Wildlife Policy Exam 2

Aldo Leopold

"Father of Wildlife Management" First professor of wildlife management Authored the first wildlife management textbook

Section 404 seeks to do what?

-Avoid impacts on wetlands or minimize them -Mitigate unavoidable impacts

Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 (Amended to Clean Water Act 1972)

-First major law addressing water pollution -Regulates pollutant discharge -Gives EPA authority to implement pollution control programs -unlawful for people to discharge pollutants without permit

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers responsibilities include:

-locks and dams -flood control -environmental regulation -ecosystem restoration

At what age did Rachel Carson publish?

10

Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act of 1950 (Dingell-Johnson Act)

10% excise tax on sport fishing tackle 3% tax on fish finders and trolling motors Duties on fishing tackle, yachts, pleasure craft Tax on motorboat/small engine fuel

In Tennessee USACE operates how many lakes, locks, and dams?

6

The development of wildlife management as a profession was largely led by who?

A. Leopold

What does EIS have to list?

Adverse environmental effects and alternatives to proposed actions.

Objectives of the EPA?

Air Climate Change Ecosystems Health Land, waste, cleanup Pesticides Substances and Toxics Sustainable practices Water

The American Game Institute developed a policy to guide wildlife conservation in the U.S. called what?

American Game Policy (1930)

The excise tax on sporting arms includes what?

Ammo, handguns, Archery, hunter education, Firearms

Fur Seal Protection

An act to prevent the Extermination of Fur-bearing animals in Alaska.

Land and Water Conservation Fund Act 1964

Appropriates funds each year from offshore oil and gas revenue (max. $900 mil)

Rachel Carson

Biologist, writer, and inspiration for the Modern Environmental Movement in U.S.

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee evaluates what?

Care, treatment, housing, and use of animals, to insure compliance with rules and guidelines.

If covered under NEPA, 3 options are available for compliance with law:

Categorical Exclusion (CE), Environmental Assessment (EA) and Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI), Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

Who can use restricted pesticides?

Certified applicators or those working under their direction

Who designates Wilderness Areas?

Congress

Management of marine conservation lies with who?

Department of Commerce

TWRA

Directed by a Tennessee Fish and Wildlife Commission

Section 18 of FIFRA deals with what?

Emergency exemptions under certain circumstances

National Act of 1964

Est. National Wildernes System

National Environment Policy Act 1969

Est. procedural requirements for federal agency projects or actions

FIFRA in 1947

Est. procedures for registering pesticides with USDA but mainly concentrated on labeling provisions

Forsythe-Chafee Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act (Non-Game)

Expanded federal support for conservation of non-game vertebrate species, but no funding was authorized

Four statutes affecting wildlife resource and management

Federal insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

What dictates actions covered under NEPA?

Federally controlled such as federally funded, licensed/permitted, or undertaken by federal government.

Dingell-Johnson Act pays up to 75% of state level _________________ _____________

Fisheries activities

Funds from the Pittman-Robertson Act go to what?

Funds go to wildlife restoration account and then allocated back to states to pay up to 75% of state-level projects

Conservation and Reinvestment Act (Non-game)

Generated much controversy and discussion, but didn't pass congress until 2000 and was only funded for one year

Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Program provides oversight and support for a number of what?

Grant Programs

Federal agencies mandated to develop ________________ to assure compliance with ________.

Guidelines AWA.

Amendement of AWA in 1985?

Improved standards for lab animals

How does AWA apply to TTU?

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees

Animal Welfare Act was first passed as what?

Laboratory Animal Welfare Act

Three main assets that the grant money goes to within the states?

Land management Research Hunter Education

Carson was credited with what?

Launching the contemporary environmental movement

Vertebrate Toxicants under FIFRA's rule?

M-44 (Cyanide) Compound 1080 (Sodium Fluoroacetate)

Where is Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge?

Maine (Piper Plover)

TWRA responsibilities include?

Manage populations/habitats Research Land Acquisition Recreation Management Law Enforcement Education

Who is the Chief of Wildlife under TWRA?

Mark Gudlin

Restricted Use Pesticides

May cause unreasonable adverse effects even when used as directed.

Two categories of Federal Land?

