WHAP Unit 5

In the past, at the end of the Han, Tang, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, bands of rebels were innumerable, all because of foolish rulers and misgovernment, so that none of these rebellions could be stamped out. But today [the emperor] is deeply concerned and examines his character in order to reform himself, worships Heaven, and is sympathetic to the people. He has not increased the land tax, nor has he conscripted soldiers from households. . . . It does not require any great wisdom to see that sooner or later the [Taiping] bandits will all be destroyed." Zeng Guofan, Qing dynasty Chinese official, proclamation against the Taiping rebels, 1854 Zeng Guofan's analysis of the situation in China in 1854 was likely influenced by which of the following? (A) The Daoist notion of being in harmony with nature (B) The absolutist notion of the divine right of kings (C) The Buddhist notion of avoiding violence against any living thing (D) The Confucian notion of the dynastic cycle

(D) The Confucian notion of the dynastic cycle

A historian researching the effects of Christian missionaries' activities on local social structures in late-nineteenth-century Africa would probably find which of the following sources most useful? A) African accounts of converting to Christianity B) Fundraising speeches given in Europe by supporters of missionary efforts C) Data on the number of missionaries going to Africa D) Recruitment advertisements for missionaries in church newsletters in Europe

A) African accounts of converting to Christianity

Many forced and free migrants practiced the religious beliefs of their homelands as a way of adapting to unfamiliar experiences and environments in their destination societies. Which of the following processes best supports the historical argument above? A) African slaves in the Americas integrating African beliefs into their practice of Christianity B) Japanese elites of the Tokugawa period encouraging the spread of Buddhism to promote cultural cohesion C) Chinese migrant laborers in the United States converting to Christianity in order to better fit into the dominant culture D) The indigenous rulers of Islamic states in Southeast Asia adapting aspects of Islam to local cultural and religious traditions

A) African slaves in the Americas integrating African beliefs into their practice of Christianity

The Opium Wars of the nineteenth century were brought about principally by A) British demands for the unrestricted import of opium into Chinese markets B) a mutiny by Indian laborers in the British-controlled province of Bengal C) the refusal of the Chinese government to suppress opium production in Taiwan D) spontaneous attacks on foreign embassies by gangs of Chinese nationalists

A) British demands for the unrestricted import of opium into Chinese markets

The trade patterns shown on the map above depict A) British imports of raw materials and exports of finished goods during the nineteenth century B) Major slave trading routes in the nineteenth century C) British trade routes that developed as a result of the disruption caused by the First World War D) Illicit drug routes that developed in the second half of the twentieth century

A) British imports of raw materials and exports of finished goods during the nineteenth century

One important similarity between the American Revolution and the French Revolution is that they both A) Challenged monarchial governments B) Resulted in the abolition of slavery C) Resulted in the abolition of class divisions in society D) Enabled women to achieve political equality with men

A) Challenged monarchial governments

The first successful revolution in the Caribbean and South America was launched in: A) Haiti B) Argentina C) Cuba D) Columbia

A) Haiti

Which of the following statements about Haiti is most accurate? A) It was the first Caribbean nation to gain its independence B) It was originally a Portuguese colony C) It retained much of its wealth decades after gaining independence D) It was granted independence peacefully

A) It was the first Caribbean nation to gain its independence

Which of the following was true of Japan during the Meiji Period? A) Japan embraced Western practices B) Japan was colonized by foreign powers C) Japan followed an isolationist foreign policy D) Japan physically resisted foreign interference

A) Japan embraced Western practices

Along with Simon Bolivar, which of the following people was instrumental in the liberation of numerous Latin American nations from Spanish colonial rule? A) Jose de San Martin B) Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna C) Bernardo O'Higgins D) Jose Zavala

A) Jose de San Martin

In the period from 1750 to 1850, which of the following political ideologies in Western Europe and parts of the Atlantic world? A) Liberalism B) Absolutism C) Fascism D) Communism

A) Liberalism

In the nineteenth century, Latin American urban dwellers were most similar to Western European urban dwellers in which of the following areas? A) Literacy and cultural tastes B) Ethnic and racial composition C) Export and import patterns D) Standards of living

A) Literacy and cultural tastes

Extraterritoriality for foreign citizens and the free travel of missionaries within a certain country were two of the results of the A) Opium Wars B) First Sino-Japanese War C) Russo-Japanese War D) Franco-Pussian War

A) Opium Wars

_______ Impact of Enlightenment ideas Increasing discontent among people born in the colonies Weakening of Spain's power Emergence of strong leaders Which title best completes this graphic organizer? A) Reasons for Latin American Independence Movements B) Impact of the Scientific Revolution C) Causes of the Industrial Revolution D) Results of Nationalism in Europe

