What's the Matter?

polyatomic molecules

are composed of more than two atoms of the same element

monatomic molecules

are composed of only one atom

diatomic molecules

are composed of two atoms of the same element

properties

are distinguishing characteristics that you use to identify different samples of matter

pure substance

are forms of matter that have definite chemical composition

heterogeneous mixtures

are made up of more than one phase and can be seperated by physical means. the different components are visibly distinguishable from one another

mixtures

are made up of two or more substances that are physically combined

compounds

are substances that are made up of more than one type of atom. these can be seperated into two or more simpler substances by chemical reactions.

elements

are substances that are made up of only one type of atom.

increased

as the temp rises, the kinetic energy of the particles is - and matter transforms to a more active state without changing it's chemical properties

mixtures

can be homogeneous or heterogeneous

absorbing or releasing

change in the state of matter is brought about by - or - an amount of energy or heat

chemically

compounds differ from mixtures such that compounds are - combined with definite and uniform chemical composition

phase

each of the states is also known as - and is described using the particulate theory of matter

m d polyatomic

elements exist as 3

s b sw a m r

examples of mixtures in nature are

Bose-Einstein condensate

fifth state of matter

plasma

fourth state of matter

Matter

It can be detected using your senses-sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste

physical separation

- methods include filtration, evaporation, sublimation, distillation, decantation, crystallization and use of sieves and magnets

chemical separation

- methods include heating using electricity or light energy to decompose a substance or to replace element in a substance with a more active one

radioactive

- particles may be electrons, protons, neutrons or elements

s l g

The three main states of matter are

physical change

a - occurs when the composition of the substance in question is not altered in the process

chemical change

a - or chemical reaction, occurs when the composition of a substance is changed into a substance having physical and chemical properties completely different from the original

cyclotron

a device that was used to discover many artificial radioactive elements

cobalt 60

an example of radioactive element is -. this element is used in gamma radiation to treat cancer

plasma

free electrical charges cause - to be electrically conductive. It may be formed by heating and ionizing a gas. It occurs only in lightning discharges and in artificial devices like fluorescent bulbs and neon lights

fermentation

grape juice into wine through the process of

homogeneous mixtures

have only one phase or have uniform appearance throughout

rust

iron metal, when exposed to moist air, is chemically converted to a red-brown compound called

solution

is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in variable composition

controlled chemical change

is a major factor in addressing our present needs. the raw materials are purposefully made to undergo chemical changes

sodium

is a soft metal that can be cut easily with table knife

chlorine

is a very poisonous green gas with an intensely disagreeable suffocating odor

sodium chloride

is a white crystalline compound used as a food preservative or seasoning

Matter

is anything that has mass and occupies space. It may either be living or non-living.

matter

is composed of very small particles (atoms or molecules) that are in constant motion and are held together by attractive forces

carbon dioxide

is made up of carbon and oxygen atoms.

water

is made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms

evaporation

is the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas

condensation

is the change of state from a gas to liquid

freezing

is the change of state in which a liquid becomes a solid as heat is removed

melting

is the physical change of a solid to a liquid by the addition of energy as heat

deposition

is the process in which a gas changes directly to a solid

sublimation

is the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas

radioactivity

is the spontaneous emission of energetic particles of an atom

steam

is used as a cure in treating pimples overnight, preventing it from reappearing

mixtures

it can be seperated by physical means

chemical property

it is also a - if a substance does not react with another substance because it is inert or more stable than the other substance

chemical property

it is evident when a substance reacts with another substance

plasma

it is often seen in ionized gases. it is distinct from a gas because it possesses unique properries

gas

low density

p c

matter has two main kinds of properties-

m f e c s d

physical changes matter undergoes are 6

vinegar

pineapple juice or buvo juice into

electricity

pure liquid water does not conduct -

elements or compounds

pure substances can be classified as 2

solute solvent

solutions are made up of two parts- the + which gets dissolved + which does the dissolving

homogeneous

solutions like saltwater and rubbing alcohol are considered - because they have one phase

solutions

tea, coffee, metal alloys and the air we breathe are some examples of -

chemical properties

the - of water are the characteristics that can be observed when the substance undergoes a change in composition

electrolysis

the ability of water to undergo a process called - is among it's chemical properties

color odor taste release of gas

the ff are pieces of evidence of a chemical change- change in 4

physical state

the most common physical change is the change in -

physically

the parts of a solution are - not chemically combined

temp

the phase can change when - changes

physical chemical

there are two types of changes that matter may go through-

physical properties

these are the characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance

elements

they cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means

Ernest Orlando Lawrence

was an American nuclear scientist. He was a 1939 Nobel Prize winner in Physics for his invention of the cyclotron. The number 103 element was named lawrencium Lr in his honor after its discovery in 1951 at Berkeley

removed

when heat is -, the kinetic energy of the particles is lessened and particles are attracted to each other

added

when heat is -, the particles of matter move faster and farther from each other