WHAP Chapter 13 and 14

Which of the following status symbols depicted in the visual sources was associated with the destruction of the culture of its origin?

Chocolate

Which of the following was a result of the Ottoman Empire's policy toward the Christian population in southeastern Europe?

Christian communities enjoyed considerable autonomy over their own affairs

A historian researching the effects of epidemic disease on the population levels of seventeenth-century colonial Peru would probably find which of the following sources most useful?

Church records of baptism and funerals

Which of the following was a feature unique to the North American fur trade in the early modern period?

Competition between European traders meant that furs were obtained largely through commercial negotiations with the local population

Which of the following offered Christian men a means of upward mobility within the Ottoman Empire?

Devshirme

Which of the following consequences of the Columbian Exchange most affected Amerindians in the sixteenth century?

Diseases caused pandemics

Which of the following was a major similarity among European colonial empires in the Americas in the period 1450-1750?

Enslavement of African peoples and subjugation of Amerindians

Which of the following statements is true of the West African slave trade?

European merchants waited on board their ships of in fortified port cities to purchase slaves from African merchants and elites

Which of the following would be the most useful source of evidence about the profits of Portuguese and British slave traders in the period 1600-1800?

European slave traders' account books

Which of the following describes an effect of the European presence in the Indian Ocean on existing Asian commercial networks?

Europeans created a network that became just one among a number of thriving Asian commercial networks

What commodity was considered "soft gold" in early modern commerce?

Furs

Which of the following contributed to the Chinese government's decision to stop voyages of exploration in the Indian Ocean in the early fifteenth century?

Government concern with domestic problems and frontier security

A historian examining Mesoamerica in the sixteenth century would best utilize the sources above to analyze which of the following topics?

How Christian ideas were communicated to an understood by Amerindians

How did silver from the mines of Mexico and Peru affect international commerce?

It enabled Europeans to buy Chinese tea, silk, and porcelain

Which of the following describes an effect of the silver trade on Spain?

It enabled Spanish rulers to pursue military and political ambitions in Europe and the Americas

Which of the following describes how the fur trade affected indigenous peoples in North America?

It generated warfare among different groups of Native Americans

Which of the following was a major long-term effect of Vasco da Gama's voyage to India in the late 1490s?

It led to the integration of European merchants into the Indian Ocean economy

Which of the following contributed most to the emergence of Russia as an expanding Eurasian power in the period between 1450 and 1750?

Its absorption of traditions and technology from the Byzantine Empire and western Europe

Which of the following examples of the effect of the Atlantic slave trade on African societies?

Judicial proceedings were manipulated to generate victims for the slave trade

Which of the following describes slavery in Latin America?

Large-scale importation of new slaves continued into the nineteenth century

Which of the following contributed to the great dying in the Americas?

Native Americas' lack of immunity to European and African diseases

Which of the following regions was LEAST affected by the expansion of European trade networks in the period 1450 C.E. to 1750 C.E.?

Oceania

What contributed to higher literacy rates in the British colonies in North America than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America?

Protestantism, which was practiced by most British colonists, encouraged reading the Bible for oneself

What did the introduction of domesticated animals into the Americas make possible?

Ranching economies

Which of the following policies contributed to the growth of Hindu opposition to Mughal rule by the late seventeenth century?

Reinstatement of the jizya

Which of the following describes a feature of Qing China's policy toward its possessions in central Asia?

Respect for the different cultures of the region

Which of the following motivated Europeans to venture across the Atlantic Ocean?

Rivalries between competing European states

Which of the following distinguished the Atlantic slave trade in the Americas from past instances of slavery in world history?

Slave status was associated with race

Which of the following dominated the agricultural economy in British North America?

Small-scale independent farmers working their own land

Which of the following was a feature of commerce in the Indian Ocean basin when Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498?

Small-scale merchants traded openly

How did the slave trade affect African states?

Some African states depended on revenues from the slave trade

Which of the following is true of slavery in the pre-modern Islamic world?

Some slaves acquired prominent military or political status

Which of the following was a consequence of the Atlantic slave trade?

The African diaspora

What was one main difference between how the British East Indian Company operated in Mughal India and how the Dutch East India Company operated in what is now Indonesia?

The British negotiated treaties with local Indian rulers while the Dutch established control through conquest and colonization

Which of the following developments in the early modern period provided incentives for Europeans to go into the fur trade?

The Little Ice Age

In the conflict between the Islamic and Christian worlds, which event in the fifteenth century signaled that the Islamic world held the upper hand?

The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople

Which of the following contributed the most to the Ottoman Empire's successful expansion in Europe and the Middle East in the period from 1450 to 1600?

The Ottomans' adoption of the latest gunpowder and artillery technology

Which of the following was established as a Spanish colony in the sixteenth century?

The Philippine Islands

In which of the following empires did the process of expansion occur at the same time that a distinctive state was taking shape?

The Russian Empire

What was one main difference between the Spanish colonization of the Philippines and the Portuguese strongholds in the Indian Ocean basin?

The Spanish converted Filipinos to Christianity while the Portuguese often blended into the local populations

Some world historians have argued that the growth of European influence in the period 1450-1750 was due in large part to non-European inventions. The history of which of the following technological developments best supports this contention?

The compass

Which of the following was a result of the fur trade in North America in the early modern period?

The dependence of Native Americans to support the fur trade

Which of the following was an outcome of the establishment of European empires in the Americas?

The emergence of an Atlantic world connecting four continents

Which of the following resulted from the arrival of western Europeans in India and China during the time period 1450 to 1750?

The establishment of small European enclaves in India and China

Which of the following changes best justifies the claim that the late 1400s mark the beginning of a new period in world history?

