Video Guide: NOVA -- "Hunting the Elements"

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The alkali metals, such as sodium, have ______ electron in their outer shell.

1

How much gold is harvested per ton of earth from the underground mine?

1 ounce

What is the worth of one 60-pound bar of gold?

1.5 million USD

Some manmade elements only persist for ____ seconds

10

How many different elements are there?

118

Atoms of silicon have ______ protons and electrons.

14

An oxygen atom wants to gain ______ electrons.

2

What is the symbol for gold?

AU

The number of protons in an atom is known as the element's ______.

Atomic number

When copper and tin are mixed together, the alloy ______ is formed.

Bronze

The elements that make up humans (symbols only) are:

C,H,N,O,P,S

Which isotope of carbon is used to determine the age of ancient remains?

Carbon-14

Two rows above gold is the metal:

Copper

Which subatomic particles determine an element's reactivity?

Electrons

What process is used to separate gold atoms from crushed rock?

Fire assay

The splitting of a uranium atom/nucleus is called

Fission

Atoms with 1 proton are the element ______; atoms with 2 protons are ______.

Hydrogen; helium

In what objects/industries is copper used?

Infrastructure, electronics; wire

What are some unique properties of gold?

It doesn't rust; it is malleable, durable

What are some unique properties of copper?

It is conductive, malleable; repels bacteria

Why isn't copper alone used to make bells?

It is too soft, easy to dent

What will an atom of chlorine do to complete its outer shell?

It will take an electron from another atom

The chemical symbol of each element is based on the element's name in which language?

Latin

More than 70% of the elements on the periodic table are ______.

Metals

Sodium is important for:

Nervous system function

A chain reaction begins with bombarding a sample of uranium atoms with one ______.

Neutron

Metal forms crystals, which means that they have an ______ of atoms.

Orderly arrangement

Nitrates consist of three ______ atoms connected to one nitrogen atom.

Oxygen

Atoms of hydrogen have one_______ and one _______.

Proton; electron

What is the symbol for tin? What is its atomic number?

SN; 50

Glass is made by melting what common substance?

Sand

Some of the rare earth elements have been found to be useful in repelling which marine animals?

Sharks

The two elements found in sand are:

Silicon and oxygen

Gold does not share its electrons easily. Therefore, it is not very chemically reactive. What are two other metals that, like gold, don't react with other elements?

Silver and platinum

Why are the noble gases called "noble"?

They don't react or form compounds with other elements

What do the alkali metals do with that one electron?

They lose it

It is possible that the crack in the famous Liberty Bell was caused by too much:

Tin

From which bodily fluid can we harvest the element Phosphorus?

Urine

What are some "trace" elements necessary for the body? Calcium, iron, magnesium, ______, and sodium.

Zinc

Oxygen makes up ______ percent of our atmosphere.

21%

How many electrons are in the first shell of electrons? The second?

2; 8

How many electrons are in the outer shell of a carbon atom?

4

Carbon-14 can be used to date artifacts up to ______ years old.

40,000

All atoms of carbon have _____ protons.

6

How many electrons are in the outer shell of an oxygen atom?

6

Humans (and all living things) are made up of mainly just ______ elements.

6

What percent of a person's body is oxygen?

65%

How many electrons does chlorine have in its outermost shell?

7

What is gold's atomic number?

79

How many electrons do the noble gases have in their outermost shell?

8

Atoms of uranium have ______ protons and electrons.

92

Atoms of plutonium have ______ protons and electrons.

94


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