US History and Constitution B (EOC 20) - Unit 11: World War II and The Cold War Test

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 18. In a paragraph of 3-5 sentences, describe the causes of the Korean War. (4 points)

One of the main causes of the Korean War was the creation of the 38th parallel and its violation by the Northern Korean soldiers. This action led to the division between South and North Korea. The Korean war surfaced after World War II as the Southern part was greatly supported by the United Nations while the Northern part was dominated and supported by the Soviet Union & the Republic of China. Another cause of the Korean War was when during the Cold War, North Korea created a communist government and as a result of its intention to expand its borders, established a political border leading to a war between the two divided parts. The 3 main causes of the Korean War: 1. The spread of communism during the Cold War. 2. American containment. 3. Japanese occupation of Korea during World War II. 4/4 points

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 13. Drag each post World War II policy to its description. Each choice will only be used once. (1 point) A. Created a federal minimum wage; expanded social security and public housing; limited child labor B. provides monthly benefits to disabled workers and children C. paid tuition for college for veterans; paid a year of unemployment; offered low interests loans D. limited presidential terms to a maximum of two terms 1. G.I Bill of Rights 2. 22nd Amendment 3. Fair Deal 4. Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)

1. G.I Bill of Rights- C. paid tuition for college for veterans; paid a year of unemployment; offered low interests loans 2. 22nd Amendment- D. limited presidential terms to a maximum of two terms 3. Fair Deal- A. Created a federal minimum wage; expanded social security and public housing; limited child labor 4. Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)- B. provides monthly benefits to disabled workers and children 2/2 points

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) Use the poster to answer the question. The poster is on a document. () 2. In 3-5 sentences, interpret how the government attempted to gain citizens' cooperation using this war poster. (4 points)

12/4 points Feedback: **12/12 points: All typed response questions have been dropped for this assessment**

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 18. Drag the events in the arms race and space race between the United States and the Soviet Union in order. (1 point) A. The United States tested its first hydrogen bomb and the Soviet Union responded. B. Congress passed the "Space Act" to create NASA to get Americans into space. C. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite. D. The United States developed long-range missiles, or ICBMs.

A. The United States tested its first hydrogen bomb and the Soviet Union responded. D. The United States developed long-range missiles, or ICBMs. C. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite. B. Congress passed the "Space Act" to create NASA to get Americans into space. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 3. Why did the United States choose to land in North Africa before continental Europe? (1 point) A. U.S. troops could safely land in North Africa since it was controlled by the Allies. B. North Africa bordered Germany, making invasion easier. C. North Africa had betrayed Germany and asked for Allied help. D. North Africa was allied with the Soviet Union, making an alliance convenient.

A. U.S. troops could safely land in North Africa since it was controlled by the Allies.

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 19. What types of television programming were popular during the 1950s? (1 point) A. westerns and soap operas B. hospital dramas and science fiction C. war dramas and documentaries D. reality television and talk shows

A. westerns and soap operas 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 26. Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the Brown v. Board of Education decision in Little Rock, Arkansas? (1 point) A. Southerners quickly integrated many stores, restaurants, hotels and schools in response. B. Eisenhower had to send in U.S. marshals to escort African American students to public school. C. The state government was able to prevent mob violence and backlash from southern whites. D. The school district was reluctant to accept segregation, but many teachers were supportive.

B. Eisenhower had to send in U.S. marshals to escort African American students to public school. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 4. How did Franklin Roosevelt help the Allies prior to the United States involvement in the war? (1 point) A. He sent a small number of military troops to Europe to fight with the Allied forces. B. He provided weapons to the Allies without expecting payment until after the war. C. He bombed German U-boats that were lurking off the coast of Britain. D. He presented his vision for a world in which all people had basic freedoms.

B. He provided weapons to the Allies without expecting payment until after the war. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 16. Why did President Truman give $13 billion in aid to European countries after the war? (1 point) A. He wished to bribe the governments of European countries to remain democracies. B. He wanted to reinforce positive feelings toward the United States. C.He wished to support French and Italian communists. D. He wanted to boost the sales of European goods to help those countries recover.

