week 6 home work bio 253
How is the brain able to interpret whether an incoming sensation is a touch vs. sound vs. vision?
Based on the region of the brain that receives the impulses.
What type of receptor responds to changes in the concentration of substances in the fluid around them? Multiple choice question.
Chemoreceptor
What are otoliths?
Grains (crystals) of calcium carbonate.
Where is the conjunctiva found?
It lines eyelids and covers the anterior eyeball (except the cornea).
the-----protects the body because they are stimulated when there is tissue damage, thereby promoting a response that may prevent further damage.
Pain receptors
The classification of sensory receptors as photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, etc., is based on what characteristic of the receptors? Multiple choice question.
Stimulus type that causes a response
What is sensory adaptation? Multiple choice question.
The ability of the brain to become less responsive to some stimuli.
The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are found in the ______ of the semicircular canals. Multiple choice question.
The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are found in the ______ of the semicircular canals. Multiple choice question.
What is the cornea?
The transparent part of the outer (fibrous) layer of the eye.
Which three of the following are classified as accessory organs of the eye?
acrimal apparatus eyelids extrinsic muscles
What is the term for the ability of the brain to prioritize the sensory input it receives and to ignore unimportant stimuli?
adaptation
The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are found in the ______ of the semicircular canals.
ampullae
What structure connects the middle ear cavity to the throat (nasopharynx)?
auditory tube
What structure connects the middle ear cavity to the throat (nasopharynx)? Multiple choice question.
auditory tube
The refraction of light is the ______ of light rays as they pass from one medium to another. Multiple choice question.
bending
What type of stimulus does a chemoreceptor respond to?
changes in the concentrations of specific molecules
Receptors associated with the senses of smell and taste are classified as mixed nerves
chemoreceptors
Receptors are classified based on their sensitivity to different types of stimuli. The five main types of receptors are thermoreceptors,---- thermoreceptors, , Incorrect Unavailable, pain receptors, proprioceptors-----proprioceptors , Incorrect Unavailable, mechanoreceptors, and photoreceptors.
chemoreceptors thermoreceptors
The vascular tunic of the eye includes the---coat, the----body, and the iris.
choroid ciliary
The mucous membrane found lining the eyelids and covering the anterior surface of the eyeball (except the cornea) is called the
conjunctiva
What are the sensory organs for the sense of dynamic equilibrium?
cristae ampullaris
The hair cells of the crista ampullaris have hairs that extend into what structure?
cupula
The hair cells of the crista ampullaris have hairs that extend into what structure? Multiple choice question.
cupula
The optic nerve, as well as the central artery and vein that supply the eye with blood, exit the eye through the optic
disc
In order to be detected by olfactory receptors, odorant molecules must be ______. Multiple choice question.
dissolved in watery fluid
The tympanic membrane is also called the----a non-anatomical term).
eardrum or ear drum
In addition to connective tissue and smooth muscle, the iris contains specialized contractile----cells
epithelial
the-----ear includes the auricle and the tympanic membrane.
external or outer
The outer, or most superficial, layer of the wall of the eye is also called the ---- , -----tunic. The middle layer is also called the ---- , --------tunic
fibrous vascular
the------senses rely on receptors distributed throughout the body (for example in skin and muscles), while the -----nerve , senses rely on specialized receptors found in structures in the head.
general special
Where are the olfactory organs located? Multiple choice question.
in the superior nasal cavity
the three components of the middle layer (tunic) of the eye. are
iris choroid coat ciliary body
The vitreous body is a jelly-like substance located between what two structures of the eye?
lens and retina
Sensory impulses arriving at the visual cortex will always be perceived by the brain as ______ while impulses arriving at the auditory cortex will always be perceived as ______. Multiple choice question.
light; sound
Some sensory receptors respond to forces that deform them. Such receptors are called
mechanoreceptors
What is the function of the orbicularis oculi and levator palpebrae superioris muscles?
move eyelid
Name the two cell types in neural tissue
neurons and neuroglia
Receptors for pain are also called
nociceptors
what are the two muscles that move the eyelid
orbicularis oculi levator palpebrae superioris
The middle ear houses the three auditory----which include the malleus, incus, and stapes.
ossicles
The malleus, incus, and stapes are the three small bones known as the auditory
ossicles or ossicle
The gelatinous material of the maculae is weighted by the presence of ______ within the gel.
otoliths
Which type of receptor adapts very little, if at all? Multiple choice question.
pain receptors
What type of sensory receptors are abundant in the cornea?
pain receptors cold receptors
Light energy is detected by specialized receptors called mechanoreceptors
photoreceptors
Describe the location of the photoreceptors within the retina.
photoreceptors are up against the retinal pigment epithelium
The two structures that make up the ciliary body are the ciliary-----nd the ciliary
processes or process muscle or muscles
The mechanoreceptors that sense changes in the tension of muscles and tendons are called
proprioceptors
The bending of light rays as they pass through objects of different densities is called
refraction
The visual receptor cells are located in the ______.
retina
What type of photoreceptor provides black/white/gray vision?
rods
Which type of photoreceptor is more abundant in the retina?
rods
Which structure contains the hearing receptor cells and converts mechanical sound waves to electrical signals?
spiral organ
A phenomenon called ----vision provides the simultaneous perception of distance, depth, height, and width of objects. It occurs because of two slightly different retinal images that the brain interprets as one image in three dimensions.
stereoscopic
The specialized organs responsible for gustation are called
taste buds or bud
A thermoreceptor senses changes in
temperature
What area of the retina is lacking photoreceptors and is referred to as the blind spot?
the optic disc
Receptors that are sensitive to temperature changes are called
thermoreceptors
Where are sensory receptors for the general senses found?
throughout the body
The membranous labyrinth within the vestibule contains two expanded chambers that function in static equilibrium: the ==== , ----- and the -----, -----
utricle saccule
The saccule and utricle are the two chambers within the (membranous labyrinth===== ------- of the inner ear.
vestibule
three structures of the eye that refract light rays. Multiple select question.
vitreous humor cornea lens
The thermoreceptors in the skin are classified as----receptors and----receptors.
warm cold
Name the two types of thermoreceptors.
warm, cold