WC Chapter 9 Quiz

define cultural diffusion

the spread of cultural elements from one society to another

Polo

a sport where teams ride on horse back and strike a ball through a goal Muslims looked at horses as status symbols: became popular with the wealthy

List one example of famous Muslim literature. Where did these stories originate, and where did they spread?

- A thousand and One Nights AKA Arabian Nights -came from places such as India, Persia, and other places in the Middle East - spread to Europe - european translators added stories

Describe the purpose of the two navigational instruments adapted and perfected by Muslims.

- compass - allows people to find direction - astrolabe - allows people to measure time based on the location of the sun

List two ways Muslims adapted and expanded bookmaking.

- crafts people produced beautiful book by taking pieces of paper and sewing them into leather bindings they improved the outside by designs in gold as well as miniature paintings - they improved the outside of the book by designs in gold as well as miniature paintings

List two accomplishments of the Muslims in navigation.

- divided the world into climate zones - extremely accurate maps

What types of designs did Muslims use in their decorative art?

- geometric -floral - used calligraphy

What technological advancements did Muslims make to take advantage of scarce water resources?

- restored old irrigation systems and designed new ones -build dams and aqueducts to provide water

What are some reasons why al-Khwarizmi's books were important to the field of mathematics?

- translation of his books helped popularize arabic numerals -this is how Muslims learned their way of writing with fractions and decimals -helped business and trade -made easier for people to do calculations and check their work

How did Muslim philosophers follow the example of Greek scholars?

-Following the example of the Greeks, Muslim philosophers used reason and logic to improve important truths

What role did Ibn Sina's book, The Canon of Medicine, play in the medieval world?

-Medical schools used these texts to tech their students, in this way, Muslims had a major impact on the education of medicine -exlored the treatment of diseases

Describe two contributions by Muslim scholars in Zoology.

-a scholar presented theories about the evolution of animals, established zoos because of it -wrote books describing the structure of animals and how to make medicines from animal parts

What factors promoted learning in the muslim lands

-acceptance of the Arabic language promoted learning and became the language of scholarship and science throughout the Islamic lands -the Muslim rulers built centers of learning

Give three important details about the city of Baghdad

-after the Muslim dynasty rose to power, a caliph moved the capital from Demascus to Baghdad - a village between Tigris and Euphrates river -at many crossroads of important trade routes connecting the empire -one of the most glorious Muslim cities, took 100,000 architects four years to build it's new capital

What was unique about the music that developed in Cordoba, Spain?

-blended elements of Arab and Native Spanish cultures

List two ways textiles were important to medieval Muslims?

-clothes showed rank and served as status symbols -serve as awnings and carpets in the royal palace which makes them valuable

Describe two contributions by Muslim scholars in Astronomy.

-navigational tools were improved to locate Makkah (allowed worshippers to pray in the right direction) -the astronomers learned about the universe and how the earth turns

Describe how mosques are designed

-the mosques have one minaret (tower) with a small balcony -muzzin chants the call to prayer -courtyard has a fountain for people to bathe -inside is a prayer room where worshippers sit on mats and carpets on the floor -the imam gives a sermon -there is a niche in the wall that directs the prayer in the direction

Why is the Indian concept of zero, which Muslims helped spread, significant?

-zero made it easier to write large numbers -allows people to distinguish between 1,2,3 and 1,230

Chess

A battle of wits where players command a small army and the goal is to check the opponents king Players enjoyed the intellectual challenge that chess presented

What accomplishments did Muslims make in medicine? (surgeons)

Muslim surgeons removed limbs, removed tumors, and cleared cataracts from the eye

What accomplishments did Muslims make in medicine? (medication)

doctors treated sickness with drugs, diet, and excersize gave patients remedies of herbs and other animals gave people anesthesia - hemlock

What accomplishments did Muslims make in medicine? (hospitals)

established the world's first hospitals - with quarantine areas

Describe three signs of medival muslim influence on thew world today

food - sugar, oranges, rice science - helped with the Scientific Revolution paper - spread Asians idea throughout the medival world

How did trade help to spread and connect ideas from different cultures?

how to make paper - came from Asia and then travelled through the empire + to Europe mathematicians spread knowledge through trade routes from places like India, China, and Greece Spread their ideas through merchants and caravans

What accomplishments did Muslims make in medicine? (disease)

realized infections were caused by bacteria

Why were the Islamic lands ideally located for cultural diffusion?

they were right in the middle of Asia, Africa, and Europe and had trade routes connecting all the different cultures