B. He wanted to reinforce positive feelings toward the United States. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 4. How did the D-Day invasion impact the outcome of World War 11? (1 point) A. It made it possible for British and American troops to fight with Soviet armies. B. It allowed Allied troops to advance into Germany once France was free. C. It forced Germany to fight a war with the Soviet Union. D. It provided Hitler with the means to invade Italy.​

B. It allowed Allied troops to advance into Germany once France was free. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 6. Why was the Battle of Midway significant? (1 point) A. It kept the Japanese from winning other victories in the Pacific. B. It marked the Japanese navy's first defeat. C. It was an important base for bombing Hawaii. D. It stopped Japan from fighting a defensive war.

B. It marked the Japanese navy's first defeat. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 32. What is the main reason the relocation of Japanese Americans during World War II proved unnecessary? A. Most Japanese Americans did not want to fight in the war against Japan. B. No interned Japanese Americans were found guilty of sabotage or espionage. C. Japanese Americans should not have lost their homes or possessions. D. The majority of interned Japanese Americans had been born in the United States.

B. No interned Japanese Americans were found guilty of sabotage or espionage. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 16. What is the long-term impact of the Korean War on North and South Korea? (1 point) A. North Korea has invaded other countries, and South Korea has been peaceful. B. North Korea has grown isolated, while South Korea's economy has grown. C. North Korea was a Nationalist country, while South Korea is a Communist country. D. North Korea was allied with the French, while South Korea allied with Germany.​

B. North Korea has grown isolated, while South Korea's economy has grown. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) Use the cause-and-effect chart to answer the question. Cause - ? Effect - Congress created and funded NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 22. Which of the following best completes the chart? (1 point) A. The Soviet Union tested its first powerful hydrogen bomb. B. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik, an artificial satellite. C. The Soviet Union built the first International Space Station. D. The Soviet Union landed on the moon with a manned spacecraft.

B. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik, an artificial satellite. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 15. What key disagreement caused a collapse in the alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II? (1 point) A. The Soviet Union wanted technology and the military to expand, while the United States wanted to focus on recovery. B. The Soviet Union supported communism, while the United States supported democracy and a free market. C. The Soviet Union supported Italy, Germany, and Britain, while the United States allied with China and France. D. The Soviet Union wanted isolationism in foreign policy, while the United States shifted to active engagement.

B. The Soviet Union supported communism, while the United States supported democracy and a free market. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 14. How did the United States rise to superpower status after World War II? (1 point) A. The performance of the United States military in the war gained the respect of countries around the world. B. The foreign superpowers before the war, such as Great Britain and France, were too weak to continue policing the globe. C. The policy of neutrality before the war allowed the United States to befriend most countries of the world. D. The industrialization at the beginning of the century enabled the United States to build their military and gain status.

B. The foreign superpowers before the war, such as Great Britain and France, were too weak to continue policing the globe. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 25. Which demographic shift caused a change in the idea of the traditional American family after the war? (1 point) A. Women were encouraged to stay in their positions in factories to support their families. B. Women were encouraged to quit their jobs and return to their lives managing their home. C. Women were encouraged to return to school to improve their families' social status. D. Women were encouraged to get part-time jobs to support their families.

B. Women were encouraged to quit their jobs and return to their lives managing their home. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) Use this excerpt from an article about the effects of the Korean War to answer the question. It was the Korean War that erroneously persuaded US leaders that only the direct application of military power could contain what they now perceived as a dire Soviet threat menacing the entire world. The main legacy of Korea was that the United States thereafter pursued a foreign policy of global intervention emphasizing a reliance on military means to maintain the status quo. Had it not been for the flawed assumptions that US leaders derived from the Korean War, the Cold War arguably would have ended much earlier and at far less cost in both human lives and material resources. 20. What does this excerpt argue about the long-term effect of the Korean War on U.S. foreign policy? (1 point) A. The United States was motivated to build up its nuclear program. B. The United States began to intervene for humanitarian reasons. C. The United States believed only military intervention could stop communism. D. The United States ignored the dangers of Nationalist dictatorships.

