World Geography: Chapters 28 and 29

Gobi

What desert is in Noth Central China and Southern Mongolia and has parts that only get up to 3 inches of rain each year?

Himalayas

What is the tallest mountain chain the world, contains MOunt Everest, and separates China from southern Asia?

Bamboo

What is the type of grass with all kinds of uses: food, and construction

Eastern Lowland Plain

Where do most chinese live and it is where agriculture is found? This is also where the Manchurian Plain and the North China Plain are located

Mount Fuji

_____ ________ is Japan's tallest mountain peak.

Monsoon

in Asia, a seasonal wind that brings warm, moist air from the oceans in summer and cold, dry air from land in winter

nuclear

of, relating to, or using the atomic nucleus, atomic energy, the atomic bomb, or atomic power

predominant

present as the strongest or main characteristic

overseas

relating to a foreign country, especially one across the ocean

Monsoons

seasonal winds

strategy

strategy a plan of action to achieve an aim

aquaculture

the cultivation of seafood

consequence

the result of an action

consist

to be composed of

sustain

to continue without interruption

dominate

to exert influence over

affect

to have an effect on

utilize

to make use of

institute

to organize and establish

economic sanctions

trade restrictions

unique

unlike anything else

Gobi

(China and Mongolia) Between them stretches the Tarim Basin, characterized by deserts and salt marshes. A desert, the Taklimakan, covers most of the Tarim Basin. Another massive desert, the ____, is found in north-central China and southern Mongolia. It is the source of frequent dust storms that plague these areas. Rain seldom falls in the ____—less than 3 inches (7.5 cm) a year.

Taklimakan

(China and Mongolia) Between them stretches the Tarim Basin, characterized by deserts and salt marshes. A desert, the _____, covers most of the Tarim Basin. Another massive desert, the Gobi, is found in north-central China and southern Mongolia. It is the source of frequent dust storms that plague these areas. Rain seldom falls in the Gobi—less than 3 inches (7.5 cm) a year.

highlands, grasslands

(China and Mongolia) Temperate, humid forests dominate the south and east, while the north and west are characterized by dry ________ and ________.

forest

(China and Mongolia)Temperate, humid _____ dominate the south and east, while the north and west are characterized by dry highlands and grasslands.

Hokkaido, Okinawa

(Japan) The northern Latitudes of ______ are much colder and experience deep winter snows and howling winds, while far to the south, _________ has a subtropical climate.

Shang

(china) This ______ dynasty arose on the North China Plain. They faced attacks by nomads from Central Asia, rebellions by local nobles, and natural disasters. In China, dynasties were believed to rule under the "mandate of heaven," or the approval of the gods and goddesses. When the people suffered, it was assumed that the dynasty had lost its mandate. The _____dynasty ruled for over 700 years, coming to an end in 1046 B.C.

rice

5. The main crop of Japan is ____.

tsunami

A ________ is a huge wave caused by seismic activity.

Monsoon

A ___________ is a seasonal wind that brings either humidity or rain in the summer and cold in winter.

bamboo

A humid subtropical climate, with hot summers and heavy rains, characterizes the midlatitudes of much of eastern China and the island of Taiwan. Deciduous trees and evergreens with broad leaves both flourish here. The tree-like grass ______ grows in many warmer areas. This fast-growing plant—some species can grow as much as one foot per day—is also hardy and versatile. It is used for everything from medicine, food, and decoration to building material. It also provides the only source of food for two rare mammals: the giant panda and the smaller red panda. Other native plants with important economic value are the mulberry tree, whose leaves are food for silkworms, and the tea bush. Tea, silk, and bamboo have long been important in China and have come to stand as symbols of Chinese culture, as has the panda.

