whitbys test
23."Although important strides were made, Reconstruction failed to provide lasting guarantees of the civil rights of the freedmen." Which evidence best supports this statement 1.passage of Jim Crow laws in the latter part of the 19th century 2. ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments 3.refusal of Southern States to allow sharecropping 4.passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1866 "Although important strides were made, Reconstruction failed to provide lasting guarantees of the civil rights of the freedmen."
Correct Answer Number: 1
24.Which statement about the philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois is most accurate? 1.They differed as to the best way that African Americans could effectively achieve equality. 2.Both demanded programs that would provide for immediate social equality. 3.Both believed that vocational training would provide the most important kind of education for African Americans. 4.Neither wanted the Federal Government to play a major role in protecting the civil rights of African Americans.
Correct Answer Number: 1
27.The label "Solid South" was applied to the former Confederate States after Reconstruction because they 1.consistently supported the Democratic Party 2.could not participate in national politics 3.rejected efforts to pass Jim Crow laws 4.continued to support abolitionist causes
Correct Answer Number: 1
31.Poll taxes and grandfather clauses were devices used to 1.deny African Americans the right to vote 2.extend suffrage to women and 18-year-old citizens 3.raise money for political campaigns 4.prevent immigrants from becoming citizens
Correct Answer Number: 1
38.Southern states attempted to limit the impact of constitutional amendments passed during the Reconstruction Era by 1.passing Jim Crow laws 2.ending racial discrimination 3.seceding from the Union 4.fighting the Civil War
Correct Answer Number: 1
45Following Reconstruction, the term New South was most often used to describe 1.changes in the Southern economy 2.new attitudes in race relations 3.the growth of the Republican Party in the South 4.the decline of the sharecropping system
Correct Answer Number: 1
49.What effect did the system of sharecropping have on the South after the Civil War? 1.It kept formerly enslaved persons economically dependent. 2.It brought investment capital to the South. 3.It encouraged Northerners to migrate south. 4.It provided for a fairer distribution of farm profits.
Correct Answer Number: 1
54.Constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction were intended to 1.provide legal and political rights for African Americans 2.end property and religious qualifications for voting 3.correct problems with the electoral college system 4.limit the number of terms of the president
Correct Answer Number: 1
6."By the 1850's, the Constitution, originally framed as an instrument of national unity, had become a source of sectional discord." This quotation suggests that 1.vast differences of opinion existed over the issue of States rights 2.the Federal Government had become more interested in foreign affairs than in domestic problems 3.the Constitution had no provisions for governing new territories 4.the Southern States continued to import slaves
Correct Answer Number: 1
1.Which argument did President Abraham Lincoln use against the secession of the Southern States? 1.Slavery was not profitable 2.The government was a union of people and not of states. 3. The Southern States did not permit their people to vote on secession. 4. As the Commander in Chief, he had the duty to defend the United States against foreign invasion. Explanation: Prior to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, Lincoln tried many persuasive arguments to preserve the Union. He contended that; "in view of the Constitution and the law, the union is unbroken". Despite his efforts seven states had seceded by his inauguration in March 1861, and after the firing on Fort Sumter the Civil War was in progress.
Correct Answer Number: 2
12."A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free." -Abraham Lincoln, 1858 According to this quotation, Abraham Lincoln believed that 1.slavery was immoral and should be abolished immediately 2.sectional differences threatened to destroy the Union 3.the Southern states should be allowed to secede 4.to save the nation, the North should compromise with the South on slavery
Correct Answer Number: 2
2.The abolitionist movement, the women's suffrage movement, and the 1960's civil rights movement are all examples of reform efforts that 1.succeeded without causing major controversy 2.developed significant popular support 3.achieved their goals without government action 4.failed to affect the nation as a whole
Correct Answer Number: 2
21.In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada? 1.They feared being drafted into the Northern army. 2.The Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the United States. 3.More factory jobs were available in Canada. 4.Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves
Correct Answer Number: 2
26. The Jim Crow laws of the post-Civil War Era were attempts by 1.the Federal Government to improve the status of African Americans and Native American Indians 2.state and local governments to restrict the freedoms of African Americans 3.states to ban organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan 4.the Radical Republicans in Congress to carry out Reconstruction plans
Correct Answer Number: 2
28.The 14th amendment provides that no "state [shall] deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." A direct result of this amendment was that 1.the process of amending the Constitution became slower and more complex 2.the guarantees in the Bill of Rights were applied to state actions 3.every citizen gained an absolute right to freedom of speech and assembly 4.the power of the Federal Government was sharply reduced
Correct Answer Number: 2
36.Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois shared the belief that African Americans should 1.use force to bring an immediate end to segregation in public facilities 2.pursue education as the key to improving social status 3.recognize that the growth of labor unions was the major barrier to economic advancement 4.strive for immediate social equality with whites
Correct Answer Number: 2
4.A major result of the Civil War was that the 1.economic system of the South came to dominate the United States economy 2. Federal Government's power over the States was strengthened 3.members of Congress from Southern States gained control of the legislative branch 4. nation's industrial development came to a standstill
Correct Answer Number: 2
41.The Jim Crow laws, upheld by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), provided for 1.free land for former slaves 2.separate public facilities based on race 3.racial integration of public schools 4.voting rights for African-American males
Correct Answer Number: 2
42.Which newspaper headline would have appeared during the Reconstruction Period after the Civil War? 1."Jim Crow Laws End" 2."Former Slaves Made Citizens" 3."Supreme Court Issues Dred Scott Decision" 4. "Emancipation Proclamation Issued"
Correct Answer Number: 2
43.Which statement most accurately describes President Abraham Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction after the Civil War? 1.Southerners should be made to pay for their rebellion. 2.The Union should be restored as quickly as possible. 3.African Americans should be given free land. 4.War damages should be collected through military occupation.