C. The United States believed only military intervention could stop communism. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 12. Which of the following were benefits of the G.I. Bill of Rights for veterans? Select the two correct answers. (1 point) A. federal minimum wage requirements B. tuition for college or vocational school C. national healthcare at affordable costs D. food and housing vouchers for families E. low-interest loans for homes and businesses

B. tuition for college or vocational school E. low-interest loans for homes and businesses 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 15. What major event in Asia motivated the United States to get involved in the Korean War? (1 point) A. Taiwan had become a stronghold for Communist ideas in Asia. B. Vietnam had been taken over by a Nationalist dictator, Ho Chi Minh. C. Communism was spreading throughout China. D. Japan was undergoing major changes in their political development.

C. Communism was spreading throughout China. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 9. Which of the following statements provides an effect of the G.I. Bill of Rights? (1 point) A. It outlawed segregation and helped cities become more diverse. B. It gave critical support to the elderly and people with disabilities. C. It created a well-educated and skilled workforce of veterans. D. It resulted in the quick demobilization of the U.S. military.

C. It created a well-educated and skilled workforce of veterans. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) Use the cause-and-effect chart to answer the question. Cause - Franklin Roosevelt issued an executive order to relocate over 120,000 Japanese Americans to internment camps. Effects - ? 7. Which of the following best completes the chart? (1 point) A. Many Japanese Americans were found guilty of sabotage or espionage. B. Many Japanese Americans chose to move from their homes voluntarily. C. Japanese Americans lost many of their belongings, properties, and businesses. D. Japanese Americans sought to harm other Americans and the country.

C. Japanese Americans lost many of their belongings, properties, and businesses. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 27. What was the community's reaction to the Little Rock Nine integrating an Arkansas high school? (1 point) A. Deadly violence erupted as the students entered the building. B. Local politicians came to encourage integration. C. People gathered at the high school to intimidate the students. D. The Little Rock Nine was a rare case in which integration was accepted.

C. People gathered at the high school to intimidate the students. 1/1 point

End of (11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 33. What support did women receive from the government during the war? A. The military created schools to train nurses so women could join the military. B. Eleanor Roosevelt convinced leaders of the Manhattan Project to hire female chemists. C. President Roosevelt started the first U.S. government childcare services centers. D. The military created units of women soldiers, such as the WACs and the WASPs.

C. President Roosevelt started the first U.S. government childcare services centers. 1/1 point The final score is 44/44 (100%). (That is if you put those answers.)

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 8. What happened immediately after the Allied paratroopers landed in northern France? (1 point) A. The Allied forces confused the Germans with an air attack. B. The Allied forces defeated Soviet troops in Stalingrad. C. The Allied forces made amphibious landings to attack Normandy beaches. D. The Allied forces established beachheads throughout Normandy.

C. The Allied forces made amphibious landings to attack Normandy beaches. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 5. How did the Allies respond to finding evidence of the Holocaust in Nazi Germany? (1 point) A. The Allies immediately imprisoned the Nazis responsible for the Holocaust. B. The Allies ignored the situation until soldiers found camp buildings and graves. C. The Allies prosecuted the Nazis as war criminals at the Nuremberg trials. D. The Allies made monetary donations to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust.​

C. The Allies prosecuted the Nazis as war criminals at the Nuremberg trials. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) Use the cause-and-effect chart to answer the question. Cause - The United States practiced isolationism and passed the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1937, and 1939. Effect - ? 30. Which of the following best completes the chart? A. The United States experienced a particularly strong economy. B. The United States was able to develop new military technology. C. The United States was unprepared to participate in a war in Europe D. The United States monitored the growing aggressive powers in Europe.

C. The United States was unprepared to participate in a war in Europe 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 7. Which of the following was an outcome of the Yalta conference? (1 point) A. The United Kingdom agreed to join the war against Japan. B. The Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations. C. The countries agreed to divide Germany into four zones of occupation. D. The United States agreed to occupy Poland until free elections could be held.