A) Reasons for Latin American Independence Movements

The North and South American independence movements of the late 18th and early 19th centuries shared which of the following? A) Revolutionary demands based on Enlightenment political ideas B) Reliance on Christian teaching to define revolutionary demands C) Industrial economies that permitted both areas to break free of European control D) Political instability caused by constant warfare among the new states

A) Revolutionary demands based on Enlightenment political ideas

The North and South American independence movements of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries shared which of the following? A) Revolutionary demands based on Enlightenment political ideas B) Reliance on Christian teachings to define revolutionary demands C) Industrial economies that permitted both areas to break free of European control D) Political instability caused by constant warfare among the new states

A) Revolutionary demands based on Enlightenment political ideas

The abolition of serfdom in 1861 was a necessary step towards industrialization in A) Russia B) France C) Japan D) The Ottoman Empire

A) Russia

Which of the following were all rebellions against the influence of Europeans in a non-Western nation? A) The Boxer Rebellion, the Sepoy Mutiny, and the Mahdi Rebellion B) The Zulu War, the Sepoy Mutiny, and the Taiping Rebellion C) The Taiping Rebellion, the Mahdi Rebellion, and the Velvet Revolution D) The Velvet Revolution, the Zulu War, and the Boxer Rebellion

A) The Boxer Rebellion, the Sepoy Mutiny, and the Mahdi Rebellion

Which of the following best describes the role of the Roman Catholic Church in the countries of South America after they achieved independence from Spain? A) The Catholic Church was a large landowner in South America and supported the status quo B) The majority of the Catholic Church bishops supported radical economic and political reform C) The Catholic Church refused to become involved in the domestic politics of South America D) The Catholic Church was often at the center of scandals involving the illegal trade of slaves

A) The Catholic Church was a large landowner in South America and supported the status quo

Most world historians would agree that the key to European predominance in the world economy during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was A) The Industrial Revolution B) European medical technology C) Spanish control of New World silver D) The Enlightenment

A) The Industrial Revolution

Which of the following was democratizing reform of the French Revolution that was later overturned by Napoleon? A) The abolition of slavery in the West Indies B) The end of the Bourbon Dynasty C) The promulgation of a universal law code D) The end of the national military draft

A) The abolition of slavery in the West Indies

Which of the following was an indirect result of Commodore Matthew Perry's visit to Tokyo Harbor in 1853? A) The collapse of the Tokugawa shogunate and the beginning of the Meiji Restoration B) The opening of Japan to Western trade after hundreds of years of isolation C) The entrance of Japan into an alliance with Germany and Italy known as the Axis D) The Port Arthur incident and the following Russo-Japanese War

A) The collapse of the Tokugawa shogunate and the beginning of the Meiji Restoration

What was a major reason for the numerous opposition groups that formed against the Russian monarchy at the end of the nineteenth century? A) The failure of the Russian monarchy to enact democratizing reforms B) The Russian monarchy's banning of the works of Karl Marx C) The lack of job opportunities for recently freed serfs D) The lack of an effective national educational system

A) The failure of the Russian monarchy to enact democratizing reforms

Which of the following was not a cause of the French Revolution? A) The outbreak of a slave rebellion in Haiti B) Imbalances in the French tax system C) The influence of the Enlightenment D) France's support of the American Revolution

A) The outbreak of a slave rebellion in Haiti

All of the following are effects of the Haitian Revolution EXCEPT A) The plantation economy continued to flourish B) Slaves were freed C) The United States refused to recognize Haiti's independence D) Other independence movements followed

A) The plantation economy continued to flourish

"Give Venezuela such an executive power in the person of a president chosen by the people or their representatives, and you will have taken a great step toward national happiness. No matter what citizen occupies this office, he will be aided by the Constitution, and therein being authorized to do good, he can do no harm because his ministers will cooperate with him insofar as he abides by the law. If he attempts to infringe upon the law, his own ministers will desert him, thereby isolating him from the Republic, and they will bring charges against him in the Senate. This ministers being responsible for any transgressions committed will actually govern, since they must account for their actions . . ." A) They aimed to overthrow the corrupt aristocracy B) They sought to establish governments like the one used in the United States C) They were successful without resorting to violence D) They received military assistance from many European rebels

A) They aimed to overthrow the corrupt aristocracy

Which of the following is most typical of a caudillo? A) They controlled significant amounts of land in South America B) They were former Spanish viceroys who defected to the independence movement C) They were Catholic priests who agitated for South American independence D) They were of mixed Creole and Peninsular heritage

