ____
False
Everything in a patient's room should be black and white in order to increase sensory stimulation (true or false)
True
If a patient is hallucinating, reassure them that they are safe and gently try to reorient them (true or false)
Low
If a person has a (low/high) self esteem, the ideal self is far away from the real self
Self actualization
If an individual has ________, they are satisfied with their life
Self concept
If an individual has a positive _________, they think positively about themselves but they realize there are still some things they would like to achieve
Positive
If basic needs are met, child has(negative/positive) feelings of self
1
Level ____ of sexual history: part of the comprehensive health history, obtained by a nurse
4
Level ____ of sexual history: psychiatric/psychosocial history, obtained by a psychiatric nurse clinician
2
Level ____ of sexual history: sexual history, obtained by a nurse trained in sexuality
3
Level ____ of sexual history: sexual problem history, obtained by a sex therapist
Panic anxiety
Level of anxiety that causes a person to lose control and experience dread/terror and results in distorted perceptions of events as well as loss of rational thought
Severe anxiety
Level of anxiety that creates a very narrow focus on the specific details causing all behavior to be geared toward getting relief from the current perceived threat
Mild anxiety
Level of anxiety that helps us with problem solving
Moderate anxiety
Level of anxiety that is manifested by a quivering voice, tremors, increased muscle tension, and a slight increase in pulse
Panic anxiety
Level of anxiety that is manifested by difficulty communicating, trembling, agitation, sensory changes, high heart rate; this level of anxiety can lead to exhaustion
Severe anxiety
Level of anxiety that is manifested by impaired learning ability, extreme fear of danger that is not real, difficulty communicating verbally, increased motor activity, headache, nausea, and hyperventilation
Mild anxiety
Level of anxiety that is present in day to day living; it increases alertness and motivates us to learn and grow
Moderate anxiety
Level of anxiety that narrow a person's perceptual field so that focus is on the immediate concern with inattention to other details
Cannot
Local adaptation syndrome (cannot/can) sustain long periods of homeostatic regulation
Short
Local adaptation syndrome is primarily a (short/long) term adaptive response
Inflammatory response
Localized response of the body to injury or infection; protective mechanism that eliminates invading pathogens and allows for tissue repair to occur
Local adaptation syndrome (LAS)
Localized response of the body to stress that involves only one specific body part such as a specific tissue or organ
Local adaptation syndrome (LAS)
Localized response of the body to stress, precipitated by trauma or pathology
Increases
Long term stress (decreases/increases) risk for disease and injury
Physical loss
Loss of life, limb, an object, person, pet, or job
Perceived loss
Loss of youth, of financial independence, and of a valued environment experienced by a person, but intangible to others
Psychological loss
Loss that affects a person's self-image
Actual loss
Loss that can be recognized by others as well as by the person sustaining the loss, such as loss of a limb or a spouse
Reflex pain response and inflammatory response
2 most common responses to local adaptation syndrome (LAS)
Specific
A (general/specific) effect is an alteration of normal body structure and function
General
A (general/specific) effect is the stress response
Anxiety
A 37-year-old previously healthy executive recovering from massive myocardial infarction. She says "I haven't exactly done anything awful but I've also not been a saint and I find myself wondering if there is a God, what does he think of me." (Example of spiritual ____)
Minimally conscious state
Part consciousness; sleep-wake cycles present; some motor function, including automatic movements; inconsistently follows commands
Presencing
Standing in the presence of another consciously believing in—and affirming—his or her capacity for wholeness
MOLST form
Stands for Medical Order for Life-Sustaining Treatment, a medical order indicating a patient's wishes regarding treatments commonly used in a medical crisis
POLST form
Stands for Physician Order for Life-Sustaining Treatment, a medical order indicating a patient's wishes regarding treatments commonly used in a medical crisis; must be completed and signed by a health care professional, not the patient
Bereavement
State of grieving or going through the grief process
Respect
Status, dominance, recognition, attention, importance, and appreciation contribute to an individual's ______ needs
Developing
Teenagers are uniquely susceptible to addiction largely because their brains are still ________
Lesbian
Term for a homosexual female
Biological sex
Term used to denote chromosomal sexual development—male (XY) or female (XX)
Gay
Term used to describe homosexual males
Global self
Term used to describe the composite of all the basic facts, qualities, traits, images, and feelings one holds about oneself
Spiritual loss
Terminal illness; anticipatory grieving; inability to find comfort in religion
Many
The Native Americans have (1/many) different religions
Orgasm
The ______ phase in the female begins with a heightened feeling of physical pleasure, followed by overwhelming release and involuntary contractions of the genitals.
