week 6 home work bio 253

How is the brain able to interpret whether an incoming sensation is a touch vs. sound vs. vision?

Based on the region of the brain that receives the impulses.

What type of receptor responds to changes in the concentration of substances in the fluid around them? Multiple choice question.

Chemoreceptor

What are otoliths?

Grains (crystals) of calcium carbonate.

Where is the conjunctiva found?

It lines eyelids and covers the anterior eyeball (except the cornea).

the-----protects the body because they are stimulated when there is tissue damage, thereby promoting a response that may prevent further damage.

Pain receptors

The classification of sensory receptors as photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, etc., is based on what characteristic of the receptors? Multiple choice question.

Stimulus type that causes a response

What is sensory adaptation? Multiple choice question.

The ability of the brain to become less responsive to some stimuli.

The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are found in the ______ of the semicircular canals. Multiple choice question.

The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are found in the ______ of the semicircular canals. Multiple choice question.

What is the cornea?

The transparent part of the outer (fibrous) layer of the eye.

Which three of the following are classified as accessory organs of the eye?

acrimal apparatus eyelids extrinsic muscles

What is the term for the ability of the brain to prioritize the sensory input it receives and to ignore unimportant stimuli?

adaptation

The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are found in the ______ of the semicircular canals.

ampullae

What structure connects the middle ear cavity to the throat (nasopharynx)?

auditory tube

What structure connects the middle ear cavity to the throat (nasopharynx)? Multiple choice question.

auditory tube

The refraction of light is the ______ of light rays as they pass from one medium to another. Multiple choice question.

bending

What type of stimulus does a chemoreceptor respond to?

changes in the concentrations of specific molecules

Receptors associated with the senses of smell and taste are classified as mixed nerves

chemoreceptors

Receptors are classified based on their sensitivity to different types of stimuli. The five main types of receptors are thermoreceptors,---- thermoreceptors, , Incorrect Unavailable, pain receptors, proprioceptors-----proprioceptors , Incorrect Unavailable, mechanoreceptors, and photoreceptors.

chemoreceptors thermoreceptors

The vascular tunic of the eye includes the---coat, the----body, and the iris.

choroid ciliary

The mucous membrane found lining the eyelids and covering the anterior surface of the eyeball (except the cornea) is called the

conjunctiva

What are the sensory organs for the sense of dynamic equilibrium?

cristae ampullaris

The hair cells of the crista ampullaris have hairs that extend into what structure?

cupula

The hair cells of the crista ampullaris have hairs that extend into what structure? Multiple choice question.

cupula

The optic nerve, as well as the central artery and vein that supply the eye with blood, exit the eye through the optic

disc

In order to be detected by olfactory receptors, odorant molecules must be ______. Multiple choice question.

dissolved in watery fluid

The tympanic membrane is also called the----a non-anatomical term).

eardrum or ear drum

In addition to connective tissue and smooth muscle, the iris contains specialized contractile----cells

epithelial

the-----ear includes the auricle and the tympanic membrane.

external or outer

The outer, or most superficial, layer of the wall of the eye is also called the ---- , -----tunic. The middle layer is also called the ---- , --------tunic

fibrous vascular

the------senses rely on receptors distributed throughout the body (for example in skin and muscles), while the -----nerve , senses rely on specialized receptors found in structures in the head.

general special

Where are the olfactory organs located? Multiple choice question.

in the superior nasal cavity

the three components of the middle layer (tunic) of the eye. are

iris choroid coat ciliary body

The vitreous body is a jelly-like substance located between what two structures of the eye?

lens and retina

Sensory impulses arriving at the visual cortex will always be perceived by the brain as ______ while impulses arriving at the auditory cortex will always be perceived as ______. Multiple choice question.

light; sound

Some sensory receptors respond to forces that deform them. Such receptors are called

mechanoreceptors

What is the function of the orbicularis oculi and levator palpebrae superioris muscles?

move eyelid

Name the two cell types in neural tissue

neurons and neuroglia

Receptors for pain are also called

nociceptors

what are the two muscles that move the eyelid

orbicularis oculi levator palpebrae superioris

The middle ear houses the three auditory----which include the malleus, incus, and stapes.

ossicles

The malleus, incus, and stapes are the three small bones known as the auditory

ossicles or ossicle

The gelatinous material of the maculae is weighted by the presence of ______ within the gel.

otoliths

Which type of receptor adapts very little, if at all? Multiple choice question.

pain receptors

What type of sensory receptors are abundant in the cornea?

pain receptors cold receptors

Light energy is detected by specialized receptors called mechanoreceptors

photoreceptors

Describe the location of the photoreceptors within the retina.

photoreceptors are up against the retinal pigment epithelium

The two structures that make up the ciliary body are the ciliary-----nd the ciliary

processes or process muscle or muscles

The mechanoreceptors that sense changes in the tension of muscles and tendons are called

proprioceptors

The bending of light rays as they pass through objects of different densities is called

refraction

The visual receptor cells are located in the ______.

retina

What type of photoreceptor provides black/white/gray vision?

rods

Which type of photoreceptor is more abundant in the retina?

rods

Which structure contains the hearing receptor cells and converts mechanical sound waves to electrical signals?

spiral organ

A phenomenon called ----vision provides the simultaneous perception of distance, depth, height, and width of objects. It occurs because of two slightly different retinal images that the brain interprets as one image in three dimensions.

stereoscopic

The specialized organs responsible for gustation are called

taste buds or bud

A thermoreceptor senses changes in

temperature

What area of the retina is lacking photoreceptors and is referred to as the blind spot?

the optic disc

Receptors that are sensitive to temperature changes are called

thermoreceptors

Where are sensory receptors for the general senses found?

throughout the body

The membranous labyrinth within the vestibule contains two expanded chambers that function in static equilibrium: the ==== , ----- and the -----, -----

utricle saccule

The saccule and utricle are the two chambers within the (membranous labyrinth===== ------- of the inner ear.

vestibule

three structures of the eye that refract light rays. Multiple select question.

vitreous humor cornea lens

The thermoreceptors in the skin are classified as----receptors and----receptors.

warm cold

Name the two types of thermoreceptors.

warm, cold