A) They controlled significant amounts of land in South America

"I will never allow my hands to be idle nor my soul to rest until I have broken the chains laid upon us by Spain." This statement was most likely made by A) a Latin American nationalist B) a Portuguese explorer C) a Roman Catholic bishop D) a Spanish conquistador

A) a Latin American nationalist

The economies of most Latin American countries are characterized by A) dependence on exporting raw materials B) establishment of successful land redistribution programs C) production of heavy industrial machinery D) development of trade surpluses

A) dependence on exporting raw materials

African, Asian, and Latin American nations developed monocultures based on cash crops as a result of A) exploitative arrangements with mostly Western businessmen B) the abolition of slavery in the non-Western world C) their need to produce crops for a subsistence economy D) their lack of new technology to farm the land

A) exploitative arrangements with mostly Western businessmen

The trading policy of "Most-Favored Nation" is similar to A) mercantilism B) the Enclosure Acts C) the Open Door Policy D) utopian socialism

A) mercantilism

The main purpose of the Congress of Vienna (1815) was to A) return Europe to the conditions that existed before the French Revolution B) establish strategies needed to rebuild Turkey's economy C) create a European Court of Justice D) promote the ideas of the French Revolution

A) return Europe to the conditions that existed before the French Revolution

Although Mexicans of all classes supported independence from Span, Miguel Hidalgo and Jose Maria Morelos' movement to rebel against Spain failed because A) upper-class Mexicans didn't like the social-justice and constitutional equality platform of Hidalgo and Morelos' movement B) lower-class Mexicans were unwilling to support the rebellion out of fear the Spanish would enslave them C) upper-class Mexicans refused to invest their own money in the rebellion preventing it from being adequately funded D) lower-class Mexicans were urged by Simon Bolivar not to rebel because he was a personal enemy of Hidalgo and Morelos

A) upper-class Mexicans didn't like the social-justice and constitutional equality platform of Hidalgo and Morelos' movement

Which of the following people living in India in 1885 would most likely be a member of the India National Congress? A) An uneducated member of the pariah caste B) An English-speaking member of the Brahmin caste C) A former official of the British East India Company of English descent D) A farmer who's land had been seized for failure to pay taxes

B) An English-speaking member of the Brahmin caste

"Americans today... who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society no better than that of serfs destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded with galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products which are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of a type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this ass the exclusive trading privileges, even in article of prime necessity, and the barriers between American provinces, designed to prevent all exchange of trade, traffic, and understanding." Simon Bolivar, Jamaica Letter, 1815 The quotation above best supports which of the following conclusions about the author's motives for resistance to Spanish colonial rule in Latin America? A) Bolivar opposed the use of Native Americans and Africans as forced laborers in Latin America B) Bolivar rejected Spanish mercantilist policies that restricted free trade in Latin America C) Bolivar was alarmed by the excessive consumerism in the Spanish empire D) Bolivar hoped to undo the effects of the Columbian exchange

B) Bolivar rejected Spanish mercantilist policies that restricted free trade in Latin America

Which of the following most accurately describes the interactions between China and Europe in the nineteenth century? A) China became isolated politically in part because of its suppression of pro-Western Chinese dissidents B) China effectively lost its economic independence to Europe as a result of military losses to European forces C) China became a major exporter of manufactured goods to Europe D) China and Europe were forced into an uneasy alliance to reverse Japanese imperial expansion in northern China

B) China effectively lost its economic independence to Europe as a result of military losses to European forces

Which of the following were important agricultural products both Egypt and India during the nineteenth century? A) Sugarcane B) Cotton C) Tobacco D) Tea

B) Cotton

Which of the following reflected the living conditions of the Industrial Revolution? A) Initial housing was quite comfortable for immigrants B) Crime able to spread relatively unchecked in densely populated areas C) Factories closed in the winter time creating free time for factory laborers D) Health care prevented spread of disease in tenements E) The bourgeoisie and proletariat frequently shared housing because that's just the nice thing to do

B) Crime able to spread relatively unchecked in densely populated areas

Which of the following resulted from Europe's expansion overseas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? A) Europe's population size and industrial productivity declined B) European countries acquired colonies and dominated world trade C) The number of workers needed for European factories declined D) Mechanized agriculture spread worldwide

B) European countries acquired colonies and dominated world trade

1.__________ A. Ideas from the American Revolution spread B. Enslaved persons burned sugar fields and rebelled against French slave owners C. Toussaint L'Ouverture organized rebels Which title best completes this partial outline? A) Causes for Bismarck's Rise to Power B) Factors of the Haitian Revolution C) Results of the Munich Pact D) Situations contributing to the Zionist Movement