Catecholamines
The adrenal glands produce _______ (also known as norepinephrine and epinephrine)
Decrease
The adult smoking rate in Philadelphia has continued to (decrease/increase)
Gender role behavior
The behavior a person conveys about being male or female, which may or may not be the same as biological sex or gender identity
Gender role behavior
The behavior a person exhibits in relation to being male or female
Fight or flight response
The body preparing itself against threat, to either resist (fight) or evade (flight) the danger
True
The chemicals from tobacco surfaces remain on surfaces for days, sometimes even months (true or false)
Orgasm phase
The climax and sexual explosion of the tension that has been building over the preceding phases. It lasts only for seconds but is an extremely intense reaction. Characteristics of this phase are the involuntary spasmodic contractions of the genital organs. The number of contractions felt by the person depends on the intensity (what phase of sexual response cycle)
Luteal phase
The corpus luteum develops
Hormones
The corpus luteum produces ______ which encourages an egg to grow
Negative, worse
The effects of stress on a sick or injured person are usually (negative/positive) and may make an illness (wrose/better)
Secretory phase
The endometrial lining disintegrates
Proliferation phase
The endometrium becomes thick and velvety
Self esteem
The evaluative and effective component of self concept
Idealization
The exaggeration of the good qualities of the person or object that was lost; acceptance of the loss (what stage of Engel's stages of grief)
Power
The extent to which people influence their own and other's lives (which of the 4 bases of self esteem)
Outcome
The final result of the grief process and includes dealing with loss as a common life experience (what stage of Engel's stages of grief)
Ovaries
The follicular and luteal phase occurs in the _______
Sensation
The functioning brain must receive and translate the impulse into a _________
Palliative
The goal of (palliative/hospice) care is to give patients with life threatening illnesses the best quality of life y aggressive management of symptoms
Cultures
The human spirit must first recognize different ________
Rise
The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal access controls the neuroendocrine response causing hormone levels to (fall/rise)
Erectile dysfuntion
The inability for a male to receive an erection
False
The inflammatory response is a response of the central nervous system to pain (true or false)
Gender identity
The inner sense a person has of being male or female, which may be the same as or different from biological sex; synonym for sexual identity
Sexual health
The integration of the somatic, emotional, intellectual, and social aspects of sexual being in ways that are positively enriching and that enhance personality, communication, and love
Greater
The intensity of the plateau phase is (lesser/greater) than that of excitement, but not enough to begin orgasm
Secondhand smoke
The involuntary inhalation of tobacco smoke
Skin
The largest erogenous zone
15-28
The luteal phase occurs between days ____-_____
Ejaculation
The male orgasm is most often accompanied by ______ of semen from the urinary meatus of the penis
Refractory period
The man experiences a period during which the body does not respond to continued sexual stimulation, called the __________
Physiologic homeostasis
The mechanisms within the body that respond to internal changes to maintain relative consistency in the internal environment
Emotional
The mind body interaction, coping mechanisms, and anxiety are examples of ______ responses to stress
External
The mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and hymen are all (external/internal) female structures
Virtue
The moral and ethical standards a person contains (which of the 4 bases of self esteem)
Higher
The more closely aligned the real self and the ideal self are, generally the (lower/higher) self esteem someone has
Anxiety
The most common reaction to stress
Cranial and spinal
The special sensory input comes up from the ______ and ______ nerves and enters in the reticular formation which then allows the impulses to move up
Dilates, dilates
The sympathetic nervous system (constricts/dilates) skeletal muscle blood vessels and (constricts/dilates) blood vessels to the brain
External
The testes, scrotum, and penis are example of (internal/external) genitalia in men
Thyroid hormone and calcitonin
The thyroid secretes __________ and _______ which regulates our metabolic rate and growth factors
Thyroid, pituitary
Thyroid stimulating hormone stimulates the _______ and is released from the _______
Spiritual beliefs
To assess ____ ______, you can ask questions such as: "Are there particular spiritual or religious beliefs that are important to you? Have these beliefs changed recently? Is your illness challenging these beliefs? Do your religious beliefs in any way dictate a course of action that puts you in conflict with what your health care providers are recommending?"
Spiritual distress
To assess ____ ______, you can ask questions such as: "Are your spiritual beliefs currently causing you any distress?"
Spiritual practices
To assess ____ ______, you can ask questions such as: "Describe your usual spiritual practices and anything interfering with your ability to perform them. Can I help in any way to secure the aids necessary for these practices (prayer shawl, Bible, crystals, amulets, beads, icons)?"
Spiritual needs
To assess ____ ______, you can ask questions such as: "In what ways can I and the other nurses help you to meet your spiritual needs?" "Would you like me to contact your spiritual adviser or the hospital's pastoral care minister?"
Spiritual beliefs and everyday living
To assess relation between _____ and _____ _____, you can ask questions such as: "Describe ways your spiritual beliefs affect everyday living (daily schedule, diet, hygiene, sense of self and the world, relationships). Do you find this influence to be healthy (life affirming) or destructive (life denying)?"
HOPE
To assess spirituality, you can use the _____ acronym
Significance
To assess the patient's feelings of _______, you might ask questions such as: "Are there people in your life with whom you share a close relationship?", "To what extent do you feel loved and approved of by the key people in your life?", "Does it bother you when you feel unloved or when others fail to appreciate you?"
Power
To assess the patient's feelings of _______, you might ask questions such as: "How important is it to you to 'be in control' of your life (health)?", To what extent did you feel 'in control' of your life (health) before this illness (trauma, crisis)?", "What is it that makes you feel not in control?"
Virtue
To assess the patient's feelings of _______, you might ask questions such as: "Tell me something about the moral-ethical principles that govern your life.", "How must you live to describe yourself as a 'good' person?", "Describe any difficulties you experience in living up to your moral principles that you would like to discuss."
Competence
To assess the patient's feelings of _______, you might ask questions such as: "What are the things you need to do to feel important?", "Is anything interfering with your ability to execute these tasks? How does this make you feel?", "How important to you is it to feel that others value your work
White
To prepare for a spiritual counselor visit, clear the top of the bedside table and cover with a clean _____ cloth for sacraments
Near
To prepare for a spiritual counselor visit, provide a seat for the counselor (near/far from) the patient's bed
Stimulation
To question a patient's _____, you can ask questions such as: "Are there other people in your home during the day? Do you spend much time together? How do you spend the time?" "Are you bored? Why?" "Are you able to read? Watch television? Knit? Why not?"
Reception
To question a patient's _____, you can ask questions such as: "Does anything interfere with the functioning of your senses?" "Describe any corrective devices you use for sensory impairments."
Is not
Tobacco use (is not/is) an equal opportunity killer.
Reticular activating system
When a person experiences sensory deprivation, the __________ is no longer able to project a normal level of activation to the brain
Lower
When energy is expended to adapt to a life changing event, the patient's resistance to the illness is (lower/higher)
Out of
When sensory overload occurs, the person usually feels (out of/in) control
Acceptance
When this stage is reached, the patient has tranquility around their death and they learn to accept reality (what stage in Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief)
Philadelphia
Which city has the highest smoking rate in Pennsylvania
Rationalization
Which defense mechanism is portrayed in the following scenario? After throwing his lunch tray on the floor, a patient complains to the nurse manager about the quality of the food he is being fed during his hospital stay
Self actualization
Which term best describes a person's need to reach one's potential by pursuing a career in medicine?
