World History Unit 7 Test

steam locomotive

Cooper

True

Dickens wrote about deplorable factory conditions in England. True False

Middle Ages

European history--from Rome's fall to the Renaissance

False

Karl Marx endorsed a laissez-faire policy in economics. True False

cotton cloth factory

Lowell

True

The first national road in America was called the Cumberland Road. True False

farmers women and children skilled artisans

The following groups of people became factory workers: farmers women and children skilled artisans owners

True

Unemployment was feared by early laborers. True False

iron plow

Wood

Whitney

cotton gin

Kay

flying shuttle

Clayton Antitrust Act

fought illegal competition methods

improved road building

made road travel safer, more enjoyable, with fewer delays

consolidation

merging of several businesses into one

True

Better communication and cheaper transportation both contributed to wider distribution of goods. True False

steel plow

Deere

steam locomotive

faster and safer than road travel; could carry freight overland

Wright

airplane

Drake

oil well

Field

transatlantic cable

decreased unemployment lower prices quality goods a larger variety of merchandise increased production

Advantages that corporations brought to the United States included: decreased unemployment lower prices reduced competition quality goods a larger variety of merchandise increased production

True

Assembly-line production dropped the cost per unit drastically. True False

set their own hours usually ran their business at home

Before the Industrial Revolution, craftsmen: set their own hours traded their products for food had no competition usually ran their business at home

is coal with certain impurities removed

Coke, an essential improvement in the iron industry: is the same as coal is boiled in sugar and heated in water is coal with certain impurities removed

support a type of socialism believe that the working class would overcome through force seek to set up a future ideal socialist government

Communists: support a type of socialism believe that the working class would overcome through force agree with the free enterprise system seek to set up a future ideal socialist government

True

Early factories were located by rivers so they could operate by water power. True False

revived interest in trade revived interest in business increased desire to be prosperous and productive

Effects the Crusades had in sparking the industrial age included: revived interest in trade revived interest in business increased desire to be prosperous and productive interest in factory development

True

Employers lost money during strikes even though workers were not paid during strikes. True False

True

England was the leading European industrial nation in the 1700s. True False

abuses dealt to the working class poor conditions under which laborers lived and worked employers taking advantage of employees lack of profits given employees

Factors giving rise to the theories of Marx included: abuses dealt to the working class understanding bosses poor conditions under which laborers lived and worked employers taking advantage of employees lack of profits given employees

higher wages better life style variety of entertainment

Factors luring rural families to the city included: higher wages better life style wholesome environment variety of entertainment

collective bargaining

Factory workers had their grievances heard through a process called: checks and balances collective bargaining free enterprise laissez-faire

Olds

Ford's competitor

False

Ford's system of standardized parts allowed the broken or worn parts to be replaced. True False

steamboat

Fulton

False

Fulton and Stephenson developed steam locomotives. True False

True

Immigrants supplied a large amount of the workforce in factories. True False

reaping machine

McCormick

Ford

Model T®

False

Money for the growth of United States' industry was supplied by Southern plantation owners. True False

export import

Nations ____________________ surplus goods in order to ______________________ needed products and materials.

True

New Englanders grew wealthy from shipbuilding and trading. True False

True

Newcomen and Watt made improvements in the steam engine. True False

strict discipline specific work responsibilities

Patterns monasteries established for helping industry included: strict discipline inventive spirit specific work responsibilities

Tom Thumb

Peter Cooper

that it supplied jobs that it improved the economy that it increased productivity

Positive advantages of the machine age were: that it supplied jobs that it improved the economy better working conditions that it increased productivity

Roosevelt

President enforcing early antitrust laws

cramped quarters poor sanitary conditions crime and immorality poor housing

Problems facing tenement dwellers included: cramped quarters poor sanitary conditions crime and immorality poor housing efficient lighting

oil coal electricity water power

Sources of power in America by the early 1900s included: oil coal electricity atomic power water power

that has certain minerals added

Steel is iron: that has certain minerals added that is quickly cooled that is slowly heated

became part owners received a share of the profits lost when the company lost

Stockholders in large businesses: became part owners received a share of the profits decided company policies lost when the company lost

tariffs

Taxes placed on imported goods to raise their prices are called _________________. bonds stocks trusts tariffs

False

The Embargo Act reduced production in the United States. True False

many new inventions

The Industrial Revolution needed: the status quo people in the factories many new inventions

True

The Industrial Revolution raised the world's standard of living. True False

False

The United States' first canal connected Lake Erie with the Ohio River. True False

fertile soil

The basic component a nation does NOT need to become industrialized is: sufficient manpower natural resources capital fertile soil

has great quantities of air forced throughout

The blast furnace: is a furnace with a good supply of coal has great quantities of air forced throughout uses clay as a resource

False

The discovery of iron soon replaced steel as a structural material. True False

self-worth creativity dignity

The factory worker bore the brunt of the factory system through the stifling of his: self-worth creativity assembly-line job dignity

bandits were abundant on land and sea, making trade difficult and unprofitable there were high taxes charged to use roads there were many roads, but in poor condition

Trade was so poor during the Middle Ages because: there were no roads bandits were abundant on land and sea, making trade difficult and unprofitable there were high taxes charged to use roads there were many roads, but they were in poor condition people didn't want to trade

True

Unions organized and represented laborers in demanding increases in factory pay. True False

increased production decreased unemployment growth to industry.

Wars brought: increased production fewer jobs decreased unemployment growth to industry.

War of 1812 Civil War

Wars that matured American industry included War of 1812 Civil War American Revolution Spanish-American War.

cotton gin

Whitney

steam engine

able to power the machines; more versatile use of power

Crusades

attempts to free the Holy Land from the Muslims

free-enterprise system

businesses competing for profit without undue government intervention

Industrial Revolution

change from hand power to machine power

Federal Trade Commission

committee appointed by the president for corporation control

The Erie Canal

direct water route

monopoly

exclusive control of a product

business specialists

experts in business management

thresher and reaper

grain production

steel plow

improved agriculture

Cumberland Road

improved road surface

sewing machine

improved textile industry

steam locomotive

improved transportation

Embargo Act of 1807

increased production of American products

profit motive

investing at a risk for financial gain

stockholders

investors in corporations

Edison

light bulb

canals

made distribution cheaper and easier, eliminated delays between water routes

steam locomotives

made distribution quicker, cheaper, and easier on land.

crushed rock roads

made land travel quicker, safer, more enjoyable

steam ship

not having to rely on wind power provided quicker distribution of goods

Gutenberg

printing press

steamboats

quickened distribution, lowered transportation costs on water

Hargreaves

spinning jenny

the Clermont

steamship

Bell

telephone