Wilkins CH 62

The plasma portion of blood is composed of: A) 90% water and 10% plasma proteins B) 50% water and 50% plasma proteins C) 99% water and 1% plasma proteins D) 10% water and 90% plasma proteins

A) 90% water and 10% plasma proteins

Leukocytosis is: A) An increase in the total number of leukocytes B) An increase in the total number of monocytes C) A decrease in the total number of leukocytes D) An decrease in the total monocytes

A) An increase in the total number of leukocytes

____________ is inflammation of the tongue. A) Glossitis B) Glossodynia C) Lingualitis D) Lingaledema

A) Glossitis

___________ is diminished availability of oxygen to body tissues. A) Hypoxia B) Oxygen deprivation C) Oxygen reduction D) Oxytosis

A) Hypoxia

(1) Normal hemoglobin values range from 12 to 17.2 g per mL depending on gender. (2) High values reflect anemia and low values may indicate disease. A) The first statement is true; the second statement is false. B) The first statement is false; the second statement is true. C) Both statements are true. D) Both statements are false.

A) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Hematocrit is best defined as: A) The volume percentage of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in whole blood B) The total count of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in whole blood C) The volume percentage of leukocytes (white blood cells) in whole blood D) The volume percentage of all blood cells in whole blood

A) The volume percentage of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in whole blood

Megaloblastic anemia is characterized by A) abnormally large red blood cells, many of which are oval shaped. B) abnormally small red blood cells, many of which are oval shaped. C) abnormally large white blood cells, many of which are oval shaped. D) abnormally small white blood cells, many of which are oval shaped.

A) abnormally large red blood cells, many of which are oval shaped.

A petechia is defined as: A) minute, pinpoint, round, non-raised, purplish-red spot in the skin or mucous membrane B) A small, elevated, purplish-red spot in the skin or mucous membrane C) A large, hemorrhagic, elevated, blue or purplish spot in the skin or mucous membrane D) A large, hemorrhagic, non-elevated, blue or purplish spot in the skin or mucous membrane

A) minute, pinpoint, round, non-raised, purplish-red spot in the skin or mucous membrane

Principal types of megaloblastic anemia are: A) pernicious anemia or folate deficiency anemia B) hematocrit or folate C) iron deficiency or folate anemia D) hemoglobin or hematocrit

A) pernicious anemia or folate deficiency anemia

A hemorrhage into the tissues, under the skin, and through the mucous membranes producing petechiae and ecchymosis, is called _____________. A) purpura B) blister C) scab D) rash

A) purpura

At least how many hereditary coagulation disorders exist? A) 40 B) 30 C) 50 D) 60

B) 30

A purpura is defined as: A) change in the skin that affects color, texture or appearance B) A hemorrhage into the tissues, under the skin, and through the mucous membranes C) A hemorrhage between the joints or in a joint cavity D) A hemorrhage as a result of blunt trauma

B) A hemorrhage into the tissues, under the skin, and through the mucous membranes

_________________________ is the count of white blood cells that includes a separate count for each cell; it is used in the diagnosis of various blood disorders. A) Chelation differential B) Differential cell count C) White cell differential D) Red cell differential

B) Differential cell count

______________ is the volume percentage of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in whole blood. A) Differential cell count B) Hematocrit C) Whole blood count D) Red blood cell count

B) Hematocrit

_________________ is the protein in the erythrocyte that transports molecular oxygen to blood cells. A) Plasma B) Hemoglobin C) Hematocrit D) Erythropoiesis

B) Hemoglobin

________________ is an abnormal reduction in the total number of leukocytes in the blood (count under 500 per mL). A) Differential reduction B) Leukopenia C) White blood cell differential D) Leukoplasia

B) Leukopenia

_______________ is the process by which certain cells (often phagocytes) engulf or digest smaller microorganisms and foreign particles. A) Phagocytes B) Phagocytosis C) Hemolysis D) Anaplasia

B) Phagocytosis

Hemolysis is defined as: A) Rupture of hemoglobin into the plasma B) Rupture of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin into the plasma C) Destruction of blood cells, resulting in liberation of hemoglobin D) Destruction of erythrocytes, resulting in liberation of hemoglobin

B) Rupture of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin into the plasma

Polycythemia is defined as A) an abnormal decrease in the number and concentration of red blood cells. B) an abnormal increase in the number and concentration of red blood cells. C) an abnormal decrease in the number and concentration of white blood cells. D) an abnormal increase in the number and concentration of white blood cells.

B) an abnormal increase in the number and concentration of red blood cells.