Bupropion
An anti-depressant that blocks dopamine and noradrenalin
Displacement
An employee who is angry with a coworker kicks a chair (what defense mechanism)
Stage of resistance
Body regains homeostasis or adaptive mechanisms fail (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Decline
Sensory function tends to begin to (decline/improve) progressively throughout adulthood as a result of aging
How well do I like myself
The self evaluation dimension of self concept asks the question: ________
Who are what do I want to be
The self expectation dimension of self concept asks the question: ___________
Who am I
The self knowledge dimension of self concept asks the question: _____________
Adolescence
The sense of self is consolidated during which stage of development
Stereognosis
The sense that perceives the solidity of objects, their size, shape, and texture
Spiritual alienation
The separation from a faith community
Developmental and situational
2 sources of stress
Living will and durable power of attorney for health care
2 types of written advanced directives that all adult patients should fill out regardless of age or condition
Self knowledge, self expectation, and self evaluation
3 dimensions of self concept
Pride, guilt, and shame
3 major self evaluation feelings
Need for meaning and purpose, love and relatedness, and forgiveness
3 spiritual needs
Alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion
3 stages of general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Personal identity, body image, self esteem, and role performance
4 factors that contribute to self concept
Mild, moderate, severe, and panic
4 levels of anxiety
Excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
4 phases of sexual response cycle
Identify problem, list alternatives, choose from alternatives, implement plan, and evaluate outcome
5 step problem solving method for crisis intervention
Despair
A 92-year-old frail widow who lives alone in a two-room apartment; crippled with arthritis; has two married sons she has not seen for years. Says to community nurse who visits every week, "No one should have to live like this. If it weren't for the neighbor who comes on Saturday with a few groceries and you, I'd be dead. I guess that would be for the best. It's been a long time since I felt like my living or dying would matter to anyone. Because I'm 92 now, I guess even God doesn't want me" (example of spiritual ______)
Good death
A ______ allows a person to die on their own terms relatively free pain and with dignity
False
A _______ self may develop in people who have an emotional need to respond to the needs and ambitions important to significant people
Fowler's position
A bed position where the head and trunk are raised, typically between 40-90°
Abstract
A child has to develop some capacity for _______ thought in order to be able to understand that spiritual self
Parents
A child's ______ play a key role in how they view spirituality and religion
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
A common hormonal disorder that causes small cysts to develop on the ovaries and can cause abnormal periods as well as difficulty achieving or obtaining pregnancy
Premature ejaculation
A condition in which a man consistently reaches ejaculation or orgasm before or soon after entering the vagina
Diabetes
A condition which can cause a loss of feeling/sensation in certain regions of the body such as the feet
Faith
A confident belief in something for which there is no proof or evidence
Crisis
A disturbance caused by a precipitating event such as a perceived loss, a threat, or a challenge that is perceived as a threat to the self
Living will
A document that indicates what medical intervention an individual wants if he or she becomes incapable of expressing those wishes
Horrors of history
A dropping of an atomic bomb, concentration camps, and terrorist attacks are all examples of ________
Hospice care
A type of end-of-life care for persons who are terminally ill, characterized by the following: (1) patients are kept as free of pain as possible so that they may die comfortably and with dignity; (2) patients receive continuity of care, are not abandoned, and do not lose personal identity; (3) patients retain as much control as possible over decisions regarding their care and are allowed to refuse further life-prolonging technologic interventions; and (4) patients are viewed as individuals with personal fears, thoughts, feelings, values, and hopes
Imbalance
A(n) (imbalance/balance) can occur if the perception of the event is exaggerated or if sources for support/coping mechanisms are inadequate
Balance
A(n) (imbalance/balance) is achieved when the perception of the stressful event is realistic and support/coping mechanisms are adequate
Mourning
Actions and expressions of grief, including the symbols and ceremonies that make up outward expression of grief
Dysfunctional grief
Abnormal or distorted grief that may be either unresolved or inhibited
Psychosocial
Accidents, stressful/traumatic experiences of family members and friends, horrors of history, fear of aggression, and rapid changes in the world are all examples of _______ stressors
General tasks and illness related tasks
Adaptation to acute and chronic illness involves what 2 adaptive tasks
Adaptation
Adjustment of living with other living things and environmental conditions
Less
Adult menthol smokers are (less/more) likely to quit smoking
More
Adults in Philadelphia are (less/more) likely to smoke cigarettes than US adults
Dissociation
An adult cannot recall childhood memories surrounding the traumatic death of a sibling (what defense mechanism)
Sensory deprivation
An adult who experiences __________ may hallucinate to maintain an optimal level of arousal
Spiritual distress
An alteration in spiritual health (e.g., spiritual pain, alienation, anxiety, guilt, anger, loss, despair)
Older adults
Age group that reports anxiety the least
Adolescents
Age group that reports anxiety the most
Stimulus
Agent, act, or other influence capable of initiating a response by the nervous system
Islam
Allah, one God, who is only one, all seeing, all hearing, all speaking, all knowing, all willing, all powerful (what religion)
Female genital mutilation (FGM)
Any procedure that involves partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons
Stressor
Anything causing a person to experience stress; change in the balanced state
Spirituality
Anything that pertains to a person's relationship with a nonmaterial life force or higher power
Orgasm
Apex of sexual activity in which rhythmic contractions of the genital organs and many other physiologic changes occur
Newborn
Appropriate stimulation for a ______ includes soothing, holding, rocking, changing patterns of light, and more
Shame
Associated with low global self-worth (which of the 3 major self-evaluation feelings)
Adolescence
At risk for pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (what stage of development)
Childhood
At what developmental period are differences between one self and others are strong
Adolescence
At what developmental period are parental influences on self concept often rejected and peers play a more important role in development of self concept
Infancy
At what developmental period do individuals begin to differentiate of self from non-self
Adolescence
At what developmental period do individuals develop secondary sex characteristics and experience rapid body changes
Adulthood
At what developmental period does society place emphasis on intactness of body, fitness, energy, sexuality, lifestyle, productivity, and beauty
Reflex pain response
Automatic response of the central nervous system to the stimulus of pain
Canal
Avoid loud noise that is concentrated at the ear _____, such as with earphones
Kinesthesia
Awareness of positioning of body parts and body movement
Bring up the topic of sexuality
B in BETTER acronym
Gender nonconformity
Behaving and appearing in ways that are considered atypical for a person's biological sex
Withdrawal behavior
Behavior that involves physical withdrawal from a threat or an emotional reaction such as admitting defeat, becoming empathetic, or feeling guilty
Compromised behavior
Behavior that is usually constructive and often involves substitution of goals and negotiation of partially fulfilled needs
Attack behavior
Behavior that occurs when a person attempts to overcome obstacles to satisfy a need
Coping mechanisms
Behaviors used to decrease stress and anxiety
Self compassion