B) Factors of the Haitian Revolution

How was the colonization of India in the early nineteenth century similar to the European colonization of Africa during the same period? A) Both were motivated primarily by the need to acquire cotton cloth B) For the most part, Europeans stayed away from the center / interior of the two areas C) Both occurred as a result of the expulsion of the Dutch from the two areas D) Both were motivated by a desire for gold, silver and slaves

B) For the most part, Europeans stayed away from the center / interior of the two areas

Which of the following was among the first results of the European Industrial Revolution in other parts of the world? A) The beginning of the transatlantic slave trade B) Increased demand for commodities such as cotton and palm oil C) The search for oil in Africa, Asia and Latin America D) Construction of textile factories in Africa and Asia E) The partition of Africa by European imperial powers

B) Increased demand for commodities such as cotton and palm oil

What best describes mercantilism in South America? A) It was replaced with a capitalist system after the independence of South American nations B) It continued even after the independence of South American nations C) It was never a motivation for Europeans in their colonizing of South America D) It ended at the same time that slavery was abolished by most South American nations

B) It continued even after the independence of South American nations

What was a result of the Boxer Protocol? A) It forced foreign nations to pay China an indemnity for damage done during the Boxer Rebellion B) It forced China to pay foreign nations an indemnity for putting down the Boxer Rebellion C) It was the policy platform of the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists D) It was the Qing dynasty's official policy for putting down the Boxer Rebellion

B) It forced China to pay foreign nations an indemnity for putting down the Boxer Rebellion

Which of the following was not an economic advantage enjoyed by Britain in the eighteenth century? A) Abundant and accessible coal deposits B) Local sources of raw cotton C) Abundant skilled and unskilled labor D) Access to water transportation E) Sources of capital for investment

B) Local sources of raw cotton

"Americans . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society as mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded by galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products that are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of the type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this, add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity . . . in short, do you wish to know what our future held?—simply the cultivation of the fields of indigo, grain, coffee, sugarcane, cacao, and cotton; cattle raising on the broad plains; hunting wild game in the jungles; digging in the earth to mine its gold." Simon Bolivar, "Jamaica Letter," 1815 Bolivar was describing the effects of which of the following economic policies? A) Feudalism B) Mercantilism C) Socialism D) Capitalism

B) Mercantilism

"Americans . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society as mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded by galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products that are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of the type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this, add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity . . . in short, do you wish to know what our future held?—simply the cultivation of the fields of indigo, grain, coffee, sugarcane, cacao, and cotton; cattle raising on the broad plains; hunting wild game in the jungles; digging in the earth to mine its gold." Simon Bolivar, "Jamaica Letter," 1815 Bolivar was describing the effects of which of the following economic policies? A) Feudalism B) Mercantilism C) Socialism D) Capitalism

B) Mercantilism

Commander Cotton's reaction to the events in Jamaica, in the notice above, might best be understood in the context of which of the following? A) The expansion of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade across the Caribbean B) Mounting resistance to slavery in the Americas, reflected in challenges to imperial authority C) Growing profitability of plantation slavery in the Americas D) The waning influence of religious ideas and millenarianism in nationalist conflicts

B) Mounting resistance to slavery in the Americas, reflected in challenges to imperial authority

According to the cartoon above, what feature of European imperialism generated great protests among people living in the colonies? A) The Europeans placed exorbitant taxes on manufactured goods B) The Europeans' claim of bringing social benefits to the colonies C) The Europeans' introduction of diseases that wiped out the indigenous populations D) The Europeans promoted opium dependence in China

B) The Europeans' claim of bringing social benefits to the colonies

Which of the following contributed most to the abolition of slavery in the Atlantic World? A) Increased availability of Asian indentured laborers B) The adoption of Enlightened ideas challenging established social hierarchies C) The efforts of industrialists to create a more stable workforce D) A decline in the number of enslaved persons being taken from Africa

B) The adoption of Enlightened ideas challenging established social hierarchies

Which of the following contributed most to the growing movement to abolish slavery in the Atlantic world? A) Increased availability of Asian indentured labor B) The adoption of Enlightenment ideals challenging established social hierarchies C) The efforts of industrialists to create a more flexible workforce D) A decline in the number of enslaved persons being taken from Africa

B) The adoption of Enlightenment ideals challenging established social hierarchies

Which of the following was not a change associated with the Meiji Restoration in Japan? A) The adoption of the metric system B) The establishment of colonies in Southeast Asia C) Imitation of western dress D) The establishment of compulsory public education

