US Federal Ocean Institutions
Regulates discharge of dredged or fill materials in US water and wetlands. Grants permits.
EPA and US Army Corps of Engineers - Section 404
Protect and conserve marine mammal species.
Marine Mammal Commission
Shipping, port operations, shipbuilding, vessel operations, national security, maintenance of the National Defense Reserve Fleet, operation of Merchant Maritime Academy, regulation regarding international safety and environmental standards.
Maritime Administration (MARAD)
ocean floor exploration and mapping, earth observation satellites
NASA
Coastal Zone Management Program, NERRS, Coastal and Estuarine Land Conservation, National Marine Protected Areas (MPA), Coastal Nonpoint source pollution
NOAA Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM)
Monitor and research the environment in coastal and estuarine areas, restore wetlands, improve water quality.
National Estuarine Research Reserve Program (NERRS)
Protect and restore water quality in estuaries threatened by pollution and land development as well as maintain ecological integrity.
National Estuary Program (NEP)
Flood insurance
National Flood Insurance Program
hurricanes, climate change, sea level rise, weather
National Hurricane Center
Establish MPAs, keeps MPA records
National MPA Center
Aquaculture, Habitat conservation, International Affairs, Law enforcement, Protected species, seafood inspection, science and technology, sustainable fisheries
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
Designate and protect areas of marine environment of national significance.
National Marine Sanctuary Program
Conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and provide enjoyment. Preserve and protect.
National Park Service
Distributes permits in order to control pollution by regulating pollutants that are discharged from point sources (farms, sewers, pesticide, storm water, vessel discharge)
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
Science.
National Science Foundation
Promote research, conservation, and education. Give grants to colleges for these three things.
National Sea Grant College Program
Use TMDL calculations to establish additional restrictions for pollutant discharges, both PS and NPS and determines the source of the pollutants
Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)
Promotes energy independence, environmental protection, and economic development through management of offshore energy resources. Deals with lease sales.
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)
Advance foreign policy goals.
Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs (OES)
Offshore regulation, oil spill response preparation, environmental enforcement and compliance.
Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE)
Protect any remaining undeveloped coastal barrier island systems in the U.S. as well as the biotic environment near these systems
Coastal Barrier Resources System (COBRA)
Maps coral reefs in the US, researches coral reefs, implements strategies to promote conservation and sustainable use of coral reefs, coordinate management strategies among agencies.
Coral Reef Task Force
Development of environmental policies and incentives, National Ocean Council member. Regulation of laws.
Council on Environmental Quality
Provide grants to implement NPS pollution solutions (runoff, fertilizer, herbicide, etc.) and manages wetlands and coastal waters
Nonpoint Source Pollution Program
ocean battle-space sensing, fund programs
Office of Naval Research
Develop management plans and measurement measures for fisheries
Regional Fisheries Management Councils
Maritime enforcers
U.S Navy
Boat traffic enforcement and national protection, marine environmental protection, fisheries enforcement, drug interdiction, immigration, customs, navigational safety and signage.
US Coast Guard
Manages national wildlife refugees and national fish hatcheries, enforces federal laws and regulations, implements endangered species act.
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Administers US foreign aid to developing countries.
United States Agency for International Development