Being kind and understanding when confronted with personal failings
Jehovah's witness
Believe that blood transfusions are unethical and violate God's laws (what religion)
Roman catholicism
Believe that human life is a gift of God and people should not have abortions (what religion)
General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Biochemical model of stress describing the body's general response to stress
Cisgender
Biological sex and gender identity align (someone who is born female identifies as female)
Transgender
Biological sex and gender identity are opposing (someone who is born female identifies as male)
Genitalia, hormone
Biological sex characteristics generally determine our external and internal ____ as well as ______ states
Adulthood
Bodily changes as a result of menopause (what stage of development)
Stage of resistance
Body attempts to adapt to stressor (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Stage of exhaustion
Body either rests and mobilizes its defenses to return to normal or dies (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Toddler
Both sexes enjoy fondling genitals (what stage of development)
Infancy
Boys have penile erections, and girls have orgasmic potential (what stage of development)
Receive
By assessing a patient's reception, you are assessing their ability to _______ information
Stupor
Can be aroused by extreme and/or repeated stimuli
Asleep
Can be aroused by normal stimuli (light touch, sound, and the like)
Actual loss
Can be recognized by others as well as by the person sustaining the loss
Yes
Can positive and negative life events both influence spirituality
No
Can stress alone cause autoimmune disorders
Yes
Can stress facilitate hormonal growth and development
Coma
Cannot be aroused and does not respond to stimuli
Vegetative state
Cannot be aroused. Sleep-wake cycles, postures or withdraws to noxious stimuli, occasional nonpurposeful movement, random smiling or grimacing
Palliative care
Care that involves taking care of the whole person, body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul
Medulla
Catecholamines are produced in the adrenal (medulla/cortex)
Spiritual anxiety
Challenged by a belief and value system
Physiological
Chemical agents, physical agents, infectious agents, nutritional imbalances, hypoxia, and genetic/immune disorders are all examples of _______ stressors
Comfort or distress
Children may find _____ or ____ in a higher being
Regression
Children often regress to soiling diapers or demanding a bottle when they are ill (what defense mechanism)
Vulvodynia
Chronic vulvar discomfort or pain characterized by burning, stinging, irritation, or rawness of the female genitalia that interferes with sexual activity
Impotence
Condition in which a man is unable to attain or maintain an erection to such an extent that he cannot have satisfactory sexual intercourse; synonym for erectile failure
Anticipatory loss
Condition in which a person displays loss and grief behaviors for a loss that has yet to take place
Arousal
Condition in which the cortical area of the brain receives and responds appropriately to stimuli
Stress
Condition in which the human system responds to change in its normal balanced state
Sensory deprivation
Condition resulting from decreased sensory input or input that is monotonous, unpatterned, or meaningless
Sensory overload
Condition resulting from excessive sensory input to which the brain is unable to meaningfully respond
Spiritual health
Condition that exists when the universal spiritual needs for meaning and purpose, love and belonging, and forgiveness are met
Sexual dysfunction
Condition that prevents a person or couple from engaging in or obtaining satisfaction from sexual activity
Sensory poverty
Condition that results when one learns about the world without experiencing it up close, right here, right now
Self actualization, positive self concept, low self esteem, identity diffusion, dissociation depersonalization
Continuum of self concept responses (adaptive responses to maladaptive responses)
Significance, competence, virtue, and power
Coopersmith's 4 bases of self esteem
Glucose
Cortisol raises ______ levels for energy
Burnout
Cumulative state of frustration with the work environment that develops over a long time
Sexuality
Degree to which a person exhibits and experiences maleness and femaleness physically, emotionally, and mentally
Conscious
Delirium, dementia, confusion, normal consciousness, somnolence, minimally conscious states, and locked-in syndrome are all (unconscious/conscious) states
Personal identity
Describes a person's conscious sense of who they are
Proprioception
Description of the sense, usually at a subconscious level, of the movements and position of the body, especially its limbs, independent of vision
Plateau phase
Desire and arousal continue to build and intensify. This phase varies from a few minutes to 15 to 20 minutes. In the female, the clitoris retracts and disappears under the clitoral hood. (what phase of sexual response cycle)
Denial
Despite finding a lump in her breast, a woman does not seek medical treatment (what defense mechanism)
Young adulthood
Develops own value system and respects values of other people (what stage of development)
Gender dysphoria
Diagnosis for a person whose biological sex at birth is contrary to the one with which the person identifies
Are
Different types of sensory stimulation (are not/are) necessary for growth
Dementia
Difficulties with spatial orientation, memory, language and can result in changes in personality
Sensory processing disorder
Difficulty in the way the brain takes in, organizes, and uses sensory information, causing a person to have problems interacting effectively in the everyday environment
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Disease that spreads from one person to another through intimate sexual contact
Delirium
Disorientation, restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, agitation, alternating with other conscious states
Higher
Due to the mode of smoking, including frequency of puffing, depth of inhalation, and length of the smoking session, hookah smokers absorb (lower/higher) concentrations of the toxins found in cigarette smoke
Middle
During ______ childhood, a sense of being trusted and loved, of being competent and trustworthy develops
Educate patients about the side effects of their treatments and that side effects may be temporary
E in BETTER acronym
Explain that you are concerned with all aspects of patients' lives affected by disease
E in BETTER acronym
Effects on medical care and end of life issues
E in HOPE acronym
Diminshes
E-cigarettes (diminishes/increases) the ability of the lungs to respond to an infection
Grief
Emotional response to loss
Attachment
Encourage parents/caregivers to provide a consistent and affectionate way of parenting to create secure ________ in infants
Preschooler
Engages in masturbation; becomes increasingly aware of self (what stage of development)
Preschooler
Enjoys exploring body parts of self and playmates (what stage of development)
Toddler
Establishes control over bowels and bladder; develops vocabulary related to anatomy(what stage of development)
Psychological
Esteem needs and love/belongingness needs are ________ needs
Maturational loss
Experienced as a result of a natural development process
Situational loss
Experienced as a result of an unpredictable event such as job loss or injury
Spirituality
Experienced as a unifying force, life principle, and an essence of being
Somnolence
Extreme drowsiness, but will respond normally to stimuli
Identity diffusion
Failure to integrate various childhood identifications into a harmonious adult psychosocial identity
Spiritual guilt
Failure to live according to religious rules
Spiritual despair
Feeling that no one (not even God) cares
Alarm reaction
Fight-or-flight response occurs (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Crisis intervention
Five-step problem-solving technique to promote adaptation and improve future coping
Lower
For a patient that has a decrease in hearing, use a (lower/higher) tone when communicating with the patient
Sensory overload
For patients experiencing _______, nurses should provide consistent, predictable patterns of stimulation to help the patient develop a sense of control
Vision
For patients with a decrease in _______ provide adequate lighting and clear pathways of clutter to prevent injury, provide enlarged print, and encourage the patient to visit the ophthalmologist annually.