The formed elements of blood consist of: A) 99% erythrocytes and 1% leukocytes B) 50% erythrocytes and 50% leukocytes C) 44% erythrocytes and 1% leukocytes D) 44% erythrocytes and 56% leukocytes

C) 44% erythrocytes and 1% leukocytes

Blood is composed of ____________________. A) 35% plasma fluid and 65% formed elements B) 30% plasma fluid and 70% formed elements C) 55% plasma fluid and 45% formed elements D) 95% plasma fluid and 5% formed elements

C) 55% plasma fluid and 45% formed elements

Hemoglobin is defined as: A) nucleus in the erythrocyte that transports molecular oxygen to blood cells B) Plasma in the erythrocyte that transports molecular oxygen to blood cells C) A protein in the erythrocyte that transports molecular oxygen to blood cells D) A lack of ability in the erythrocyte to transport molecular oxygen to blood cells

C) A protein in the erythrocyte that transports molecular oxygen to blood cells

The differential cell count is best defined as: A) differential count of cells B) A summary count of white blood cells C) A record count of white blood cells that includes a separate count for each cell; the differential is used in the diagnosis of various blood disorders D) A count of cells that includes a separate count for each cell and used in the diagnosis of various blood disorders

C) A record count of white blood cells that includes a separate count for each cell; the differential is used in the diagnosis of various blood disorders

Sickle cell disease is the most common genetic disorder of the blood and occurs primarily in which populations? A) European and East Asian B) Asian American and white populations of Mediterranean C) African American and Hispanic, Middle Eastern, or Asian Indian D) European and Asian American

C) African American and Hispanic, Middle Eastern, or Asian Indian

Leukopenia is defined as: A) An increase in total number of leukocytes in the blood: count greater than 500 per mL. B) An abnormal increase in total number of leukocytes in the blood: count greater than 500 per mL. C) An abnormal reduction in total number of leukocytes in the blood: count under 500 per mL. D) An abnormal reduction in total number of erythrocytes in the blood

C) An abnormal reduction in total number of leukocytes in the blood: count under 500 per mL.

Pernicious anemia is a deficiency of vitamin _____ and occurs primarily in people over ______ years of age A) B4; 20 B) folate; 40 C) B12; 60 D) K; 60

C) B12; 60

Megaloblastic anemia can result from a deficiency of either vitamin ______ or ______ or both. A) hemoglobin; B12 B) hematocrit; folate C) B12; folate D) hemoglobin; hematocrit

C) B12; folate

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main processes of blood clotting? A) Constriction of bleeding vessels B) Activity of platelets C) Bone marrow depression D) Activity of blood clotting factors

C) Bone marrow depression

(1) Folate deficiency anemia can occur at any age. (2) A deficiency in folic acid can cause neural tube defects during fetal development. A) The first statement is true; the second statement is false. B) The first statement is false; the second statement is true. C) Both statements are true. D) Both statements are false.

C) Both statements are true.

_____________ is rupture of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin into the plasma. A) Hemolytic B) Hypoxia C) Hemolysis D) Lysis

C) Hemolysis

_______________ is an increase in the total number of leukocytes. A) Leukopenia B) Erythropenia C) Leukocytosis D) Agranulocytosis

C) Leukocytosis

_______________ is a diminished number of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes or PMNs). A) Leukopenia B) Leukocytosis C) Neutropenia D) Neutrocytosis

C) Neutropenia

Which of the following is true of white blood cells? A) They are called erythrocytes and divided into two general groups. B) They are called corpuscles and divided into two general groups. C) They are called leukocytes and divided into two general groups. D) They are called leukocytes and divided into three general groups.

C) They are called leukocytes and divided into two general groups.

Neutropenia is defined as: A) type of white blood cell B) A type of red blood cell C) An increased number of neutrophils(polymorphonuclear leukocytes or PMNs) D) A diminished number of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes or PMNs)

D) A diminished number of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes or PMNs)

Hemarthrosis is defined as: A) Inflammation of the joints B) Edema in the joint cavity C) Plasma in the joint cavity D) Blood in the joint cavity

D) Blood in the joint cavity

Hypoxia is defined as: A) Hydrogen in the blood stream B) Hydrogen and oxygen content in the blood C) Increased availability of oxygen to body tissues D) Diminished availability of oxygen to body tissues

D) Diminished availability of oxygen to body tissues

Glossitis is defined as: A) Edema of the sublingual gland B) Inflammation of Whartons duct C) A smooth, shiny tongue D) Inflammation of the tongue

D) Inflammation of the tongue

Intrinsic factor is: A) factor essential to cell development within the blood plasma B) factor essential to removing excess iron within the blood plasma C) factor essential to protein development within the blood plasma D) factor produced by the parietal cells in the stomach and aids in vitamin B12 absorption

D) factor produced by the parietal cells in the stomach and aids in vitamin B12 absorption

Sickle cell disease is a __________ form of hemolytic anemia, resulting from a defective hemoglobin molecule. The name is derived from the crescent or "sickle" shape assumed by the ___________ when they become deoxygenated. A) hereditary; leukocytes B) hereditary; platelets C) developmental; erythrocytes D) hereditary; erythrocytes

D) hereditary; erythrocytes

____________ is blood in the joint cavity. A) Hematocrit B) Hematopoiesis C) Hemarthrosis D) Arthritis

Hemarthrosis