Correct Answer Number: 2
47.The underlying reason for the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson was 1.the Credit Mobilier scandal 2.a power struggle with Congress over Reconstruction 3.his refusal to appoint new justices to the Supreme Court 4. his policies toward Native American Indians
Correct Answer Number: 2
5.Sectional differences developed in the United States largely because 1. the Federal Government adopted a policy of neutrality 2. economic conditions and interests in each region varied 3. only northerners were represented at the Constitutional Convention 4.early Presidents favored urban areas over rural areas
Correct Answer Number: 2
56.Many Southern States tried to limit the effects of Radical Reconstruction by 1.adopting federal laws mandating segregation 2.enacting Jim Crow laws 3.abolishing the Southern sharecropping system 4.securing passage of new amendments to the United States Constitution
Correct Answer Number: 2
7.Early in his Presidency, Abraham Lincoln declared that his primary goal as President was to 1.enforce the Emancipation Proclamation 2.preserve the Union 3.end slavery throughout the entire country 4.encourage sectionalism
Correct Answer Number: 2
9"Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820) "California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850) "Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854) Which issue is reflected in these headlines? 1.enactment of protective tariffs 2.extension of slavery 3.voting rights for minorities 4.universal public education
Correct Answer Number: 2
18.The North's rapid economic growth during the Civil War was stimulated by 1.the elimination of taxes on defense industries 2.a reduction in the number of immigrants 3. increased government demand for many products 4.enslaved persons filling industrial jobs
Correct Answer Number: 3
25. "[The registrar] brought a big old book out there, and he gave me the sixteenth section of the constitution of Mississippi, . . . I could copy it like it was in the book, but after I got through copying it, he told me to give a reasonable interpretation and tell the meaning of the section I had copied. Well, I flunked out." Source: A History of the United States since 1861 The main intent of the literacy test described in the passage was to 1.encourage reform of the political system 2.encourage Mississippi residents to learn about their state's legal system 3. prevent African Americans from exercising a basic right 4.enforce the provisions of the United States Constitution
Correct Answer Number: 3
29.After the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, African Americans continued to experience political and economic oppression mainly because 1.the amendments were not intended to solve their problems 2.many African Americans distrusted the Federal Government 3.Southern legislatures enacted Jim Crow laws 4.poor communications kept people from learning about their legal rights
Correct Answer Number: 3
3.Which statement best explains President Abraham Lincoln's justification for the Civil War? 1.As an abolitionist, President Lincoln wanted to end slavery in the United States. 2. President Lincoln wanted to keep the South economically dependent on the industrial North. 3.President Lincoln's oath of office required him to defend and preserve the Union. 4.To keep the support of Great Britain and France, President Lincoln had to try to end slavery immediately.
Correct Answer Number: 3
32.W.E.B. Du Bois believed that African Americans should attempt to gain equality in the United States by 1.setting up a separate nation within the United States 2.entering vocational training programs in separate schools 3.demanding full and immediate participation in American society 4.taking over the leadership of the two major political parties
Correct Answer Number: 3
34.How were many African Americans in the South affected after Reconstruction ended in 1877? 1.A constitutional amendment guaranteed their social advancement 2.The Freedmen's Bureau helped them become farmowners. 3.Jim Crow laws placed major restrictions on their rights. 4.Southern factories offered them job training and employment opportunities
Correct Answer Number: 3
35.The provision of the Radical Republicans' plan for Reconstruction that Southern States found most objectionable was that a former Confederate State could not be readmitted to the Union unless that State 1.gave land and money to former slaves 2.granted full citizenship to former Confederate leaders 3.ratified the 14th amendment 4.agreed to modernize its economy
Correct Answer Number: 3
37.After the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, African Americans continued to experience political and economic oppression mainly because 1.the amendments were not intended to solve their problems 2.many African Americans distrusted the Federal Government 3. Southern legislatures enacted Jim Crow laws 4.poor communications kept people from learning about their legal rights
Correct Answer Number: 3
40.Booker T. Washington stated that the best way for formerly enslaved persons to advance themselves in American society was to 1.leave their farms in the South and move to the North 2.run for political office 3.pursue economic gains through vocational training 4.form a separate political party
Correct Answer Number: 3
46.The 14th and 15th Amendments, passed during Reconstruction, resulted in 1.equal rights for women in the United States 2.expanded rights for Native American Indians on reservations 3.increased individual rights for African Americans 4. additional rights for Southern segregationists
Correct Answer Number: 3
48.The Jim Crow legal system, which expanded in the South after Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), was based on the Supreme Court's interpretation of the 1.due process clause of the 5th Amendment 2.states' rights provision of the 10th Amendment 3.equal protection clause in the 14th Amendment 4. voting rights provision in the 15th Amendment
Correct Answer Number: 3
50.Following the Civil War, many Southern states enacted Black Codes to 1.provide free farmland for African Americans 2.guarantee equal civil rights for African Americans 3.restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons 4.support the creation of the Freedmen's Bureau
Correct Answer Number: 3
51.What was a major result of the Civil War? 1.States now had the right to secede from the Union. 2.Congress passed an amendment to provide for the direct election of senators. 3.The power of the central government was strengthened. 4.The judiciary became the dominant branch of the federal government.