Overload
For patients with sensory (deprivation/overload), orient them to person, place, and time
Discourage
For patients with sensory deprivation, (discourage/encourage) the use of sedatives
Ahead
For visually impaired patients assist with ambulation by walking slightly (ahead/behind) the patient
False
Formal prayer should not be used with patients as it may alienate them (true or false)
Judaism
Formation closely bound with a divine revelation and with commitment to obedience to God's will. The Hebrew Bible is the authority, guide, and inspiration of the many forms of religion of the Jews (what religion)
Defense mechanisms
Forms of self-deception; unconscious process the self uses to protect itself from anxiety or threats to self-esteem
Locked in syndrome
Full consciousness; sleep-wake cycles present; quadriplegic (unable to move the limbs), auditory and visual function preserved; emotion preserved
Preschooler
Gender identity is formed (what stage of development)
Cisgender
Gender identity or role performance that matches society's expectations based on biological sex
Hospice
Generally (palliative/hospice) care is provided to support people through the end of their life
Sources of hope, meaning, comfort, and strength
H in HOPE acronym
Visual, auditory, or tactile
Hallucinations can be ____, _____, or ______
Heterosexual
Having sexual feelings for a person of the opposite sex
Bisexual
Having sexual feelings for people of both sexes
Physical
Heat, cold, and trauma are examples of ____ agents
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Menstrual cycle-related distress; occurs a few days before the onset of menstruation
Dopamine
Heroin, cocaine, sex and food trigger the hormone ______ to be released as well as smoking
Palliative care
Hospice care; taking care of the whole person—body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul—with the goal of giving patients with life-threatening illnesses the best quality of life they can have through the aggressive management of symptoms
Body image
How a person experiences one's body
Psychological
Humans must maintain _______ homeostasis in order to maintain mental well being
Self concept
Mental image or picture of self; includes body image, subjective self, ideal self, and social self
Endometrium
If the ovum is fertilized, it attaches to the ______ lining of the uterus
Senses
If there is damage near the area of the reticular activating system, there will be difficulty in the perception of ______
Inflammatory
If you cut your finger, _____ response will occur
Healthy
If you have a(n) (unhealthy/healthy) self esteem, you are able to be assertive and expressive in your needs and opinions, competent in your ability to make decisions, able to form secure and honest relationships, and less likely to stay in unhealthy relationships
Stereognosis
If you tell someone to close their eyes and you place a penny in their hand, they should be able to tell you that it is a coin (example of ________)
Terminal illness
Illness from which there is no reasonable expectation of recovery or cure
Situational
Illness or traumatic injury, marriage or divorce, loss, and a new job are examples of ______ stressors
Sensory deficit
Impaired or absent functioning of one or more senses
Ineffective
In a crisis, a person's usual methods of coping are (ineffective/effective)
Cheap, more
In philadelphia, cigarettes are relatively (cheap/expensive) compared to other cities and there are (less/more) retailers for youth to purchase tobacco products
Rise
In the alarm reaction phase of the general adaptation syndrome, hormone levels (fall/rise) and the body prepares to react
Increase, vasoconstriction
In the alarm reaction phase of the general adaptation syndrome, norepinephrine and epinephrine are released which (decrease/increase) heart rate and blood pressure and cause peripheral (vasoconstriction/vasodilation)
Decrease
In the counter shock phase of the alarm reaction, energy levels, oxygen intake, cardiac output, and blood pressure all (decrease/increase)
Increase
In the shock phase of the alarm reaction, energy levels, oxygen intake, cardiac output, and blood pressure all (decrease/increase)
Unifying
In the spiritual dimension: (integrated/unifying) approach, the sociological, psychological, and physiological dimensions are all grounded within the spiritual dimension
Equal
In the spiritual dimension: integrated approach, physiological, spiritual, psychological, and sociological all have an (unequal/equal) piece and they all interrelate with each other
Physiological, spiritual, psychological, and sociological
In the spiritual dimension: integrated approach, the dimensions ______, ______, ____, and _______ are interrelate with one another
Spiritual
In the spiritual dimension: unifying approach, the ______ dimension influences the well-being of the physiological, psychological, and sociological dimensions
Spiritual
In the spiritual dimension: unifying approach, the sociological, psychological, and physiological dimensions are all grounded within the _______ dimension
Increased
In the year 2019, teen vaping rates (decreased/increased)
Spiritual pain
Inability to accept death of son
Spiritual anger
Inability to accept illness
Loss
Inaccessibility or change in a valued person, object, or situation
Normal consciousness
Individual is aware of self and external environment, is well oriented, and is responsive
Different
Infants learn that the physical self is (same/different) from environment
Dilating
Inflammatory response involves (constricting/dilating) the blood vessels within the injured area to allow our WBCs to move in and take care of the area
Hope
Ingredient in life responsible for a positive outlook, even in life's bleakest moments
Females
Inhibited sexual desire is usually experienced in (females/males)
Inhibited sexual desire
Inhibition in sexual arousal so that congestion and vaginal lubrication are absent or minimal
Excitement phase
Initiated by erotic stimulation and arousal. Some of the physiologic changes common in both men and women include an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, and the appearance of a pink to red flush to the skin (what phase of sexual response cycle)
Menarche
Initiation of the menstrual cycle
Intercourse
Insertion of the penis into the partner's vagina, anus, or mouth
Uterus
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are placed in the _______
Resolving the loos
Involves dealing with the void left by the loss (what stage of Engel's stages of grief)
Restitution
Involves the rituals surrounding loss such as funeral or expressions of mourning (what stage of Engel's stages of grief?)