B) The establishment of colonies in Southeast Asia

What was the first major trade to be fully power-driven and industrialized? A) The canning of food B) The textile industry C) The production of rubber D) The manufacture of glass E) The leather working trade

B) The textile industry

Which of the following best explains why Japan was more successful than China in resisting imperialist encroachments in the nineteenth century? A) Japan's manipulation of rivalries among western governments B) The willingness of Japan's elite to sponsor reform C) Lack of interest in Japanese markets D) Abundant natural resources

B) The willingness of Japan's elite to sponsor reform

During the nineteenth century, the people shown in the photograph above took measures to A) eradicate diseases that were transmitted via drug use in China B) end the Sino-British opium trade C) legalize the opium trade with India D) enforce inspections of food and drugs by the Chinese government

B) end the Sino-British opium trade

...In the passage above, Zeng Guofan's purpose insisting the policies of the current Qing emperor is most likely to A) demonstrate the similarity between the damage done by the Taiping rebellion to the Qing Empire and the damage done by earlier rebellions to other Chinese dynasties B) mobilize popular support by showing that the Taiping rebellion does not represent a legitimate challenge to Qing rule C) warn that the Qing policies of keeping taxes low and avoiding conscription might come to an end if the Taiping rebellion succeeds D) argue that the emperor's personal piety and benevolent rule prove that he accepts the validity of the Taiping rebels' grievances

B) mobilize popular support by showing that the Taiping rebellion does not represent a legitimate challenge to Qing rule

European imperialism was facilitated by all the following EXCEPT A) medical advances B) the abolition movement C) the invention of the steam engine D) improved European weaponry E) the desire for commercial plantations

B) the abolition movement

Which of the following is not an example of a benefit the British Raj brought to India during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? A) A decrease in religious strife between Muslims and Hindus B) The criminalization of burning a wide on her husband's funeral pyre C) A decrease in the economic exploitation of India D) The legal elimination of the pariah (untouchable) caste

C) A decrease in the economic exploitation of India

Which of the following is a primary reason that Napoleon was unsuccessful in his efforts to re-conquer Haiti? A) The Haitians were aided by American troops B) The Haitians were aided by British troops C) A large number of French troops were killed by yellow fever D) A large number of French troops were killed at sea in storms

C) A large number of French troops were killed by yellow fever

What role did zaibatsu play in the industrialization of Japan in the nineteenth century? A) As foreign industrial advisers, they oversaw the construction of factories based on Western models B) As the remnant of the ancient samurai class, they were actively engaged in the sabotage of industrial sites C) As large integrated corporations, they dominated most of Japan's industrial economy D) As Korean immigrants working in factories, they were Japan's first ethnic minority

C) As large integrated corporations, they dominated most of Japan's industrial economy

What was a similarity between the Russian Duma and the Japanese Diet at the time of their respective creations? A) Both were the assemblies of a democratic republic B) Neither body contained a house set aside for nuns C) Both bodies were eclipsed in power by the Emperor D) Neither body was based on the British parliamentary system

C) Both bodies were eclipsed in power by the Emperor

Which of the following was a similarity between Tupac Amaru and Toussaint L'Ouveerture? A) Both were internationally supported by the United States B) Both were the descendants of African slaves C) Both led rebellions against the colonial governments D) Both played important parts in the Napoleonic Wars

C) Both led rebellions against the colonial governments

Which of the following was a major reason for the decline in India's share of the global manufacture of cotton textiles by the end of the nineteenth century? A) Climate change that significantly altered the growing season B) Disruption of production from disputes with labor unions C) Competition from industrially produced British textiles D) Religious opposition to capitalist modes of production

C) Competition from industrially produced British textiles

...A Historian researching factors which contributed to the rise of industrial production in the 18th and 19th centuries would find which of the following sources most helpful? A) Records of trade and labor union meetings B) Recordsof speeches for and against colonial expansion C) Data on migration patterns of rural and urban areas D) Data on the prices of luxury goods

C) Data on migration patterns of rural and urban areas

Which of the following facilitated the creation of European empires in Africa during the late nineteenth century? A) Africans' unified resistance to European intervention B) Europeans' desire to develop industry in Africa C) Europeans' use of both warfare and diplomacy D) Africans' widespread acceptance of European laws

C) Europeans' use of both warfare and diplomacy

Which statement does NOT describe nineteenth-century imperialism? A) The need to control the interests in the Suez Canal drove Britain to put down a revolt in Egypt and then to fight against revolt in the Sudan B) The need to connect new territories drove the United States to support a revolution in Panama and to construct the Panama Canal C) Japan had no imperialistic during the Meiji era D) Competition between Britain and France resulted in further expansion of their empires in Asia

