Waves and Electromagnetic Spectrum
High-pitched note
A high frequency sound wave arising from a rapidly vibrating source.
Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?
A sound wave
Ultraviolet Radiation
Can sanitize surfaces by killing bacteria. Not so great for body cells that we want to keep healthy.
Which of the following describes the applications of radio waves?
Communication via cell phones and maritime navigation
Which of the following are applications of gamma rays?
Decreasing spoilage in foods and killing cancer cells
What moves from source to receiver in a wave motion?
Energy
Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?
Gamma rays
Which forms of electromagnetic radiation are higher in energy than visible light?
Gamma rays, X-rays, and ultraviolet radiation only
Which of the following statements correctly describes sound waves?
High frequency sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate rapidly which is interpreted by the brain as a high pitch.
Which of the following describes how electromagnetic waves are used in meteorology?
Infrared radiation is used to determine cloud temperature and hurricane structure.
How are light waves different than sound waves?
Light waves result from the acceleration of electrons whereas sound waves result when disturbances cause the movement of molecules.
During a thunderstorm, residents of a town see bright flashes of lightning. They hear claps of thunder several seconds later. Which statement best explains these observations?
Light waves travel faster than sound waves.
Which statement correctly compares sound waves and light waves?
Light waves travel faster than sound waves.
Which of the following correctly describes wave motion?
Longitudinal waves consist of compressions and rarefactions moving parallel to the wave motion.
Infrared
Medicine: Doctors use infrared lamps to treat skin diseases and relieve the pain of sore muscles. Science: Scientific advances pertaining to infrared have allowed buildings to keep cool even in the summer.
Can sound travel through a vacuum?
No, most sound is transmitted through air but any elastic substance-solid, liquid, gas can.
Does the medium in which a wave travels move with the wave?
No, the medium does not travel with the wave.
Which of the following statements correctly describes the movement of seismic waves?
Primary waves are longitudinal waves that travel with the greatest speed.
Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?
Radio waves
Which of the following statements correctly describes the speed of sound?
Sound moves faster than soft sounds.
Doppler effect
The change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source.
Amplitude
The distance from the midpoint to the crest.
Which of the following statements provides an example of reflection of light and sound?
The distance of a passing care in a rearview mirror, echoes produced in a mountain valley.
Constructive waves
The interference of 2 or more waves of equal frequency and phase, resulting in their mutual reinforcement and producing a single amplitude equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the individuals waves.
Destructive waves
The interference of 2 waves of equal frequency and opposite phase, resulting in their cancellation where the negative displacement of one always coincides with the positive displacement of the other.
Compression
The region where the particles are condensed together in a longitudinal wave.
Rarfraction
The region where the particles are stretched away in the longitudinal wave.
Reflection
The returning of a wave to the medium for which it came when it hits a barrier.
Radio waves
Transmission of radio programs in FM and AM frequency, satellite transmission, cell phones, and radar.
Which of the following correctly describes ocean waves?
Tsunami waves travel mainly underwater but increase in height when they reach the shoreline.
Which of the following correctly describes wave interference?
Two transverse waves in phase combined resulting in greater amplitude.
Which of the following lists forms of electromagnetic radiation in order from highest energy to west energy?
Ultraviolet light, visible light, & microwaves
Microwaves
Use microwaves to cook many types of food. Mobile phones use microwaves, as they can be generated by a small antenna, which means that the phone doesn't need to be very big. The drawback is that, being small, they can't put out much power, and they also need a line of sight to the transmitter.
X-rays
Used by health care providers to detect broken bones, fractures, and dental cavities.
Gamma Rays
Used in medicine for cancer treatment such as radiation therapy, and even in cancer diagnosis.
Which of the following correctly shows the colors of visible light in order from high frequency to low frequency?
Violent, green, yellow, red
electromagnetic spectrum
Violet, short wavelength, high energy, 400nm Indigo, gamma ray. X-ray Blue, ultra-violet Green Yellow, infrared Orange, microwave, radio waves Red, long wavelength, low energy, 700nm
Transverse waves
Waves the pile up and down
Longitudinal waves
Waves the pile up left to right
X-rays to make images of structures inside the body, but we cannot use visible light for this?
X-rays have more energy than visible light.
Refraction
bending when passing through a medium
wavelength
distance between the top of one crest to the top of the next crest or from the trough to trough.
large wavelength and large aperture
high levels of diffraction
small aperture
high levels of diffraction
large aperture
low levels of diffraction
Diffraction
spreading when passing through a hole
crest
the high point of the wave
trough
the low point on the wave
Period
time required for a vibration or a wave to make a complete cycle
frequency
total number of vibrations completed in a unit time
What is the source of all waves?
vibrations
What is the relationship among frequency, wavelength, and wave speed?
wave speed = Frequency multiplied by wavelength
Interference
when two waves interact with each other