Death
Irreversible cessation of all functions of circulatory and respiratory functions; (2) irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brainstem; (3) termination of life
Yes
Is hookah smoking dangerous?
Yes
Is perception influenced by past experiences and knowledge
Yes
Is poverty associated with smoking
No
Is there self concept at birth?
Is not
It (is not/ is) the nicotine in cigarette smoke that causes cancer
True
It is important to continue to provide sensory stimuli, even as people grow older (true or false)
Young children
It is most important to give _____ a lot of sensory input and sensory stimulation so they can develop their sensory system
Spermicides
Kills sperm and is placed in the vagina before sexual intercourse
Muscles, organs
Kinesthetic and visceral senses arise internally from ________ and hollow ________
Young adulthood
Knowledge regarding sexual response and activity increases pleasure of relationship (what stage of development)
Spiritual needs
Lack of anything necessary for spiritual health
Coping mechanisms
Laughing, crying, sleeping, cursing, exercising, smoking, and drinking are all examples of _________
Maladaptive
Major stressors may place people at risk for performing _____ responses such as isolating, depression, extreme anxiety, or substance abuse
Euthanasia
Mercy killing; the deliberate termination of the life of a person
Islam
Many individuals in the ______ religion don't eat pork or drink alcohol because it is forbidden
Immature, stimulated
Many neural pathways are (immature/mature) at birth and need to be ______ in order to develop
6
Many smokers make ____+ quit attempts before succeeding
Physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self actualization
Maslow's hierarchy in order from most basic needs to highest need
Adolescence
May begin to partake in sexual activity ranging from light to heavy petting to full genital intercourse (what stage of development)
Withdrawal, cannot, reduce, quit
Medications to quit smoking can be used to manage the physical ______, manage situations where people (cannot/can) smoke, (reduce/increase) consumption, and help people to ___
School aged
Menarche takes place (what stage of development)
Infancy
Needs affection and tactile stimulation (what stage of development)
Physiological needs
Most basic human needs located on the bottom of Maslow's period
Spiritual healing
Movement toward integration, from brokenness to wholeness
Does not
NRT (does not/does) contain the toxic chemicals found in tobacco products, such as nitrosamines, arsenic, formaldehyde, and ammonia
Decrease
Narcotics and sedatives (decrease/increase) awareness
Cerebral cortex
Nerve impulses from all of the sensory tracts reach the reticular activating system which selectively allows certain impulses to reach the _______ and be perceived
Reticular activating system (RAS)
Network of neurons in the core of the brainstem, with ascending and descending tracts to other areas of the brain that monitor and regulate incoming sensory stimuli and level of arousal
Non addictive, effective
Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRT) such as the patch, gum, lozenge are safe, (non addictive/addictive) and (non effective/effective) in the treatment of tobacco addiction
Chemistry
Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) allows brain ______ to recover
Baseline
Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) keep nicotine at a ______ level in the brain
Cravings
Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) reduce _____ for nicotine
Tobacco
Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) weans the smoker off of ______
Dopamine
Nicotine stimulates a neurotransmitter in the brain called ________ which is the "happy" drug when it is released
Religion
Organized system of beliefs about a higher power; often includes set forms of worship, spiritual practices, and codes of conduct
Uterine fibroids
Noncancerous growths on the uterus that can cause heavy menstrual periods and bleeding in between periods
True
Nurses can be helpful in recommending means for patients to develop a relationship with one's inner world and manifest spiritual energy in one's outer world (true or false)
Organized religion
O in HOPE acronym
Infancy
Obtains pleasure from touching genitals (what stage of development)
Identity diffusion
Occurs when an individual does not truly know who they are or what they want
Crisis
Occurs when coping and defense mechanisms are no longer effective, resulting in high levels of anxiety, disorganized behavior, and the inability to function normally
Developmental stress
Occurs when person progresses through stages of growth and development
95
Of people with diabetes who have amputations involving their feet or legs, _____% are smokers
Follicular phase
One follicle produces a mature oocyte
Philadelphia
Out of the 10 largest cities in the U.S., what city has the highest poverty rate
Premature ovarian failure
Ovarian failure that refers to a loss of normal ovarian function before age 40 and can cause irregular or infrequent periods
Personal spirituality and practice
P in HOPE acronym
Dyspareunia
Painful intercourse
Sensory deprivation
Patients at high risk for ______ include patients in an environment with monotonous stimuli, patients who are on bed rest or are in isolation, patients with impaired ability to receive environmental stimuli, and patients who are unable to process environmental stimuli
Overload
Patients in intensive care units, patients with a disturbance of the nervous system, and patients who have extensive monitoring are at high risk for sensory (deprivation/overload)
Coping mechanisms
Patterns of behavior used to neutralize, deny, or counteract anxiety
People
People express and experience spirituality in and through connectedness with other _____
Transexual
People who are ______ are people who have lived full time as members of a gender that differs from their sex/the gender they were assigned at birth
Homosexual
People who are gay or lesbian are said to be (homosexual/heterosexual)
Gender dysphoria
People who experience discomfort or distress because their biological sex at birth is contrary to their gender is diagnosed with _________
High
People with (low/high) self esteem are accustomed to being well-received and successful.
