World History (Ch. 23)

Spanish colonialism in Latin America finally ended in which of the following decades?

1820s

When did slavery end in Brazil?

1888

_______________ was a European-backed emperor of Mexico from 1864-1867.

Maximilian

The ambitious plans of Chile's president José Manuel Balmaceda Fernández fell apart as soon as 1891, due to...

A coup against him, led by conservative landowners, and his subsequent suicide.

The ____________ was the site of the showdown between Mexican forces and Texans intent on independence.

Alamo

_____________ was coined to refer to politically unstable and economically poor Latin American countries.

Banana republics

______________ virtually ended the importation of slaves to Brazil.

British warships

By 1800, the viceroyalty of La Plata, with the rising port of _________, had grown through contraband trade with Great Britain.

Buenos Aires

Some 235,000 _________ "coolies" were brought to Peru, Cuba, and Costa Rica, working in silver mines, sugar and cotton plantations, and later on railroads—and only about 10% of them returned home.

Chinese

Simón Bolívar's "Gran Colombia" encompassed the modern states of _______________.

Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama

Independence and the end of Spanish rule initially benefited which Latin American trading partner the most?

Great Britain

Who launched the movement for independence in New Spain (modern Mexico)?

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

___________ is the right to name bishops.

Patronato

The proclamation of a Brazilian republic resulted in which two political constituencies?

Provincial federalism vs. supporters of a strong central presidency

_____________ ended slavery in Brazil in 1888.

The central government

In the five years after the abolition of slavery, the Brazilian economy _____________.

expanded

Generally speaking, the 19th century Latin American economy revolved around _______.

exports

The Monroe Doctrine stated that...

the United States government would not tolerate European attempts to re-colonize the new republics of the western hemisphere.

Despite many diverging interests, Argentina and Brazil were allies in the Paraguayan War of 1864-1870 ______________________________.

to maintain the traditional policy of keeping Paraguay and Uruguay weak

Under the leadership of _______________, the Mexican Revolution was ended late in 1920.

Álvaro Obregón