Week 2 quiz path 370
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is Group of answer choicesincreased IgM antibody titer.Bence Jones proteins in the urine.elevated blood glucose levels.decreased platelet count.
Bence Jones protein in the urine
Which clinical finding is indicative of compartment syndrome? Group of answer choicesRedness and swellingAtrophy of distal tissuesAbsent peripheral pulsesPeripheral edema
absent peripheral pulses
While in the hospital for management of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), a patient develops severe thrombocytopenia. The most appropriate action for this condition is Group of answer choicesactivity restriction.chemotherapy.anticoagulant therapy.isolation.
activity restriction
A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia is Group of answer choicespositive direct or indirect Coombs test.elevated total and indirect bilirubin.elevated MCHC and MCV.elevated total iron-binding capacity.
elevated total iron-binding capacity
The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is Group of answer choicesiron administration.vitamin B12 and folate administration.high-protein diet.erythropoietin administration.
erythropoietin administration
The prothrombin time (PT) and INR (international normalized ratio) measure the integrity of Group of answer choicesintrinsic pathway.fibrinolysis.platelet function.extrinsic pathway.
extrinsic pathway
Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of Group of answer choicesfolate.iron.erythropoietin.intrinsic factor.
intrinsic factor
Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome? Group of answer choicesAML (acute myeloid leukemia)ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia)CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)
CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)
What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia? Group of answer choicesPancytopeniaThrombocythemiaLeukocytosisNeutrophilia
Pancytopenia
Which is not a manifestation of acute arterial obstruction? Group of answer choicesPulselessnessPainPallorPurpura
Purpura
The relationship of blood flow (Q), resistance (R), and pressure (P) in a vessel can be expressed by which equation? Group of answer choicesQ = R/PQ = P/RP = Q/RR = PQ
Q=P/R
What is the effect on resistance if the radius of a vessel is halved? Group of answer choicesResistance decreases by half.Resistance increases by a factor of 16.Resistance decreases by a factor of 16.Resistance doubles.
Resistance increases by a factor of 16
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is Group of answer choicesselective IgA.Wiskott-Aldrich.Bruton agammaglobulinemia.DiGeorge.
Selective IgA
A commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of the bleeding time is Group of answer choicestobacco.caffeine.aspirin.acetaminophen.
aspirin
The Philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromosome translocation that forms a new gene called Group of answer choicesbcr-abl.p53.Rb.ARA-c.
bcr-abl
Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as Group of answer choicesbicarbonate ion.dissolved carbon dioxide.carboxyhemoglobin.carbonic acid.
bicarbonate ion
Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum Group of answer choicesmethemoglobin.bilirubin.hemoglobin.erythropoietin.
bilirubin
Velocity of blood flow is measured in Group of answer choiceskilometers per minute.millimeters per minute.yards per hour.centimeters per second.
centimeters per second
Velocity of blood flow is measured in Group of answer choicesyards per hour.centimeters per second.kilometers per minute.millimeters per minute.
centimeters per second
A cause of thrombocytopenia includes Group of answer choiceshypoxemia.chemotherapy.secondary polycythemia.reduced erythropoietin.
chemotherapy
A cause of thrombocytopenia includes Group of answer choicesreduced erythropoietin.hypoxemia.chemotherapy.secondary polycythemia.
chemotherapy
The final step in clot formation is Group of answer choicesconversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.platelet degranulation and adhesion.conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.clot retraction.
clot retraction
When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow Group of answer choicesincreases.decreases.moves to the extremities.stays the same.
decreases
Patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually first identified because they Group of answer choiceshave unusually high WBC counts.develop brain infections.run high fevers.develop recurrent infections.
develop recurrent infections
Widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called Group of answer choicesidiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura.Hageman disease.hemophilia B.disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Treatment for hemophilia A includes Group of answer choicesfactor VIII replacement.factor IX replacement.platelet transfusion.heparin administration.
factor VIII replacement
Seasonal allergic rhinitis is most involved in type II hypersensitivity reactions. Group of answer choicesFalseTrue
false
Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 1 year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse
false
The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin results in Group of answer choicesactivation of thrombin.fibrinolysis.platelet aggregation.clot retraction.
fibrinolysis
The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin results in Group of answer choicesclot retraction.fibrinolysis.activation of thrombin.platelet aggregation.
fibrinolysis
Red blood cells obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of Group of answer choicesacetyl coenzyme A.fats.glucose.proteins.
glucose
Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs most likely have Group of answer choicessickle cell anemia.thalassemia.glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.spherocytosis.