Intensity, size, change, stimuli
Perception is influenced by the _______, ______, ______, or the representation of ______
Mourning
Period during which a person learns to accept grief
Menstruation
Periodic discharge of bloody secretions through the vagina; usually for 4 to 5 days each month
Transsexual
Person of a certain biological sex with the feelings of the opposite sex
Agnostic
Person who believes that nothing can be known about the existence of a god
Atheist
Person who denies the existence of a god
Self esteem
Person's perception of one's total being, including self-worth and body image
Auditory
Pertaining to hearing
Visceral
Pertaining to inner organs
Visual
Pertaining to sight
Olfactory
Pertaining to smell
Gustatory
Pertaining to taste
Tactile
Pertaining to touch
Highest
Philadelphia has the (lowest/highest) smoking rate of the 10 largest cities in the United States
Developing awareness
Physical and emotional responses such as anger and feelings of hopelessness; may ask why me (what stage of Engel's stages of grief)
Psychosomatic disorder
Physiologic alterations and illness believed to be due to psychological influences
Diaphragm
Placed in a woman's vagina to cover the cervix
3
Practice oral care ______ times per day to prevent infection and decay
Spiritual beliefs
Practices associated with all aspects of a person's life, including health and illness, that address the invisible "spirit"—a creative, mysterious, guiding power
Sexual orientation
Preferred biological sex of the partner of an individual
Contraception
Prevention of conception or pregnancy; also used to describe methods used for birth control
Early, are
Pride, guilt, and shame are usually learned (early/late) in childhood within relationships with others and (are not/are) maintained through practice
Adolescence
Primary and secondary sex characteristics develop (what stage of development)
Advance care planning (ACP)
Process of planning for future care in the event a person becomes unable to make his or her own decisions
Anticipatory guidance
Psychologically preparing a person for an unfamiliar event
School aged
Puberty begins for most boys and girls with development of secondary sex characteristics (what stage of development)
Reflex pain
Pulling your hand off of a hot stove is an example of the _____ response
Record your assessment and interventions in patients' medical records
R in BETTER acronym
Remove cigarettes, lighters, and other tobacco-related products from your home, car, and work
R in START acronym for smokers trying to quit
Self actualization
Reaching of one's potential through full development of one's unique capabilities
Receptor
Receives a stimulus and converts it into a nerve impulse
Confusion
Reduced awareness, easily distracted, easily startled by sensory stimuli, alternates between drowsiness and excitability; resembles minor form of delirium state
Delayed ejaculation
Refers to a man's inability to ejaculate into the vagina, or delayed intravaginal ejaculation
Sexual orientation
Refers to our romantic, emotional, and sexual attraction to others
Abstinence
Refraining from having sex
Can
Religious beliefs (cannot/can) guide daily living habits
Differ
Religious traditions (differ/are the same) among ethnic groups
Thirdhand smoke
Residue from tobacco smoke contamination that remains after the cigarette is extinguished finished such as on clothes, furniture, hair, etc
Stage of exhaustion
Results when the adaptive mechanisms can no longer provide defense (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Set a quit date
S in START acronym for smokers trying to quit
Basic
Safety and physiological needs are _______ needs
Third
Secondhand smoke is the ____ leading cause of preventable disease and death in the US
Ideal self
Self a person would like to be or thinks one should be; includes aspirations, moral ideas, and values
Infancy
Self awareness begins in which stage of development
6-7
Self concept develops around ____-____ years of age
3
Self definition occurs at about _____ years of age
Self respect
Self esteem is sometimes referred to as _______
Self concept, body image, and sexual identity
Self identity is developed by what 3 things
18 months
Self recognition begins at what stage of development
Masturbation
Self-stimulation for sexual satisfaction
Adulthood
Sexual satisfaction may actually increase because of loss of fear of pregnancy (what stage of development)
Alarm reaction
Shock and counter-shock phases occur (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Aggression or mutilation
Shootings, rape, crimes, and muggings are all examples of _______ or _______
Abbreviated grief
Short but genuine grief reaction
Acceptance
Stage 5 of Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief
Outcome
Stage 6 of Engel's stages of grief
No
Should you clean inside the ear
Ventilation
Since secondhand smoke refers to smoke in the air, it can be easily removed by ______
Increase, females
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a (decrease/increase) in smoking rates, particularly in (males/females)
Does not
Situational stress (does not/does) occur in predictable patterns
Narrows
Smoking (narrows/widens) the blood vessels, causing the poor circulation that can lead to a foot or leg infection, which can make an amputation necessary
Judaism
Some individuals in the ______ religion follow a Kosher diet and respect Saturdays as a day to relax
Stimulus
Some sort of agent, act, or other influence capable of initiating a response by the nervous system
Active euthanasia
Someone other than the patient commits an action with the intent to end the patient's life, for example, injecting the patient with a lethal dose of a drug
Quid pro quo
Something is withheld in exchange for something else
Faith
Spiritual dimensions of a person's life regardless of religious affiliation; (2) confident belief in something for which there is no proof or material evidence
Nature, earth, environment, cosmos
Spirituality is expressed through connectedness with ____, the _____, the ______, and the _______
Being, knowing, and doin
Spirituality is reflected in a person's _____, ______, and ______
Becoming
Spirituality shapes the self-_________
Shock and disbelief
Stage 1 of Engel's stages of grief
Denial and isolation
Stage 1 of Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief
Developing awareness
Stage 2 of Engel's stages of grief
Anger
Stage 2 of Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief
Restitution
Stage 3 of Engel's stages of grief
Bargaining
Stage 3 of Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief
Resolving the loss
Stage 4 of Engel's stages of grief
Depression
Stage 4 of Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief
Idealization
Stage 5 of Engel's stages of grief
Self esteem
Strength, achievement, mastery and competence, confidence in the face of the world, independence, and freedom contribute to an individual's ________
Increase
Stress and illness (decrease/increase) sensory stimulation
True
Stress in a healthy person may promote health and prevent illness (true or false)
Caregiver burden
Stress responses experienced during prolonged periods of home care by family caregivers
Challenge, threat, or danger
Stress results from a change in a person's internal or external environment that is perceived as a ______, ________, or ______
Sensory overload
Stress, physical illness, pain, and surgeries may provide more stimulation than a person can process and respond to without assistance resulting in _______
Depersonalization
Subjective experience of the partial or total disruption of one's ego and the disintegration and disorganization of one's self-concept
Tell patients that sexual dysfunction can happen and that you will address their concerns
T in BETTER acronym
Timing is important to address sexuality with each visi
T in BETTER acronym
Talk to your medical provider about medications and support
T in START acronym for smokers trying to quit
Tell family, friends, and co-workers that you plan to quit
T in START acronym for smokers trying to quit
Brain
The most important organ for sexual arousal and stimulation
Nervous, brain
The nerve impulse must be conducted along the ______ pathway from the receptor up into the _______
