Week 6
A patient being treated for acute tubular necrosis (ATN) develops mild polyuria. The nurse responds to questions about why this occurring by stating
"His renal tubules are recovering, so he is making more urine, but he is not able to concentrate urine well, because he is not fully recovered."
A patient injured severely in a motor vehicle accident is hospitalized with acute kidney injury as well as multiple broken bones and lacerations. When family members ask what is meant by the term 'prerenal,' the nurse responds
"Your husband's kidney injury did not start in the kidney itself, but rather in the blood flow to the kidney."
Hypotension is both a cause of chronic kidney disease and a result of chronic kidney disease.
False
A patient with renal disease is at risk for developing uremia as the nephrons progressively deteriorate, because
GFR declines.
The major cause of glomerulonephritis is
Immune system damage to glomeruli
Treatment of a uterine prolapse may involve the insertion of a(n) ________ to hold the uterus in place.
Pessary
Which group is at the highest risk for urinary tract infection?
Sexually active women
Infection can lead to bladder stone formation.
True
The best intervention for acute kidney injury (AKI) is prevention.
True
The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves.
True
The prognosis of penile carcinoma depends upon the stage of the disease.
True
What problem is a patient likely to experience in end-stage renal disease?
Uremia
The risk for contrast media-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is highest in
a 70-year-old patient with heart failure.
The pathophysiologic basis of acute glomerulonephritis is
an immune complex reaction.
A major modifiable risk factor for nephrolithiasis is
dehydration.
The patient most at risk for postrenal acute kidney injury is a(n)
elderly patient with hypertrophy of the prostate.
The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by
fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance.
Nephrotic syndrome does not usually cause
hematuria
The most frequent initial symptom of bladder cancer is
hematuria.
Excessive vomiting in pregnant women is known as
hyperemesis gravidarum.
Phimosis is a disorder of the penis characterized by
inability to retract the foreskin.
A change occurring in a pregnant woman that is indicative of a potential disorder is
increased urinary protein.
The most common types of uterine tumors are known as
leiomyomas.
A person is unaware that his bladder is full of urine, but complains that he is leaking urine almost constantly. The most accurate term for this type of incontinence is
overflow.
The most common sign/symptom of renal calculi is
pain
One cause of an extrinsic renal system obstruction is
pelvic tumor.
Sexual impotence is rarely because of
primary causes.
Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include
proteinuria.
A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The procedure performed was a
radical mastectomy.
Vesicoureteral reflux is associated with
recurrent cystitis.
The most common cause of ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the United States is
sepsis.
When a patient experiencing nephrotic syndrome asks, "What causes my urine to be so full of protein," the nurse's response is based on the knowledge that
the glomerular membrane has increased permeability.
The infection frequently associated with development of postinfectious acute glomerulonephritis is
throat infection.
The most common cause of intrinsic kidney injury is _____ injury.
tubular
A patient who reported a very painful sore throat 3 weeks ago is now diagnosed with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. When asked, "Why is my urine the color of coffee?", the nurse responds
"Your immune system was activated by your sore throat and has caused some damage in your kidneys that allows red blood cells to leak into the fluid that becomes urine and make it coffee-colored."
The HPV vaccine is recommended for 11- to 12-year-old girls, but can be administered to girls as young as _____ years of age.
9
Which intervention has been found to retard the advancement of chronic kidney disease?
ACE inhibitors
The organism most commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis is
Escherichia coli.
Activation of parasympathetic nerves to the bladder will cause
bladder contraction.
The most common type of renal stone is
calcium.