C. The countries agreed to divide Germany into four zones of occupation. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 24. What did the members of the Beat movement believe? (1 point) A. They believed Americans should be more patriotic. B. They believed more Americans should move to the country and buy farms. C. They believed postwar American culture was boring and pointless. D. They believed their mission in life was to spread democracy around the world.

C. They believed postwar American culture was boring and pointless. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 2. What aggressive military policies did the Japanese take part in that laid the foundation of the Axis powers? (1 point) A. They invaded the Soviet Union to have a military presence near China. B. They expanded their military out of fear of being attacked by Germany or Italy. C. They joined Germany and Italy in a pact to defend each other from communism. D. They overthrew the emperor and established a parliamentary form of government.

C. They joined Germany and Italy in a pact to defend each other from communism. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 10. What was the goal of the U.S. strategy of island hopping in the Pacific Theater during World War II? (1 point) A. to invade mainland Japan from China B. to overwhelm Japan using its naval fleet C. to establish island military bases to bomb Japan D. to use propaganda to win over the Japanese people

C. to establish island military bases to bomb Japan 1/1 point

End of (11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 21. What was the impact of the Montgomery Bus Boycott? (1 point) A. This peaceful action yielded quick and effective results, and the bus companies changed their policies immediately. B. The bus company refused to hire African American drivers, even though the buses mostly served people of color. C. Many African Americans became frustrated and riots occurred on the buses in Montgomery. D. After over a year of boycotting, African Americans succeeded in desegregating the bus system.

D. After over a year of boycotting, African Americans succeeded in desegregating the bus system. 1/1 point The final score is 22/22 (100%). (That is if you put those answers.)

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 3. Why was the British policy of appeasement problematic? (1 point) A. Germany limited their military growth because of the British treaties. B. Germany turned to the ideas of communism to support their propaganda. C. Germany limited their military growth because of the British treaties. D. Germany was able to annex several areas of Europe with few consequences.

D. Germany was able to annex several areas of Europe with few consequences. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) Use the chart to answer the question. Cause - ? Effect - The United States and the Soviet Union emerged as the world's two superpowers locked in a contest for supremacy. 13. Which of the following best completes the chart? (1 point) A. The Soviet Union's population was at an all-time low after the war. B. The United States had gone through a sudden technological revolution. C. The Yalta and Potsdam conferences neutralized many other world powers. D. Other nations were devastated on a military and economic level after the war.

D. Other nations were devastated on a military and economic level after the war. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 1. Drag the following events that contributed to the rise of totalitarianism in Germany in the correct order. (1 point) A. The Nazis became the largest party in the German legislature. B. Nearly 30 percent of the German labor force became unemployed. C. The German Communist Party grew, upsetting wealthy and middle-class Germans. D. Severe economic problems brought about more severe political divisions.

D. Severe economic problems brought about more severe political divisions. C. The German Communist Party grew, upsetting wealthy and middle-class Germans. B. Nearly 30 percent of the German labor force became unemployed. A. The Nazis became the largest party in the German legislature. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) Use the cause-and-effect chart to answer the question. Cause - American businesses switched factories to wartime production. Effect - ? 31. Which of the following best completes the chart? A. Civilian goods flooded the market at lower prices. B. Many U.S. companies were forced into bankruptcy. C. Factories lost workers to the war and shut down. D. U.S. companies received government contracts and prospered.

D. U.S. companies received government contracts and prospered. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 9. Which of the following best describes Hitler's final solution? (1 point) A. taking over all traditional lands in Europe B. keeping Allied forces out of France during D-Day C. consolidating power as a dictator of Germany D. killing all of the Jewish people in Europe

D. killing all of the Jewish people in Europe 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 17. What was the purpose of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)? (1 point) A. to help people with mental illnesses get treatment B. to improve patriotism and enthusiasm in the United States C. to stop people from collaborating with the Vietnamese or Koreans D. to identify suspected Communists in business, academia, and the media

D. to identify suspected Communists in business, academia, and the media 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 12. Which of the following are reasons why many African Americans did not benefit from the economic prosperity most white Americans enjoyed? Select the two correct answers. (1 point) A. African Americans received dishonorable discharges from the military. B. African Americans could only attend certain colleges. C. African Americans mainly lived in the South. D. African Americans were not interested in moving to the suburbs. E. African Americans made less money than their white counterparts.