Multiple-Use lands Conservation Lands

Multiple-Use Lands

National Forest/Grassland National Resource Lands Managed by U.S. Forest Service and BLM

Conservation Lands

National Park National Wilderness Lands Manageded by USFWS

WMI hosts what conference and how often?

North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Annually

How are CARA's fees paid?

Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas extraction

FIFRA Ammendement 1972

Passage of Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act

AG Policy called for what?

Program for wildlife restoration Recognition for wildlife management as a profession

Amendement ot AWA in 1976?

Prohibited animal fighting ventures, regulated commercial transport of regulated animals

Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

Required by NEPA for the preparation of projects or actions affecting the quality of the human environment.

FIFRA in its current form

Requires EPA to regulate the use and sale of pesticides, all new pest. must be registered by EPA. registration is specific

According to Leopold's essay regarding wilderness, which of the following societal forces was responsible for "decimation of wilderness areas" in his day?

Road construction to encourage tourism

Pesticide registration must be supported by what?

Scientific research data: chemistry, environmental fate, residue, hazards to humans, hazards to domestic and non-target organisms.

Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Program's guiding principle?

Society benefits from conservation-based management of fish and wildlife and their habitats for their use and enjoyment.

AWA as of today?

Standards for humane handling, care , treatment, and transportation, of regulated animals used for research or exhibition purposes, sold as pets, or transported in commerce.

In TN our state parks are managed by who?

TDEC

Department of Agriculture falls under?

Tennessee Forestry Commission

States are eligible for funds if.....

They use license revenues to fund state wildlife agency programs Government has approved state's uses of the funds They pay full amount of project with license fees, then are reimbursed for 75%

Silent Spring resulted in what?

U.S. government ordered review of pesticide policy and DDT was banned

What was the name of Rachel Carson's first widely acclaimed novel based on scientific information?

Under the Sea-Wind

Name of all publications from Rachel Carson?

Under the Sea-Wind The Sea Around Us The Edge of the Sea Silent Spring

What mammals are included under the management of DOC?

Whale, Dolphins, Seals, and Sea Lions Excludes Walrus.

American Game Institute (est. 1911) is now called?

Wildlife Management Institute

Teaming with Wildlife

Works to secure funding for wildlife conservation Lobbied for CARA Advocates for SWG and SWAP's programs

Section 404 of the Clean Water Act requires what?

a permit from the US Army Corps of Engineers before a wetland can be dredged or filled

State and Tribal Wildlife Grants Program (SWG) was issued to prevent

a species from becoming endangered

Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies

advocates for "states' rights", works to protect authority of state wildlife agencies in fish and wildlife conservation

Fish and Wildlife Diversity Initiative (Non-game)

also failed but was later renamed Teaming with Wildlfie

Leopold's definition of Wildlife Management: "the ______ of making land produced _______________ annual crops of _________ ___________ for ____________________ use."

art sustained wild game recreational

Management units are considered what under MMPA?

both species and stocks

Environmental Protection Agency 1970

composite independent agency made up of smaller branches of government dealing with pollution and other environmental issues.

USDA (Wildlife Services) is a federal agency responsible for managing what?

damage caused by wildlife

To be eligible for SWG funding a state must do what?

develop a State Wildlife Action Plan outlining prevention for species endangerment by 2005

Tuna - Dolphin Connection

ecological connection between tuna and dolphin, tuna is on the bottom and dolphins are on the surface, where one goes the other follows, not fully understood why?

Marine Mammal Protection Act 1972

establishes federal responsibility to conserve marine mammals

Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937 (Pittman-Robertson Act)

levied a 10% excise tax on sporting arms and ammunition, funds used for state-level wildlife conservation efforts

TWRA receives funding from what?

license sales fines Federal Aid (P-R) funds SWG $ ***NO general tax revenue

Management Principle of MMPA?

maintain optimal sustained population, taking into account the carrying capacity of the environment

Primary objective of MMPA?

maintain the health and stability of the marine ecosystem

Goal of Section 404's goal is:

no overall net loss of wetlands

Today the mission of EPA is simple:

to protect human health and environment

What does LWCFA use their funds for?

used to acquire lands for conservation and public access to natural areas, both federal and state projects.

Viewpoints in the field of wildlife damage management have changed how?

wide range of public interests and viewpoints involved in wildlife