Video Guide: NOVA -- "Hunting the Elements"
The alkali metals, such as sodium, have ______ electron in their outer shell.
1
How much gold is harvested per ton of earth from the underground mine?
1 ounce
What is the worth of one 60-pound bar of gold?
1.5 million USD
Some manmade elements only persist for ____ seconds
10
How many different elements are there?
118
Atoms of silicon have ______ protons and electrons.
14
An oxygen atom wants to gain ______ electrons.
2
What is the symbol for gold?
AU
The number of protons in an atom is known as the element's ______.
Atomic number
When copper and tin are mixed together, the alloy ______ is formed.
Bronze
The elements that make up humans (symbols only) are:
C,H,N,O,P,S
Which isotope of carbon is used to determine the age of ancient remains?
Carbon-14
Two rows above gold is the metal:
Copper
Which subatomic particles determine an element's reactivity?
Electrons
What process is used to separate gold atoms from crushed rock?
Fire assay
The splitting of a uranium atom/nucleus is called
Fission
Atoms with 1 proton are the element ______; atoms with 2 protons are ______.
Hydrogen; helium
In what objects/industries is copper used?
Infrastructure, electronics; wire
What are some unique properties of gold?
It doesn't rust; it is malleable, durable
What are some unique properties of copper?
It is conductive, malleable; repels bacteria
Why isn't copper alone used to make bells?
It is too soft, easy to dent
What will an atom of chlorine do to complete its outer shell?
It will take an electron from another atom
The chemical symbol of each element is based on the element's name in which language?
Latin
More than 70% of the elements on the periodic table are ______.
Metals
Sodium is important for:
Nervous system function
A chain reaction begins with bombarding a sample of uranium atoms with one ______.
Neutron
Metal forms crystals, which means that they have an ______ of atoms.
Orderly arrangement
Nitrates consist of three ______ atoms connected to one nitrogen atom.
Oxygen
Atoms of hydrogen have one_______ and one _______.
Proton; electron
What is the symbol for tin? What is its atomic number?
SN; 50
Glass is made by melting what common substance?
Sand
Some of the rare earth elements have been found to be useful in repelling which marine animals?
Sharks
The two elements found in sand are:
Silicon and oxygen
Gold does not share its electrons easily. Therefore, it is not very chemically reactive. What are two other metals that, like gold, don't react with other elements?
Silver and platinum
Why are the noble gases called "noble"?
They don't react or form compounds with other elements
What do the alkali metals do with that one electron?
They lose it
It is possible that the crack in the famous Liberty Bell was caused by too much:
Tin
From which bodily fluid can we harvest the element Phosphorus?
Urine
What are some "trace" elements necessary for the body? Calcium, iron, magnesium, ______, and sodium.
Zinc
Oxygen makes up ______ percent of our atmosphere.
21%
How many electrons are in the first shell of electrons? The second?
2; 8
How many electrons are in the outer shell of a carbon atom?
4
Carbon-14 can be used to date artifacts up to ______ years old.
40,000
All atoms of carbon have _____ protons.
6
How many electrons are in the outer shell of an oxygen atom?
6
Humans (and all living things) are made up of mainly just ______ elements.
6
What percent of a person's body is oxygen?
65%
How many electrons does chlorine have in its outermost shell?
7
What is gold's atomic number?
79
How many electrons do the noble gases have in their outermost shell?
8
Atoms of uranium have ______ protons and electrons.
92
Atoms of plutonium have ______ protons and electrons.
94