B. African Americans could only attend certain colleges. E. African Americans made less money than their white counterparts. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 11. Why did President Truman decide to drop the atomic bombs on Japan? Select the two correct answers. (1 point) A. The Japanese navy still posed a major threat for the Allied forces. B. Casualties in the Pacific Theater had been very high for Americans. C. Truman feared the Japanese were developing atomic weapon technology. D. Conventional bombings of Tokyo and other cities had not led to surrender. E. Truman did not anticipate the damage that the atomic bombs would cause.

B. Casualties in the Pacific Theater had been very high for Americans. D. Conventional bombings of Tokyo and other cities had not led to surrender. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 8. Which of the following military leaders planned and led the D-Day invasion of 1944? (1 point) A. General George Patton B. General Dwight D. Eisenhower C. Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery D. General James Dolittle

B. General Dwight D. Eisenhower 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 19. Why did Truman provide financial aid to help France defeat the Viet Minh? (1 point) A. The Viet Minh had developed dangerous weapons. B. The Viet Minh were led by a Communist sympathizer. C. The Viet Minh were threatening to bomb the United States. D. The Viet Minh were causing starvation and strife in Vietnam.

B. The Viet Minh were led by a Communist sympathizer. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 20. Drag each court case or legislation from the Civil Rights Movement to its description and impact. Each example matches with one description. (2 points) 1. Ruling that said that segregating children of Hispanic descent was unconstitutional 2. Integrated the military and ensured equal treatment of people of different races 3. Integrated public schools and made "separate but equal" education no longer constitutional 4. Protected civil rights and voting rights for African Americans A. Executive Order 9981 B. Brown v. Board of Education C. Civil Rights Act of 1957 D. Mendez v. Westminster

A. Executive Order 9981- 2. Integrated the military and ensured equal treatment of people of different races B. Brown v. Board of Education- 3. Integrated public schools and made "separate but equal" education no longer constitutional C. Civil Rights Act of 1957- 4. Protected civil rights and voting rights for African Americans D. Mendez v. Westminster-1. Ruling that said that segregating children of Hispanic descent was unconstitutional 2/2 points

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 21. How did the ways J. Edgar Hoover and Joseph McCarthy oppose communism differ? (1 point) A. Hoover used surveillance to identify suspected traitors, while McCarthy used hearings. B. Hoover's search was very public, while McCarthy pursued communism in a more secretive manner. C. Hoover sought out communism overseas, while McCarthy looked for Communist sympathizers in the U.S. D. Hoover looked for communism in entertainment, while McCarthy looked for communism in the government.

A. Hoover used surveillance to identify suspected traitors, while McCarthy used hearings. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 17. Which of the following was an effect of U.S. Cold War era interference in Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East? (1 point) A. Interventions resulted in decades of instability and poor leadership in those regions. B. Interventions led to the United States backing anti-Communist regimes in Africa. C. Interventions allowed the Soviet Union to thwart the spread of communism around the world. D. Interventions led to many countries becoming wealthier due to business ties to the United States.

A. Interventions resulted in decades of instability and poor leadership in those regions. 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 6. How did the Selective Service legislation passed in September 1940 contribute to mobilization? (1 point) A. It required men to register for the draft. B. It required women to buy Victory stamps. C. It required American factories to convert to wartime production. D. It required men to enlist in the armed forces.