C) Japan had no imperialistic during the Meiji era

Which of the following developments in the period 1878-1922 best explains the change in Japanese trade patterns shown in the graphs above? A) Japanese manufacturing output decreased because Japanese leaders restricted commercial ties B) Export of manufactured goods declined because United States tariffs on Japanese goods increased C) Japanese manufacturing output rose as a consequence of industrialization D) Japanese imports of raw materials increased as a consequence of extensive immigration to Japan

C) Japanese manufacturing output rose as a consequence of industrialization

In the Japanese print above of the war between China and Japan (1894-1895), the artist suggests that the A) Chinese were brave and honored opponents B) Japanese fought by using time-honored samurai tactics and weapons C) Japanese showed their mastery of Western technology, dress, and military bearing D) Chinese actively sought foreign help against the Japanese

C) Japanese showed their mastery of Western technology, dress, and military bearing

Which of the following best explains all of the migration movements shown on the map above? A) Large labor surpluses in India and China, due to success of British and Qin agricultural reforms B) The end of the slave trade in the Americas and the intensification of European colonial expansion in Africa C) Labor shortages in plantation agriculture, the mineral extraction industry, and transportation projects D) The end of revolutions in the Americas and the establishment of the American republics

C) Labor shortages in plantation agriculture, the mineral extraction industry, and transportation projects

Which was a major roadblock to the establishment of constitutional democracies in Latin America during the early nineteenth century? A) The Monroe doctrine caused the United States to intervene in the domestic affairs of Latin American nations B) Simon Bolivar died shortly after the nations gained independence, shattering the unity of Latin America C) Latin America had no tradition of liberal democracy, and thus it was without context in many new nations D) The treat of Spanish re-conquest caused the people of Latin America to turn to oppressive dictators

C) Latin America had no tradition of liberal democracy, and thus it was without context in many new nations

Which of the following was a social effect of the Industrial Revolution? A) Birth of the proletariat- owners who control labor B) Middle class prevented from owning agriculture C) Man becomes part of the machine instead of controlling the machine D) On the assembly line, independent thought encouraged E) Pace of work slows down giving individual workers more control over pace of labor

C) Man becomes part of the machine instead of controlling the machine

Which of the following is a significant result of the late-18th and early-19th century revolutions in both Europe and the Americas? A) The theory of divine right monarchy dominated intellectual discourse in both Europe and the Americas B) People throughout Europe and the Americas rejected the concept of popular sovereignty C) Nation-states emerged as the principal form of political organization in both Europe and the Americas D) Philosophical liberalism as a force in political life declined throughout Europe and the Americas

C) Nation-states emerged as the principal form of political organization in both Europe and the Americas

"Americans today, and perhaps to a greater extent than ever before, who live within the Spanish system, occupy composition in society no better than that of serfs destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers..." This quotation, written in September 1815, represents the views of A) Martin Luther B) Catherine the Great C) Simon Bolivar D) Adam Smith

C) Simon Bolivar

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the French and American Revolution and the Haitian Rebellion of 1791? A) The American and the French Revolutions both served as inspirations B) The American and French Revolutions both directly caused the rebellion C) The American Revolution was an inspiration, but the French Revolution was a direct cause D) The French Revolution was an inspiration, but the American Revolution was a direct cause

C) The American Revolution was an inspiration, but the French Revolution was a direct cause

Based on an analysis of the Japanese currency used during the Meiji period (1868-1912) shown above, which of the following is the primary message conveyed by the engraving? A) The Japanese government considered its geographical proximity to China to be of primary importance B) The Japanese government focused its expansionist policy on Australia and New Zealand C) The Japanese government saw itself as a major Pacific power D) The Japanese government was eager to develop trade ties with the United States

C) The Japanese government saw itself as a major Pacific power

"Liberty and justice consist of restoring all that belongs to others; thus, the only limits on the exercise of the natural rights of woman are perpetual male tyranny; these limits are to be reformed by the laws of nature and reason." Olympe de Gouges, French feminist, Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen, 1791 The passage above is an example of which of the following processes occurring in the eighteenth century? A) The emergence of nationalism B) The formation of separatist movements C) The application of Enlightenment ideas D) The growth of empirical science

C) The application of Enlightenment ideas

The Crimean War illustrated all of the following EXCEPT A) Russia's need to modernize B) Ongoing tension between Russia and the Western European powers C) The growing strength of the Ottoman Empire D) The superior military technology of Western Europe