Correct Answer Number: 3
52.In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming 1.conductors on the Underground Railroad 2.workers in Northern factories 3.sharecroppers on Southern farms 4.gold miners in California
Correct Answer Number: 3
8.The rulings of the Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), and Korematsu v. United States (1944) all demonstrate that the Supreme Court has 1.continued to extend voting rights to minorities 2. protected itself from internal dissent 3.sometimes failed to protect the rights of minorities 4.often imposed restrictions on free speech during wartime
Correct Answer Number: 3
10. Before the Civil War, slavery expanded in the South rather than in the North because 1.the Constitution contained a clause that outlawed the importation of slaves into the Northern states 2.Congress passed a law forbidding slavery in the North 3.Northern states passed affirmative action legislation 4.geographic conditions in the South encouraged the development of large plantations
Correct Answer Number: 4
11.Which phrase best completes the title for the partial outline shown below? I. Reasons for the ______________________ A. Increasing sectionalism B. Disagreements over states' rights issues C. Breakdown of compromise D. Election of 1860 1.Start of the Revolutionary War 2.Adoption of the Bill of Rights 3.Failure of the Whiskey Rebellion 4.Secession of Southern States from the Union
Correct Answer Number: 4
15. As the Civil War began, President Abraham Lincoln stated that his primary goal was to 1.end slavery 2.set new national boundaries 3.increase congressional powers 4.preserve the Union
Correct Answer Number: 4
16.The Civil War affected the northern economy by 1.causing a severe depression 2.increasing unemployment rates 3.decreasing demand for agricultural products 4.stimulating industrialization
Correct Answer Number: 4
22.Which statement best summarizes the beliefs of Booker T. Washington? 1.The best solution for African Americans was to return to Africa. 2.Social equality for African Americans would be easier to achieve than legal rights. 3.The way to dissolve the barriers of segregation and bring about an end to Jim Crow laws was by active, violent resistance. 4.The most immediate means for African Americans to achieve equality was to expand their opportunities for vocational education.
Correct Answer Number: 4
30.The dispute between President Andrew Johnson and Congress during the Reconstruction Era illustrates the constitutional principle of 1.equality of justice under the law 2.federalism 3.one man, one vote 4.separation of powers
Correct Answer Number: 4
33.A major reason the Radical Republicans opposed President Abraham Lincoln's Reconstruction plan was that his plan 1.demanded payments from the South that would have damaged its economy 2.postponed the readmission of Southern States into the Union for many years 3.granted too many rights to formerly enslaved persons 4.offered amnesty to nearly all Confederates who would swear allegiance to the United States
Correct Answer Number: 4
39."No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges . . . of citizens . . . nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. . . ." The major purpose of these provisions of the 14th Amendment was to 1.limit the power of the federal government 2.expand the civil rights of women 3.maintain competition in business 4.protect the rights of African Americans
Correct Answer Number: 4
44.During Reconstruction, the Black Codes passed by Southern states were attempts to 1.provide land to former slaves 2.punish former Confederate leaders 3.repeal the Jim Crow laws 4.deny equal rights to African Americans
Correct Answer Number: 4
52.The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the 1.Compromise of 1850 2.Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 3.creation of the Freedmen's Bureau in 1865 4.ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865
Correct Answer Number: 4
53.During the late 1800s, Southern voters solidly supported the Democratic Party primarily because Democrats 1.favored a stronger national government 2.led efforts to advance civil rights 3.opposed the Jim Crow legal system 4.disliked the Reconstruction programs of the Republicans
Correct Answer Number: 4
55.In the South, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the 1870s and 1880s led directly to the 1.racial integration of public schools .2decline of the Democratic party 3.organization of the Ku Klux Klan 4.segregation of public facilities
Correct Answer Number: 4
31. What is the explanation why "deny African Americans the right to vote" is the answer to the question, Poll taxes and grandfather clauses were devices used to
Explanation: Literacy tests and poll taxes were common tactics used in southern states to suppress voting by African-Americans. Grandfather clauses were enacted as a way of allowing poor, uneducated, white southerners to vote despite the tests and taxes, based on their grandfathers voting history. The KKK also used scare tatics, threats and violence to keep black voters in the south away from the polls.