The incorporation of the Americas into a broder global network of exchange

In the period 1500 to 1750, the population of the Portuguese colony of Brazil grew rapidly and became predominantly African. Which of the following best explains these demographic changes?

The increase in global demand for cash crops such as sugar

Navarro's economic observations expressed in the passage above are best understood in the context of which of the following?

The influx of silver from the Americas into the Spanish economy

Which of the following is an example of the Columbian exchange?

The introduction of corn and potatoes into the Afro-Eurasian diet

The illustration above shows which of the following about the fifteenth century?

The relative size of the European caravel and the Ming treasure ship

This photograph of the Suleymaniye mosque in Istanbul exemplifies which of the following historical processes?

The synthesis of the established cultural traditions and new traditions

What European innovation in the preparation or consumption of chocolate is depicted in the image of a chocolate party in Spain?

The use of a saucer to catch spills

How did the decision by the Chinese state to require payment of taxes in silver in the 1570s affect the global economy?

The value of silver around the world skyrocketed

Which of the following was a reason that Portugal, Spain, France, and Britain were the first to expand into the New World?

These lands were on the Atlantic coast and were closer to the Americas

How did many Native Americans in Mesoamerica and Peru respond to Spanish missionaries' efforts to convert them to Catholicism?

They blended their old customs into Catholic practices

What did the Portuguese do after the established sea routes to the Indian Ocean?

They conquered several strategic port cities

How did the Tokugawa "shoguns" treat Europeans in Japan in the early seventeenth century?

They expelled all Europeans except the Dutch

How did Chinese and Russian expansion into Central Asia affect the nomadic peoples inhabiting the steppe lands?

They no longer enjoyed political independence and economic prosperity

Which describes the role Europeans played in the economy of the early modern era?

They were essentially middlemen funneling American silver to Asia

Which of the following distinguished the empires of Western Europe from other empires?

They were initiated by maritime expansion

Which of the following was an incentive for the Portuguese to find a direct sea route to Asia?

To circumvent the Muslim and Venetian monopolies on Indian Ocean trade

Why did some Native Americans aid the Spanish in their initial invasion of the New World?

To gain an advantage against their own enemies

Which of the following was a reason Russia expanded beginning in the sixteenth century?

To secure its borders from attack

Which of the following was a major environmental effect of the European establishment of plantation agriculture in the Americas during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Widespread deforestation and depletion of soil nutrients

The Mughal ruler Akbar favored policies that promoted...

a cosmopolitan and hybrid Indian-Persian-Turkic culture

The colonial economy of the Spanish Empire in former Aztec and the Inca lands was...

based on commercial agriculture and mining

In Visual Source 14.4, the portrayal of the man in European clothing was intended to...

enhance his social status

The number of slaves shipped from Africa to the Americas peaked...

in the 1700s

Between 1500 and 1800, Europeans were primarily interested in tropical colonies in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and in the Caribbean because...

large profits could be made from products like sugar, coffee, and pepper

The quotation above comes from a 1526 letter to a European monarch from a king located...

on the western coast of Africa

The success of European powers in penetrating the Asian trading system by 1600 can best be explained by the...

opening of rich silver mines in Peru and Mexico

What does the painting of a Turkish coffeehouse in the Ottoman Empire show the men doing besides drinking coffee?

playing board games

The origins of the Atlantic slave trade were associated with the...

production of sugar

The first direct and sustained link between the Americans and Asia was the trade in...

silver

In contrast to the Portuguese and Spanish colonists in Latin America, British colonists in North America...

sought to escape rather than re-create European traditions in the Americas

The trend shown on the graph above is best explained by the expansion in the production of...

sugar

Map 14.4 in the textbook shows that the most common destinations in the Americas for West African slaves was...

the Caribbean and Brazil

The economies of the southern colonies of colonial British America developed most like colonial economies in...

the Caribbean and Brazil

Refer to Map 13.3 in the textbook. The addition of Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Tibet to the Chinese empire during the Qing dynasty led to...

the creation of the Court of Colonial Affairs

The emergence of Japan as a major source of silver production in the sixteenth century contributed to...

the end of civil war and the unification of Japan

An important reason for China's rapid population increase in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was...

the introduction of new crops from the Americas

Map 14.1 in the textbook suggest that the European presence in Asia was connected to...

trade

The development of Indian Ocean trade routes in the period 600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. and the development of transatlantic trade routes in the period 1450 C.E. to 1600 C.E. were similar in that both depended on...

understanding of currents and wind patterns

In Visual Source 14.1, what does the image of a European-style house on the bottom left indicate?

Chinese artisans produced teacups specifically for the European market

Which of the following describes the experiences of some women in Africa in the early modern era?

A few women had access to political power

Which of the following resulted from Russia's westward expansion in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

A program of westernization in Russia

Which of the following policies reflects mercantilist thinking?

Accumulating precious metals

Which of the following accurately describes the effect of the spread of Christianity among most Amerindian societies after 1500 C.E.?

Amerindians maintained local customs by combining indigenous beliefs with elements of Christianity

Which of the following is a similarity between the Ottoman and Chinese governments during the period 1450-1750?

An extensive governmental bureaucracy

Which of the following describes what happened to the native populations of the steppes and Siberia as a consequence of Russian imperial expansion?

Assimilation

The Mughal Empire and the Ottoman Empire before 1700 C.E. shared which of the following characteristics?

Both empires were religiously and culturally diverse

Which of the following regions experienced the least racial mixing and was the least willing to recognize the offspring of interracial unions?

British North America

Which of the following characterizes how European countries sought to control trade in Asia from 1450 to 1750?

By force of arms

In the period 1450-1750, which of the following, produced on large plantations by slave labor, were significant commodities in the growing world market?

Cash crops such as sugar and tobacco