C) The growing strength of the Ottoman Empire

"Spirits of Moctezuma, Cuauhtemoc and other Aztec heroes, as once you celebrated that feast before being slaughtered by the treacherous sword of the Spanish conquistadors, so now celebrate this happy moment in which your sons have united to avenge the crimes and outrages committed against you, and to free themselves from the claws of [Spanish] tyranny and fanaticism. To th 12th of August 1521-- the day that the chains of our serfdom were fastened-- there now succeeds the 14th of September 1813-- when these chains are broken forever." Jose Maria Morelos, Mexican revolutionary speech, 1813 Judging from the excerpt above, which of the following was the main purpose of Morelos' speech? A) To outline a plan for the long-term development of the new Mexican state B) To oppose the claims of Mexican Creoles seeking to play a leading role in the new state C) To offer a vision of Mexican history that could be used as a basis for nation building D) To suggest that the establishment of the Mexican nation-state was proof of the superiority of the Aztecs

C) To offer a vision of Mexican history that could be used as a basis for nation building

The Treaty of Nanjing is an example of a(n) A) Environmental treaty B) Fictional treaty C) Unequal treaty D) Independence treaty

C) Unequal treaty

Before 1870, the European presence in Africa was characterized primarily by A) military conquests of large territories B) intense colonization and settlements of large areas C) coastal enclaves for trade and a few settlements D) frequent costal raids along with racial segregation imposed on conquered peoples

C) coastal enclaves for trade and a few settlements

As reflected on the map above a major factor that contributed to the transition that took place in South America between 1790 and 1828 was the A) indigenous populations gained immunity against the European populations B) colonial power experienced periods of weak leadership C) enlightenment principles of freedom had spread from Europe and the United States D) rise in railroad construction, which unified the different South American countries

C) enlightenment principles of freedom had spread from Europe and the United States

Simon Bolivar, Toussaint L'Overture, and Bernardo O'Higgins were Latin American leaders of A) economic development B) educational reforms C) independence movements D) colonial expansion

C) independence movements

The United States Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Right of Ma and Citizen reflect a shared concern for A) physical elimination of the ruling class B) confiscation of church property C) protection of private property D) preservation of the monarchy

C) protection of private property

The new imperialism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries A) brought technology created for the benefit of subject peoples B) created an egalitarian society in India C) resulted in some effects similar to those of the Columbian Exchange D) strengthened African village traditions E) led to increased cooperation between the United States and the governments of Latin America

C) resulted in some effects similar to those of the Columbian Exchange

Which of the following describes an accurate similarity between the Qing and Russian empires in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? A) Both relied heavily on maritime trade as a source of material goods B) Both successfully resisted pressure from industrialized powers C) Both were heavily influenced by the intellectual work of Jesuit missionary D) Both had vast territories with peoples of various ethnicities and languages

D) Both had vast territories with peoples of various ethnicities and languages

Which would describe an accurate similarity between the Russian and Qing Empires in the 18th and 19th centuries? A) Both relied heavily on maritime trade for material goods B) Both successfully resisted pressure from industrialized powers C) Both were heavily influenced by the intellectual work of Jesuit missionaries D) Both had vast territories with peoples of various ethnicities and languages

D) Both had vast territories with peoples of various ethnicities and languages

During the period of European industrialization, which of the following was considered a cause of worker exploitation rather than a possible solution? A) Labor Unions B) Marxism C) Legislation D) Capitalism

D) Capitalism

Which of the following was a common characteristic of the governments established by the North American and South American independence movements of the 18th and 19th centuries? A) Extension of universal suffrage to all adult males B) Abolition of slavery within 20 years of independence C) Establishment of dictators installed by a military coup D) Civil rights limited to a small part of the population

D) Civil rights limited to a small part of the population

"Americans . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society as mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded by galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products that are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of the type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this, add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity . . . in short, do you wish to know what our future held?—simply the cultivation of the fields of indigo, grain, coffee, sugarcane, cacao, and cotton; cattle raising on the broad plains; hunting wild game in the jungles; digging in the earth to mine its gold." Simon Bolivar, "Jamaica Letter," 1815 Which of the following groups was Bolivar most trying to influence with this letter? A) Mulatto shopkeepers B) Plantation slaves C) Amerindian miners D) Creole elites

D) Creole elites

"Americans . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society as mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded by galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products that are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of the type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this, add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity . . . in short, do you wish to know what our future held?—simply the cultivation of the fields of indigo, grain, coffee, sugarcane, cacao, and cotton; cattle raising on the broad plains; hunting wild game in the jungles; digging in the earth to mine its gold." Simon Bolivar, "Jamaica Letter," 1815 Which of the following groups was Bolivar most trying to influence with this letter? A) Mulatto shopkeepers B) Plantation slaves C) Amerindian miners D) Creole elites