Deciduous, evergreen

A humid subtropical climate, with hot summers and heavy rains, characterizes the midlatitudes of much of eastern China and the island of Taiwan. ______ trees and _______ with broad leaves both flourish here. The tree-like grass bamboo grows in many warmer areas. This fast-growing plant—some species can grow as much as one foot per day—is also hardy and versatile. It is used for everything from medicine, food, and decoration to building material. It also provides the only source of food for two rare mammals: the giant panda and the smaller red panda. Other native plants with important economic value are the mulberry tree, whose leaves are food for silkworms, and the tea bush. Tea, silk, and bamboo have long been important in China and have come to stand as symbols of Chinese culture, as has the panda.

Confucius

China's most famous teacher and philosopher, _____(or Kongfuzi), lived during the Zhou dynasty. He founded a system of thought called Confucianism. It is based on discipline and proper moral conduct, and continues to have an impact in China and other Asian civilizations to the present day.

spheres of influences

By the 1600s, Europeans had set up trade routes to China and other parts of East Asia to gain access to the region's silk and tea trade. China rejected these efforts. In the 1800s, frustration prompted some European countries to force China to open more ports. Later, European governments and Japan divided large areas of China into _____ ____ ______, or areas over which they had exclusive trading right

European

By the 1600s, _____ had set up trade routes to China and other parts of East Asia to gain access to the region's silk and tea trade. China rejected these efforts. In the 1800s, frustration prompted some European countries to force China to open more ports. Later, European governments and Japan divided large areas of China into spheres of influences, or areas over which they had exclusive trading right

Mineral

China has a wealth of ______ resources, including iron ore, tin, tungsten, and gold. The South China Sea and the Taklimakan contain large petroleum deposits. Northeastern China has abundant coal deposits. Other natural resources include natural gas, mercury, aluminum, lead, zinc, and uranium. Mongolia has a number of ______, including coal, gold, and copper, as well as oil and uranium deposits.

Himalaya

China is separate from Southern Asia by the ________ (the world's highest mountains).

Himalaya

China is separated from South Asia by the ____, the world's highest mountains and the location of the world's tallest peak, Mount Everest, at 29,028 feet (8,848 m) on the border of China and Nepal.

rice

China is the world's leading producer of _____. The "_____ bowl" in southern China yields two harvests of rice per year. Agricultural income as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) equaled 10 percent in 2011. In fact, China is the world leader in the gross value of its farm output for _____ wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed, pork, and fish. East Asia, including China, boasts the world's biggest deep-sea fishing industries.

longest

China's Grand Canal is the world's __________ human-made waterway.

Grand Canal

China's ____ _____ is the world's longest human-made waterway. Its construction was begun in the 400s B.C. and has been expanded and rebuilt. Today it carries goods and people from Beijing to Hangzhou, some 1,000 miles (1,609 km).

tropical, subarctic

China's climates are extremely diverse, ranging from ______ in the south to _______ in the north.

5,000

China's culture spans more than_____ years. Archaeological evidence indicates it began in the Wei River valley.

Tibet

China's major rivers originate on the Plateau of ____ and flow eastward, down from the plateau and across the lowland plains to the Pacific Ocean

Mongolia

Far from the ocean, _______ has a continental climate with long, cold winters and short, cool-to-hot summers. Mostly arid to semi-arid, annual rainfall in desert areas is less than 4 inches (10 cm), with 14 inches (35 cm) in the northern forested mountains.

Pamirs

In far western China, a mountain range called the ____ forms a node from which several other ranges radiate.

Huange He

In northern China, the major river system is the ____ _____, or Yellow River. The river gets its name from the sediment load of yellowish-brown topsoil it carries. This fine topsoil is called loess, and it covers large areas in northern China. The loess was created by wind erosion that deposited the fine soil at the end of the last ice age. When the soil is eroded by the ____ _____, the yellow loess is carried into the water. The combination of nutrient-rich loess and water flowing into the North China Plain makes this area ideal for farming wheat and soybeans. Over the years, though, flooding of the _____ _____ has killed hundreds of thousands of people, earning it the nickname "China's sorrow."

archipelago

Japan is a group or chain of islands called an ___________.