A. It required men to register for the draft. 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) The broad conclusions of this Note may be summarized as follows: (a) A. _A German absorption of Czechoslovakia will enhance her military prestige, increase her war potential and probably enable her to dispose of stronger land forces_ against France and ourselves than she can do at present. (b) So far as air power is concerned, B. _Germany may be able to maintain her lead over the Franco-British Air Forces in air striking power._ On the other hand, it is open to us, provided that we make the necessary effort, to catch her up, or at least greatly reduce her lead, in the matter of defense (both active and passive) against air attack. By so doing we shall have heavily insured ourselves against the greatest danger to which we are present exposed: indeed by C. _substantially reducing Germany's only chance of a rapid decision, we shall have provided a strong deterrent against her making the attempt._ (c) It follows, therefore, that, from the military point of view, time is in our favor, and that, D. _if war with Germany has to come, it would be better to fight her in say 6-12 months' time, than to accept the present challenge._ To answer the question, read the following excerpt of a letter from a General Ismay to the British Cabinet in September 1938 is about a meeting between Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and Adolf Hitler. 23. Select the two highlighted examples that identify problems with the British policy of appeasement. (1 point)

A. _A German absorption of Czechoslovakia will enhance her military prestige, increase her war potential and probably enable her to dispose of stronger land forces_ B. _Germany may be able to maintain her lead over the Franco-British Air Forces in air striking power._ 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. A. _I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes._ B. _The world is not static, and the status quo is not sacred. But we cannot allow changes in the status quo in violation of the Charter of the United Nations_ by such methods as coercion, or by such subterfuges as political infiltration. In helping free and independent nations to maintain their freedom, the United States will be giving effect to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. C. _It is necessary only to glance at a map to realize that the survival and integrity of the Greek nation are of grave importance in a much wider situation._ If Greece should fall under the control of an armed minority, the effect upon its neighbor, Turkey, would be immediate and serious. D. _Confusion and disorder might well spread throughout the entire Middle East._ Read this excerpt from President Truman's speech to Congress about the Truman Doctrine on May 12, 1947, to answer the question. 14. At the time, the Soviet Union had threatened Greece and Turkey with its military actions. Choose the highlighted example that shows what the U.S. plans to do in response. (1 point)

A. _I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes._ 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them [the Allies] as well as for ourselves. A. _They do not need manpower, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense._ The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash. B._ We cannot, and we will not, tell them that they must surrender,_ merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have. C. _I do not recommend that we make them a loan of dollars with which to pay for these weapons_ — a loan to be repaid in dollars. I recommend that we make it possible for those nations to continue to obtain war materials in the United States, fitting their orders into our own program. Nearly all their material would, if the time ever came, be useful for our own defense. Taking counsel of expert military and naval authorities, considering what is best for our own security, we are free to decide how much should be kept here and how much should be sent abroad to our friends who by their determined and heroic resistance are giving us time in which to make ready our own defense. For what we send abroad, we shall be repaid within a reasonable time following the close of hostilities, in similar materials, or, at our option, in other goods of many kinds, which they can produce and which we need. Let us say to the democracies: D. "We Americans are vitally concerned in your defense of freedom._ We are putting forth our energies, our resources and our organizing powers to give you the strength to regain and maintain a free world. E. _We shall send you, in ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns._ This is our purpose and our pledge." Read this excerpt from Franklin Roosevelt's Four Freedom's speech to Congress in 1941 to answer the question. 28. Select the two highlighted examples that show what Roosevelt planned on providing the Allies to help them fight the Nazis. (1 point)

A. _They do not need manpower, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense._ E. _We shall send you, in ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns._ 1/1 point

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) A. _Yesterday, December 7, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy -- the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan..._ It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. B. _During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace._ C. _The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. In addition American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu._ Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam. D. _Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands._ Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island. And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island. Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves... Read this excerpt from Franklin Roosevelt's speech to Congress on December 8, 1941, to answer the question. 5. Select the two highlighted examples that show the United States was surprised by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. (1 point)