Alarm reaction
The neuroendocrine activity releases stress hormones such as norepinephrine and epinephrine which increase heart rate and blood pressure as well as cause peripheral vasoconstriction (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Stage of resistance
The neuroendocrine activity returns to normal (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Illness
The number of changes in a person's life, whether positive or negative, can be correlated with _______
Sensoristasis
The optimal arousal state of the reticular activating system is called _____
Internal
The ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina are all (external/internal) female structures
Nicotine
The patch, gum and other forms of NRT use controlled doses of ______
Denial and isolation
The patient denies the reality of death and may repressed what is discussed; patient may believe there was a mistake in the diagnosis (what stage in Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief)
Anger
The patient expresses rage, hostility, and a whiney attitude; may ask why is this happening to me (what stage in Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief)
Depression
The patient goes through a period of grief before death usually characterized by crying and socially isolating (what stage in Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief)
Bargaining
The patient tries to bargain for more time; many patients put their personal affairs in order such as making a will (what stage in Kübler-Ross's 5 stages of grief)
True
The perception of the threat in the alarm reaction phase of GAS may be conscious or unconscious (true or false)
Allostasis
The process of achieving stability or homeostasis through physiologic or behavioral change
Sensory reception
The process of receiving data about the internal or external environment through the senses
Ovulation
The process of releasing a mature ovum from the follicle and it is released into the fallopian tube each month
Endometrium
The proliferation and secretory phase occurs in the _______
Rapid and automatic
The reflex pain response is (slow/rapid) and ______ serving as a protective mechanism
Mind body interaction
The relationship between the psychological stressor and the physiologic stress response
Hypothalamus to the medulla
The reticular activating system is a poorly defined network that extends from the _______ to the _______ and mediates our level of arousal
Arousal
The reticular activating system is a poorly defined network that extends from the hypothalamus to the medulla and mediates our level of ______
Internal
The vas deferens, epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, and Cowper's gland are examples of (internal/external) genitalia in men
Inner ear
The vestibular apparatus is located within the _______ ____
Significance
The way people feel they are loved and approved by the people who are important to them (which of the 4 bases of self esteem)
Competence
The way that tasks that are considered to be important are performed (which of the 4 bases of self esteem)
Excitement phase
The woman's breasts swell and the nipples become erect and hard to the touch. Lubrication of the vagina seeps to the outside of the body along the vulvar creases and makes stimulation of the genitals more pleasurable by decreasing friction. The upper two thirds or so of the vagina enlarges and expands. The clitoris enlarges and emerges slightly from the clitoral hood. The labia also enlarge and separate, and turn a deep rosy red with arousal (what phase of sexual response cycle)
Decrease
The youth smoking rate in Philadelphia has continued to (decrease/increase)
Medicaid
There is no cost for nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) for people who have _______
Christian scientist
They deny the existence of health crises; sickness and sin are errors of the human mind and can be overcome by altering thoughts, not by using drugs or medicines (what religion)
Jehovah's witness
They oppose the "false teachings" of other sects; opposition often extends to modern science, including medicine (what religion)
Difficult
Thirdhand smoke is (easy/difficult) to remove from household furniture and surfaces, and even public spaces, which allows for a much longer timeframe for exposure
Resolution phase
This phase is characterized by a return to the normal body functioning present before the excitement phase
Fowler's position
This position is often used for patients who have cardiac issues, trouble breathing, or a nasogastric tube in place
Sexual harassment
Unwelcome verbal or physical advance or sexually explicit statement (e.g., leers, pats, grabs, jokes, requests for dates, and even rape) that interferes with one's ability to do one's job by making one feel humiliated, intimidated, or uncomfortable
Earplugs
Use ______ when using loud machinery, including lawn mowers, grass trimmers, or industrial equipment
Anxiety
Vague sense of impending doom or apprehension precipitated by new and unknown experiences
Homeostasis
Various physiologic and psychological mechanisms respond to changes in the internal and external environment to maintain a balanced state
Infectious
Viruses and bacteria are examples of _____ agents
Stage of resistance
Vital signs, hormone levels, and energy production return to normal (what stage of general adaptation syndrome)
Person's perception of event, person's situational support, and the coping mechanisms the person possesses
What 3 factors determine a person's response to crisis
Stimulus, receptor, nervous pathway to brain, and translation of impulse into sensation
What 4 conditions must be met in order for a person to receive data
Terminal weaning
Withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy with the understanding that death may result, generally after a decision is made that the therapy in question is medically futile or disproportionately burdensome
More
Women usually enjoy a (less/more) prolonged period of stimulation than do men
Protestantism
Worship of the one God revealed to the world through Jesus Christ. Love of neighbor is a central tenet. Other beliefs include sin, redemption, salvation, and a final accounting with God. Care of the sick is encouraged. God the author and giver of life is also the healer. Most accept modern medical science. (what religion)
Advance directive
Written directive that allows people to state in advance what their choices for health care would be if certain circumstances should develop
Greater
Young children are at (lesser/greater) risk for thirdhand smoke
Less
Youth in Philadelphia are (less/more) likely to smoke cigarettes than US youth
Perish
____ nursing programs seek to reclaim the church's role in administrative healing and focus on the impact of spirituality
Spirituality
_____ allows people to evaluate big pictures and big questions
Menthol
_____ make cigarettes more addictive and deadly
Adaptive
_____ responses are good responses that help us to adapt to a stressor or crisis
Mild and moderate
______ and ______ anxiety can be motivators to ourselves
Androgens
______ control the development of testosterone and estrogen
Situational
______ stress can occur at any time and the person's ability to adapt may be strongly influenced by their developmental level
Hearing
_______ is the last sense that is lost
Self esteem
________ is the need to feel good about oneself and believe others hold one in high regard
Task oriented
________ reactions involve consciously thinking about the stress situation and then acting to solve the problem
Maladaptive
________ responses are negative responses to a stressor
Physiologic
________ stressors can have both a specific effect and a general effect
Guilt
rules A 23-year-old, single, Baptist woman being treated for premenstrual syndrome and she says "I was raised in a strict Baptist home but had to leave ... I needed more room to be me. I like life here at the university but there's a restlessness in me I can't describe. I've dated several men, one or two I really liked, but I always do something to mess up the relationship. It would kill my mother if she knew I lived with Gary for 3 months." (example of spiritual _____)
