Waves and Electromagnetic Spectrum

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High-pitched note

A high frequency sound wave arising from a rapidly vibrating source.

Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?

A sound wave

Ultraviolet Radiation

Can sanitize surfaces by killing bacteria. Not so great for body cells that we want to keep healthy.

Which of the following describes the applications of radio waves?

Communication via cell phones and maritime navigation

Which of the following are applications of gamma rays?

Decreasing spoilage in foods and killing cancer cells

What moves from source to receiver in a wave motion?

Energy

Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?

Gamma rays

Which forms of electromagnetic radiation are higher in energy than visible light?

Gamma rays, X-rays, and ultraviolet radiation only

Which of the following statements correctly describes sound waves?

High frequency sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate rapidly which is interpreted by the brain as a high pitch.

Which of the following describes how electromagnetic waves are used in meteorology?

Infrared radiation is used to determine cloud temperature and hurricane structure.

How are light waves different than sound waves?

Light waves result from the acceleration of electrons whereas sound waves result when disturbances cause the movement of molecules.

During a thunderstorm, residents of a town see bright flashes of lightning. They hear claps of thunder several seconds later. Which statement best explains these observations?

Light waves travel faster than sound waves.

Which statement correctly compares sound waves and light waves?

Light waves travel faster than sound waves.

Which of the following correctly describes wave motion?

Longitudinal waves consist of compressions and rarefactions moving parallel to the wave motion.

Infrared

Medicine: Doctors use infrared lamps to treat skin diseases and relieve the pain of sore muscles. Science: Scientific advances pertaining to infrared have allowed buildings to keep cool even in the summer.

Can sound travel through a vacuum?

No, most sound is transmitted through air but any elastic substance-solid, liquid, gas can.

Does the medium in which a wave travels move with the wave?

No, the medium does not travel with the wave.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the movement of seismic waves?

Primary waves are longitudinal waves that travel with the greatest speed.

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

Radio waves

Which of the following statements correctly describes the speed of sound?

Sound moves faster than soft sounds.

Doppler effect

The change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source.

Amplitude

The distance from the midpoint to the crest.

Which of the following statements provides an example of reflection of light and sound?

The distance of a passing care in a rearview mirror, echoes produced in a mountain valley.

Constructive waves

The interference of 2 or more waves of equal frequency and phase, resulting in their mutual reinforcement and producing a single amplitude equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the individuals waves.

Destructive waves

The interference of 2 waves of equal frequency and opposite phase, resulting in their cancellation where the negative displacement of one always coincides with the positive displacement of the other.

Compression

The region where the particles are condensed together in a longitudinal wave.

Rarfraction

The region where the particles are stretched away in the longitudinal wave.

Reflection

The returning of a wave to the medium for which it came when it hits a barrier.

Radio waves

Transmission of radio programs in FM and AM frequency, satellite transmission, cell phones, and radar.

Which of the following correctly describes ocean waves?

Tsunami waves travel mainly underwater but increase in height when they reach the shoreline.

Which of the following correctly describes wave interference?

Two transverse waves in phase combined resulting in greater amplitude.

Which of the following lists forms of electromagnetic radiation in order from highest energy to west energy?

Ultraviolet light, visible light, & microwaves

Microwaves

Use microwaves to cook many types of food. Mobile phones use microwaves, as they can be generated by a small antenna, which means that the phone doesn't need to be very big. The drawback is that, being small, they can't put out much power, and they also need a line of sight to the transmitter.

X-rays

Used by health care providers to detect broken bones, fractures, and dental cavities.

Gamma Rays

Used in medicine for cancer treatment such as radiation therapy, and even in cancer diagnosis.

Which of the following correctly shows the colors of visible light in order from high frequency to low frequency?

Violent, green, yellow, red

electromagnetic spectrum

Violet, short wavelength, high energy, 400nm Indigo, gamma ray. X-ray Blue, ultra-violet Green Yellow, infrared Orange, microwave, radio waves Red, long wavelength, low energy, 700nm

Transverse waves

Waves the pile up and down

Longitudinal waves

Waves the pile up left to right

X-rays to make images of structures inside the body, but we cannot use visible light for this?

X-rays have more energy than visible light.

Refraction

bending when passing through a medium

wavelength

distance between the top of one crest to the top of the next crest or from the trough to trough.

large wavelength and large aperture

high levels of diffraction

small aperture

high levels of diffraction

large aperture

low levels of diffraction

Diffraction

spreading when passing through a hole

crest

the high point of the wave

trough

the low point on the wave

Period

time required for a vibration or a wave to make a complete cycle

frequency

total number of vibrations completed in a unit time

What is the source of all waves?

vibrations

What is the relationship among frequency, wavelength, and wave speed?

wave speed = Frequency multiplied by wavelength

Interference

when two waves interact with each other


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