A. _Yesterday, December 7, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy -- the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan..._ B. _During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace._ 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) A. _The United States could launch a traditional ground invasion of the Japanese home islands._ However, experience showed that the Japanese did not easily surrender. They had been willing to make great sacrifices to defend the smallest islands. They were likely to fight even more fiercely if the United States invaded their homeland. During the battle at Iwo Jima in 1945, 6,200 US soldiers died. Later that year, on Okinawa, 13,000 soldiers and sailors were killed. Casualties on Okinawa were 35 percent; one out of three US participants was wounded or killed. Truman was afraid that an invasion of Japan would look like "Okinawa from one end of Japan to the other." B. _Casualty predictions varied, but all were high. The price of invasion would be millions of American dead and wounded._ Estimates did not include Japanese casualties. C. _Truman and his military advisers assumed that a ground invasion would "be opposed not only by the available organized military forces of the Empire, but also by a fanatically hostile population."_Documents discovered after the war indicated that they were right. Despite knowing the cause was hopeless, Japan planned a resistance so ferocious, resulting in costs so appalling, that they hoped that the United States would simply call for a cease fire where each nation would agree to stop fighting and each nation would retain the territory they occupied at the time. Almost one-quarter million Japanese casualties were expected in the invasion. Truman wrote, "My object is to save as many American lives as possible but I also have a human feeling for the women and children of Japan." D. _In August 1945, it appeared inevitable that Japanese civilians would have to suffer more death and casualties before surrender._ A ground invasion would result in excessive American casualties as well. Use the excerpt from the article "Harry S Truman's Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb" to answer the question. 10. Select the two highlighted examples that identify reasons why President Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan. (1 point)

B. _Casualty predictions varied, but all were high. The price of invasion would be millions of American dead and wounded._ C. _Truman and his military advisers assumed that a ground invasion would "be opposed not only by the available organized military forces of the Empire, but also by a fanatically hostile population."_ 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) A. _Churchill's warnings about the danger of the new Nazi regime in Germany initially fell on deaf ears._ In 1938 Britain and Germany almost went to war over Hitler's desire to annex part of Czechoslovakia. Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain flew to Munich to secure a guarantee that there would be no further German aggression. Churchill was critical of the policy of appeasement and broadcast directly to the United States, appealing for greater American involvement in Europe. When B. _Hitler occupied Prague and the Czech provinces of Bohemia and Moravia_, Churchill's predictions were seen to be coming true. C. _In September 1939 Germany invaded Poland._ The attack touched off the world struggle that D. _Churchill would later call "The Unnecessary War" because he felt a firm policy toward aggressor nations after World War I would have prevented the conflict_. Chamberlain brought Churchill into government again as First Lord of the Admiralty. Churchill became Prime Minister on May 10, 1940, the day E. _Hitler launched his invasion of France, Belgium, and Holland_. During the tense months that followed, Britain stood alone with her Empire and Commonwealth, surviving the Battle of Britain and the Blitz. Churchill's speeches and broadcasts carried a message of determination and defiance around the globe. Use the excerpt from "The Unnecessary War" to answer the question. 11. Select the three highlighted examples that cite Germany's aggressive behavior at the beginning of the war. (2 points)

B. _Hitler occupied Prague and the Czech provinces of Bohemia and Moravia_ C. _In September 1939 Germany invaded Poland._ E. _Hitler launched his invasion of France, Belgium, and Holland_ 2/2 points

(11.1) World War II and the Cold War Practice- Practice (1-21) 1. Which factor occurred in Europe during the 1920s that brought about fascism? (1 point) A. a decline in unemployment B. a focus on national unity and militarism C. the growth of European economies D. an increase in agricultural prices

B. a focus on national unity and militarism 1/1 point

(11.2) World War II and the Cold War Unit Test- Test (1-33) 29. In a paragraph of 3-5 sentences, describe how everyday Americans and the U.S. government responded to the attack on Pearl Harbor. (4 points)

The Japanese attack occurred in 1941 on the United States Naval officers at Pearl Habor which led to the destruction of ships and the death of thousands of Americans. At that time, the United States was engaging in a peaceful resolution with Japan to create peace in Asia. Aggrieved at the deceptive act of the Japanese, the United States President at that time, Roosevelt had a meeting with Congress. The outcome of this led to the declaration of war against Japan and all its allies. The U.S. government recruited the Military and supplied enough arms and ammunition to the British Empire and the Soviet Union, thereby changing to a War economy and The U.S. government responded to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor by declaring war on Japan and all of its allies. 4/4 points