D) Creole elites

In contrast to initial industrialization, the second Industrial Revolution in the last half of the nineteenth century was particularly associated with the mass production of which of the following? A) Textiles, iron, and coal B) Textiles, automobiles, and plastics C) Airplanes, ships, and radios D) Electricity, steel, and chemicals

D) Electricity, steel, and chemicals

...The concept of "White Man's Burden" was used to justify A) the rapid industrialization of Western Europe B) revolutionary movements that favored radical political change C) the continuation of the trans-Atlantic slave trade D) European imperialist ambitions

D) European imperialist ambitions

The wars of independence in Latin America in the early nineteenth century resulted in which of the following? A) Rapid industrialization in the region B) Democratic states C) Racial equality D) Few changes in social structure

D) Few changes in social structure

The wars of independence in Latin America in the early nineteenth century resulted in which of the following? A) Rapid industrialization in the region B) Democratic states C) Racial equality D) Few changes in social structure

D) Few changes in social structure

Which of the following describes the major impact of the introduction of coffee growing in places like Kenya and El Salvador after1880? A) The weakening of the European colonial military and landowning elite B) Access to cheaper food for Africans and and Latin Americans C) Increased control over the land by Africans and Latin Americans D) Greater dependence on foreign markets by Africans and Latin Americans

D) Greater dependence on foreign markets by Africans and Latin Americans

The Atlantic Slave Trade ended because; I. obtaining slaves was becoming a financial burden II. new technologies made human labor less important III. the Western world had growing ethical concerns A) II only B) I and II only C) I and III only D) I, II and III

D) I, II and III

Which of the following was a major unintended effect of the publication of Charles Darwin's 1859 work On the Origin of Species? A) It became the basis for scientific research of human development B) It provided a scientific explanation of the evolution of animals and plants C) It became the basis for all research on species extinction D) It became the basis of various theories asserting that Europeans were naturally superior peoples

D) It became the basis of various theories asserting that Europeans were naturally superior peoples

Which of the following is true of both Russia and Japan by 1914? A) Both had effective democratic institutions that restrained the power of the monarchs B) Both had low rates of literacy C) Marxism had become a strong influence among urban workers in both countries D) Rapid, state- sponsored industrialization had occurred in both countries

D) Rapid, state- sponsored industrialization had occurred in both countries

Which of the following movements were designed to resist European imperialism through reform? A) The African National Congress B) The Zaibatsu C) The Irian Jaya Movement D) The Congress Party of India

D) The Congress Party of India

The scene above depicts which of the following? A) Japanese feudalism during the Kamakura Period B) The caste system in Hinduism C) The hacienda system in the Spanish colonies of North America D) The ancient regime of eighteenth century France

D) The ancient regime of eighteenth century France

Many historians have argued that by the late nineteenth century the industrialized nations of Europe had achieved global economic dominance more through force and coercion than through the superiority of their industrial products. Which of the following nineteenth century developments would best support this contention? A) The growth of industrial production in North America B) The growth of South American agricultural exports C) The abolition of slavery in the Americas D) The decline of the Indian textile industry's share of global manufacturing

D) The decline of the Indian textile industry's share of global manufacturing

One major effect of Napoleon's rule of France was that it led to A) an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church B) massive emigration to the Americas C) trade agreements with Great Britain D) a restoration of political stability

D) a restoration of political stability

As independence was gained by most Latin American countries, the power once held by the King's representatives was assumed by A) the peasants B) labor unions C) Maya, Aztec, and Inca rulers D) military leaders

D) military leaders

South Africa A) was subjected more to economic imperialism than political control B) saw British enslavement of native peoples C) became and egalitarian society under Dutch rule D) saw the beginnings of racial divisions during colonial rule E) wasn't subject to European competition because of its lack of natural resources

D) saw the beginnings of racial divisions during colonial rule

The Sepoy Mutiny resulted in A) the end of British and Dutch dominance of the Indian subcontinent B) the beginning of the Apartheid system in South Africa and the end of the Boer War C) the French colonization of East Africa and the independence of Ethiopia D) the transfer of control of India to the British Empire from the British East Indian Company

D) the transfer of control of India to the British Empire from the British East Indian Company

Imperialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a result of all the following EXCEPT A) Nationalism B) Militarism C) Industrialization D) Social Darwinism E) Socialism

E) Socialism

Economic imperialism A) didn't lead to direct political control over new territories B) led to colonial dependence upon industrialized nations C) was the most common imperialist model in Africa D) led to industrialization of Latin America E) led to close political ties between Latin American and European nations

E) led to close political ties between Latin American and European nations