Biwa

Japan's largest lake is Lake ______.

Typhoons

Large, violent storms with high winds, known as typhoons, result when warm, humid air over the Pacific Ocean moves onto land. _______ are also called tropical cyclones and are similar to hurricanes. These intense spiral storms with their storm surges can raise coastal waters up to 20 feet (6 m) above normal, creating serious flooding along the coasts. As with hurricanes in the Atlantic and Caribbean, typhoon season peaks between late August and October.

monsoons

Lush rain forest covers much of Hainan, an island off China's southern coast. This tropical wet climate has high temperatures year-round. In summer, the rainy _________, or seasonal winds, blow in. Palms and tropical hardwoods grow alongside tropical fruit trees and broad-leaved evergreens.

dynasties

Many powerful transformations have occurred during China's history. Under leaders ranging from nomadic warriors to long-ruling _____, the country has endured profound political and cultural changes. Historical records were begun when invaders established a _____, or ruling family, around 1766 B.C.

Continental

Mongolia has a __________ climate.

unify

Qin Shihuangdi, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty (221-206 B.C.), was the first to ___ the country. To ward off attacks from peoples from Central Asia, he joined together and added sections to existing defensive walls, thus establishing the Great Wall of China. Traders and missionaries under the Han (206 B.C.-A.D. 220) and Tang (A.D. 618-907) dynasties spread Chinese culture throughout East Asia. The explorer Zheng He (JUHNG HUH) sailed as far as the coast of East Africa under the Ming dynasty in the early 1400s. From the mid-1600s to the early 1900s, the Qing dynasty ruled China.

Great Wall Of China

Qin Shihuangdi, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty (221-206 B.C.), was the first to unify the country. To ward off attacks from peoples from Central Asia, he joined together and added sections to existing defensive walls, thus establishing the _____ _____ ___ _____. Traders and missionaries under the Han (206 B.C.-A.D. 220) and Tang (A.D. 618-907) dynasties spread Chinese culture throughout East Asia. The explorer Zheng He (JUHNG HUH) sailed as far as the coast of East Africa under the Ming dynasty in the early 1400s. From the mid-1600s to the early 1900s, the Qing dynasty ruled China.

Qin

Qin Shihuangdi, the first emperor of the____ dynasty (221-206 B.C.), was the first to unify the country. To ward off attacks from peoples from Central Asia, he joined together and added sections to existing defensive walls, thus establishing the Great Wall of China. Traders and missionaries under the Han (206 B.C.-A.D. 220) and Tang (A.D. 618-907) dynasties spread Chinese culture throughout East Asia. The explorer Zheng He (JUHNG HUH) sailed as far as the coast of East Africa under the Ming dynasty in the early 1400s. From the mid-1600s to the early 1900s, the Qing dynasty ruled China.

Rivers

The 3 main ______ of China are Huang He, Chang Jiang, and Xi. They all 3 can bring massive flooding but they all allow for agriculture.

1911

The Chinese dynasties ended in ____ after a revolution led by Sun Yat-sen.

China

The Huang He, the Chang Jiang, and the Xi are 3 major river systems in _______.

culture

The Zhou (JOH) dynasty then took control of the region, and continued for the next 800 years. Under its rule, trade grew, Chinese ____ spread, and the making of iron tools began. Crossbows, ox-drawn plows, and horseback riding were introduced, as were widespread irrigation and other efforts to control water. This helped to increase crop yields.

Xi

The ____ River and its tributaries form the largest major river system in southern China. This river system is also known as the Pearl River. The ports of Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Macau benefit from fertile soil deposited there to form a great delta. This area is undergoing some of the most rapid development in China.

Zhou

The _____ dynasty then took control of the region, and continued for the next 800 years. Under its rule, trade grew, Chinese culture spread, and the making of iron tools began. Crossbows, ox-drawn plows, and horseback riding were introduced, as were widespread irrigation and other efforts to control water. This helped to increase crop yields.