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because they Group of answer choiceshave a longer life span.contain cytoplasmic proteins.have no cytoplasmic organelles.contain glycolytic enzymes.
have no cytoplasmic organelles
Blood flow is slow through capillaries because capillaries Group of answer choiceshave the largest total cross-sectional area.are so far away from the heart.are so narrow.have no smooth muscle.
have the largest total cross-sectional area
Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count? Group of answer choicesHemolytic anemiaRenal diseaseAplastic anemiaHypertension
hemolytic anemia
A 3-year-old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, but a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with Group of answer choicesdisseminated intravascular coagulation.hemophilia.liver dysfunction.thrombocytopenia.
hemophilia
An important mediator of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is Group of answer choiceshistamine.complement.antigen-antibody immune complexes.T cells.
histamine
When a patient is struck in the eye by a baseball, the result is redness and swelling. This increase in blood flow to a localized area is called Group of answer choicesedema.hypoxia.autoregulation.hyperemia.
hyperemia
Risk factors for atherosclerosis include Group of answer choicesfemale gender.hyperlipidemia.low-fiber diet.high-protein diet.
hyperlipidemia
Myasthenia gravis is a type II hypersensitivity disorder that involves Group of answer choicessymptoms of arthritis or polyarthralgia.symptoms of glomerular disease.impaired muscle function.symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
impaired muscle function
Which condition enhances lymphatic flow? Group of answer choicesIncreased capillary oncotic pressureIncreased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressureDecreased capillary hydrostatic pressureIncreased tissue hydrostatic pressure
increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure
The effects of histamine release include Group of answer choicesbronchodilation.decreased gut permeability.vasoconstriction.increased vascular permeability.
increased vascular permeability
Venous obstruction leads to edema because it ________ pressure. Group of answer choicesincreases capillary oncoticdecreases tissueincreases capillary hydrostaticincreases arterial blood
increases capillary hydrostatic
The major cause of death from leukemic disease is Group of answer choiceshypovolemic shock.malnutrition.kidney failure.infection.
infection
The patient is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). As part of treatment, the patient must undergo several weeks of chemotherapy. The most serious complication of chemotherapy is Group of answer choicesanemia.infection.vomiting.alopecia.
infection
Disseminated intravascular coagulation may be treated with heparin therapy to Group of answer choicesenhance liver synthesis of clotting factors.inhibit clotting factor consumption.enhance fibrinolysis.activate platelets.
inhibit clotting factor consumption
Clinical manifestations of chronic arterial obstruction include Group of answer choicesedema.decreased pressure proximal to the obstruction.distal hyperemia.intermittent claudication.
intermittent claudication
What is necessary for red blood cell production? Group of answer choicesCalciumPhosphateMagnesiumIron
iron
A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia? Group of answer choicesErythropoietin deficiencyFolate deficiencyVitamin B12 deficiencyIron deficiency
iron deficiency
The cause of the most common form of anemia is Group of answer choicesiron deficiency.acute bleeding.protein malnutrition.chronic disease.
iron deficiency
Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia? Group of answer choicesIncreased heart rateJaundiceIncreased total iron-binding capacityHypovolemia
jaundice
The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the Group of answer choicesbone marrow.lung.kidney.liver.
kidney
The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the Group of answer choicesliver.bone marrow.kidney.lung.
kidney
Dysfunction of which organ would lead to clotting factor deficiency? Group of answer choicesLiverKidneySpleenPancreas
liver
Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions, because Group of answer choicestoxins released into the blood interfere with cardiac function.massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation.hypoxia resulting from bronchoconstriction impairs cardiac function.anaphylaxis results in large volume losses secondary to sweating.
massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation
The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is Group of answer choicesphlebotomy.volume expansion with saline.chemotherapy.measured to improve oxygenation.
measured to improve oxygenation
Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia, because they are both Group of answer choiceshyperchromic.microcytic.genetic.responsive to iron therapy.
microcytic
RhoGAM (an Rh antibody) would be appropriate in an Rh-_____ woman with an _____ Rh-_____ antibody titer carrying an Rh-_____ fetus. Group of answer choicesnegative; negative; positivepositive; negative; negativenegative; positive; positivenegative; negative; negative
negative;negative;positive
Which causes vasoconstriction? Group of answer choicesCalcium channel blockerα-Adrenergic antagonistAcetylcholineNorepinephrine
norepinephrine
The strength of the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is known as the Group of answer choiceshemoglobin synthesis.dissociation curve.oxygen-hemoglobin affinity.Bohr effect.
oxygen-hemoglobin affinity
Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)? Group of answer choicesPain in long bones, infection, fever, bruisingPainless enlarged cervical lymph node, fever, weight lossElevated WBC count found on routine examination, asymptomaticVertebral fracture, hypercalcemia, bone pain
pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising
A deficiency of von Willebrand factor impairs Group of answer choicesplatelet adhesion to injured tissue.platelet aggregation.platelet production.activation of the coagulation cascade.
platelet adhesion to injured tissue
The megakaryocyte is a precursor to Group of answer choicesred blood cells.platelets.white blood cells.factor IX.
platelets
The goal of long term heparin for the management of a deep vein thrombosis is to Group of answer choicesrelieve edema.dissolve the thrombus.prevent further clot formation.prevent clot dislodgement.
prevent further clot formation
A serious complication of deep vein thrombosis is Group of answer choicesextremity necrosis.pulmonary embolus.stroke.hypertensive crisis.
pulmonary embolus
Transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by Group of answer choicesdonor T cells.recipient T cells.donor antigens.recipient antibodies.
recipient antibodies
The movement of blood through the vascular system is opposed by the force of Group of answer choicesviscosity.the vessel length.resistance.the vessel radius.
resistance
An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with Group of answer choiceshyperthermia.shift to the left.elevated PCO2.shift to the right.
shift to the left
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which Group of answer choicesstem cells are transferred to the patient from an identical twin.stem cells are transferred to the patient from an HLA-matched donor.there is a high rejection rate.stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.
stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient
The hypersensitivity reaction that does not involve antibody production is type Group of answer choicesI.III.II.IV.