North China

The eastern part of China is characterized by vast lowland plains and some hills. It contains most of China's population because the land is conducive to farming and settlement. The Manchurian Plain or Northeast Plain and the ____ _____ Plain are two of the most important of the numerous plains areas.

Manchurian

The eastern part of China is characterized by vast lowland plains and some hills. It contains most of China's population because the land is conducive to farming and settlement. The _____ Plain or Northeast Plain and the North China Plain are two of the most important of the numerous plains areas.

Tibet

The highest plateau in East Asia is the Plateau of ____ (or the Plateau of Xizang), which forms a large part of China's southwest. It has an average elevation of 16,000 feet (4,875 m). North and east of the Plateau of ____ lie other rugged highlands, although with lower elevations.

west, east

The landforms of China can be divided into two parts: the mountains and plateaus of the _______ and the plains and hills of the ______.

Chang Jiang, rice

The longest of central China's rivers is the _____ _____, or Yangtze River, which flows for 3,434 miles (5,525 km) through dramatic gorges as it comes off the Plateau of Tibet and then across the wide plains of eastern China. It empties into the ocean near Shanghai. More than half of China's ____ and other grains are watered by the ______ _____, which is also a major transportation route. The recent construction of the Three Gorges Dam helps control flooding along the lower portions of the river and provides water for irrigation and hydroelectric power.

Gobi

The massive desert, that is called the _______, covers parts of both China and Mongolia.

bamboo

The tree-like grass ________ can be found in the humid subtropical parts of China and is used for medicine, food and as a building material.

Ring of Fire

The volcanic zone that Japan is found in is called the __________ ____ _______.

Deserts

_____ have formed in China's north and west where surrounding mountains create a rain shadow, blocking the moist coastal winds. These _______ stretch across Mongolia into inland northern China. ________—such as the Gobi and the Taklimakan—and the steppe lands experience temperature extremes. Daytime temperatures can fall as much as 55°F (30.5°C) overnight. Temperatures in the Gobi range from 100°F to -30°F (38°C to -34°C), although they average 73°F (23°C) in summer and 0°F (-18°C) in winter. The large steppe climate regions east of the Gobi display a natural vegetation of grasses, with few trees.

Japan

_____ is a world leader in harvesting and importing fish. The country consumes some 7.5 million tons of fish annually, which amounts to nearly 15% of the world's catch, and reaps about $14 billion a year from the fishing industry.

Japans

_______'s longest rivers are the Shinano and the Tone.

Mount Everest

__________ ___________is the tallest mountain in the world.

Typhoons

__________ are a violent weather event similar to our Hurricanes and they occur in East Asia.

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

a chemical substance, found mainly in liquid coolants, that damages the Earth's protective ozone layer

dissident

a citizen who speaks out against government policies

commune

a collective farming community

marchant marine

a country's fleet that engages in trade

clan

a family group

generation

a group of individuals born and living at the same time

Range

a group of mountains

archipelago

a group or chain of islands

tsunami

a huge wave resulting from undersea earthquake or volcanic activity that gets higher and higher as it approaches the coast

atheist

a person who believes there is no god

ideogram

a pictorial character or symbol that represents a specific meaning or idea

samurai

a professional warrior of pre-industrial Japan

Special Economic Zone (SEZ)

a relatively small district in China that is fully open to global commerce

Dynasty

a ruling house or continuing family of rulers

Symbol

a sign or image that stands for an idea

issue

a topic for debate and discussion

Typhoon

a violent tropical storm that forms in the western Pacific Ocean, usually in late summer

aborigine

an area's original inhabitant

impact

an effect on something

supertrawler

an oceangoing factory ship with facilities for processing and freezing fish

approximate

close to, but not exact

acculturation

cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture

widespread

found over a large area

trade surplus

earning more money from export sales than spending for imports

Loess

fine, yellowish-brown topsoil made up of particles of silt and clay, carried by the wind