IV
The principle Ig mediator of type I hypersensitivity reactions is Group of answer choicesIgA.IgE.IgG.IgM.
IgE
A primary effector cell of the type I hypersensitivity response is Group of answer choicesmonocytes.neutrophils.cytotoxic cells.mast cells.
Mast cells
A 58-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for reports of severe back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis is
Myeloma
Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease?Myeloma Hodgkin disease Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL)
Myeloma
The arterial oxygen content (CaO2) for a patient with PaO2 100 mm Hg, SaO2 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dL is _____ mL oxygen/dL. Group of answer choices21.052101909.819.4
19.4
A patient presents to the physician's office with pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin. The patient is most likely between the ages of _____ years. Group of answer choices6 months and 2, 25 and 45, 15 and 18, 4 and 7
4 and 7
A 5-year-old patient's parents report loss of appetite and fatigue in their child. The parents also state that the child refuses to walk as a result of pain. The child's most likely diagnosis is Group of answer choicesALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia)CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)AML (acute myeloid leukemia)
ALL ( acute lymphoid leukemia)
In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with Group of answer choicesCLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia).AML (acute myeloid leukemia).ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia).CML (chronic myeloid leukemia).
ALL ( acute lymphoid leukemia)
Which type of leukemia primarily affects children? Group of answer choicesCLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia)CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)AML (acute myeloid leukemia)
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. This is most likely a type _____ hypersensitivity reaction. Group of answer choicesIIIIVIII
III
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome is an example of a(n) Group of answer choicesexcessive immune response.primary acquired immunodeficiency.deficient immune response.hypersensitivity reaction.
Deficient immune response
Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with Group of answer choicesimmunodeficiency syndromes.radiation exposure.history of cigarette smoking.Epstein-Barr virus.
Epstein-Barr virus
Which disorder is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease? Group of answer choicesHIV/AIDSMalnutrition immunodeficiencyCancer immunodeficiencyRadiation immunodeficiency
HIV/AIDS
Which disorder is associated with a type III hypersensitivity mechanism of injury? Group of answer choicesErythroblastosis fetalisGraves diseaseSystemic lupus erythematosusSeasonal allergic rhinitis
systemis lupus erythematosus
A patient is diagnosed with a tortuous blood vessel of the right hand that bleeds spontaneously. This patient presents with Group of answer choicestelangiectasia.thrombocytosis.purpura.petechiae.
telangiectasia
Blood flow throughout the periphery is regulated by Group of answer choicesvelocity.cardiac output.hemodynamics.the autonomic nervous system.
the autonomic nervous system
The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is a measure of the integrity of Group of answer choicesthe extrinsic pathway.plasminogen.the intrinsic pathway.factor VIII synthesis.
the intrinsic pathway
Which vessel normally demonstrates the most rapid blood flow? Group of answer choicesA venuleA capillaryThe vena cavaAn arteriole
the vena cava
Which is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation? Group of answer choicesStasis of blood flowThrombocytopeniaCirculatory shockVascular trauma
thrombocytopenia
Activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by Group of answer choicescollagen exposure.factor VII.tissue thromboplastin.platelet factors.
tissue thromboplastin
Hemophilia B is also known as Christmas disease. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse
true
The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B12 (cobalamin) or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called megaloblasts. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse
true
The liver is responsible for the synthesis of coagulation factors, with the exception of part of VIII. Group of answer choicesFalseTrue
true
The only known curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor. Group of answer choicesFalseTrue
true
Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord. Group of answer choicesTrueFalse
true
Tissues are able to autoregulate their rate of blood flow by controlling Group of answer choicesperfusion pressure.vascular resistance.venous return to the heart.arterial blood pressure.
vascular resistance
Peripheral edema is a result of Group of answer choicesarterial insufficiency.atherosclerosis.venous thrombosis.hypertension.
venous thrombosis
A normal bleeding time in association with normal platelet count, and increased prothrombin time (PT) and INR, is indicative of Group of answer choiceshemophilia B.idiopathic thrombocytopenia.hemophilia A.vitamin K deficiency.
vitamin k deficiency
A normal bleeding time in association with normal platelet count, and increased prothrombin time (PT) and INR, is indicative of Group of answer choicesvitamin K deficiency.idiopathic thrombocytopenia.hemophilia A.hemophilia B.
vitamin k deficiency
A newborn has melena, bleeding from the umbilicus, and hematuria. The newborn most likely experiencing Group of answer choicesvon Willebrand disease.disseminated intravascular coagulation.vitamin K deficiency bleeding.acquired vitamin K deficiency.
vitamin k deficiency bleeding