World History Worksheets Chapter 1-10

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Which of the following was a factor in peasant uprisings in the late Han dynasty?

concentration of land in the hands of the wealthy

What allowed Romans to construct massive, though stale buildings?

concrete

Although the city of Rome was magnificent and wealthy,...

conditions for the poor were terrible

System of ideas based on the teachings of "Master Kung"

confucianism

The words "The universe is sacred. You cannot improve it. If you try to change it, you will ruin it." reflect the beliefs of which philosophy?

confucianism

Chief executive of the Roman Republic

consul

Second part of the Christian Bible

New Testament

The ability to acquire food on a regular basis meant that humans...

could give up nomadic ways of life and begin to live in settled communities

Unlike other religions of the time, political leaders in Israel...

could not claim they alone knew the will of God, because the Jewish teachings were written down for anyone to read

Before the trade routes were established, Arabs were primarily

Nomads

French territories, including _____ and Maine, were reclaimed from the English by _____.

Normandy; Philip II Augustus

In 53 B.C., the First Triumvirate ended with the death of...

crassus

Settled in Kiev and began trade with Byzatines

Oleg

When humans first settled in farming villages, their _____ became more complex.

cultures

A Sumerian innovation used for recordkeeping

cuneiform

Sumerian writing system

cuneiform

The greatest development made by Sumerians was...

cuneiform

A type of trial

Ordeal

The _____ was a means of determining guilt in Germanic law.

Ordeal

Eastern Slavs converted to _____, and _____ helped them become literate.

Orthodox Christianity; Cyril

Protected the Pope and assumed the title that had belonged to Charlemagne

Otto I

Local Christian communities led by a priest were called...

Parishes

The representative government that emerged in thirteenth-century England was called _____.

Parliament

Head of the Eastern Orthodox Church

Patriarch

Wealthy, powerful landowner

Patrician

Which of these was a result of the growth of trade and cities in the Middle Ages?

People acquiring rights and freedoms form local lords

Harassing to cause suffering

Persecution

Apostle who is considered to be the first pope

Peter

Created the first French parliament

Philip IV

Infectious disease

Plague

The Code of Hammurabi paints a portrait of society in which...

almost anything that can go wrong is addressed by one law or another

The pharaoh who later changed his name to Akhenaten

amenhotep IV

_____ tried to force the Egyptians to worship a single god, Aten.

amenhotep IV

In 1974 farmers digging a well about 35 miles east of Xian discovered...

an army of terra-cotta warriors

The term for a large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, controlling many peoples or territories is...

an empire

Public wells for supplying water to city residents, an advanced drainage system, and a system of garbage disposal in Indus Valley cities are indications of...

an organized government

The followers of Confucius recorded his sayings in the _____.

analects

Pre-Islamic belief in multiple gods

Polytheism

Which Roman official ordered the execution of Jesus?

Pontius Pilate

Successor to Peter

Pope

Which of the following may have contributed to the decline and fall of the Roman Empire?

Population decline due to plague and lack of a workable political system

A Roman official in charge of a province

Procurator

The Hanseatic League was instrumental in...

Protecting trade and promoting the economy in Northern Europe

Holy scriptures of Islam

Quran

The lord-vassal relationship...

Required military service

A divine truth revealed to Muhammad

Revelation

Which of the following is a study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind...

archaeology

The upper class in Shang society whose wealth was land-based and who passed power from one generation to the next

aristocracy

During the Shang dynasty, the class of people that owned the land and waged war were the...

aristocrats

A main characteristic of civilizations is...

art

What was the basis for imperial law in the Eastern Roman Empire?

Roman law, as codified by Justinian

An object made by humans that sheds light on the past

artifact

A skilled worker

artisan

Deposed emperor of the Western Roman Empire

Romulus Augustulus

Famous Indian mathematician and one of the first scientists known to have used algebra

aryabhata

Indo-speaking nomadic peoples with a strong warrior tradition who at first settled in northern India but later controlled all of India

aryans

The group that gave up their nomadic lifestyle for farming in the process of settling in India

aryans

Self-denial as a method to achieve an understanding of ultimate reality

asceticism

The greatest ruler in Indian history

asoka

A person known for using terror as an instrument of warfare

assyrians

Ancient Indians excelled in the science of...

astronomy

What issues did the Byzantine Empire face in the eleventh century?

Schism with Islam and a declining silk industry

Writing room

Scriptorium

Rome's first emperor

augustus

Orthodox Christianity became the chief religion for the...

Serbs

Peasant legally bound to the land who had to provide labor services, pay rents, and be subject to the lord's control

Serfs

The code of law that regulated all aspects of Muslim life

Shari'ah

One of the three chief human-like gods in the Hindu religion

Shiva the Destroyer

Group that accepts only Umayyads as the true rulers of Islam

Sunni

The term _____ means "rule by four"`

Tetrarchy

During the Dark Ages, some Greeks settled...

in ionia, part of asia minor

Significant nomadic peoples who spoke a language derived from a single parent tongue were the...

indo-europeans

The cradle of Indian civilization, which enjoyed a moderate climate in ancient times

indus calley

What was a product of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus's attempted reforms?

instability and the assassination of Tiberius and Gaius

Often dangerous apartments for the poor

insulae

"Way"

dao

Harmony with nature and the universal order are beliefs of...

daoism

System of ideas based on Laozi's teachings

daoism

King who extended the Persian Empire to India

darius

Which leader of the Persian empire expanded it into the largest empire the world had yet seen?

darius

At the end of the Han dynasty in A.D. 221, the population of China had...

decreased by 40 million since A.D. 2

The Assyrians had the first large armies who carried weapons made of...

iron

Led to the invention of steel

iron casting

In Hinduism, the divine law that requires karma and requires all people to do their duty based on their status in society

dharma

The Appenine Mountains

did not prevent expansion of the city

The Eightfold Path includes the idea that we must...

do work that uplifts our being

A reliable source of meat, milk, and wool resulted from the _____ of animals.

domestication

While the Hyksos attacked the Egyptians from horse-drawn chariots, the Egyptian soldiers were limited to...

donkey carts

Religion provided the Egyptians with a sense of security, and Egyptian rulers were viewed as...

earthly forms of the sun god Re

A distinct group organized in tribes that established the religion of Judaism, which later influenced both Christianity and Islam

israelites

According to one story, a young Spartan warrior was told by his mother to return from the war...

either carrying his shield or being carried on it

A large political unit, usually with a single leader, that controls many territories

empire

Elected members of Spartan's oligarchy

ephors

The 'Odyssey', as a type of literature

epic poem

The Iliad and the Odyssey are examples of _____.

epic poems

Hammurabi is remembered for...

establishing a collection of laws for mesopotamian society

One of the subjects that Aristotle wrote about was _____, or the study of moral principles.

ethics

From which group did the Romans borrow their style of dress?

etruscans

Cyrus the Great showed such wisdom and compassion when he conquered Babylon that...

everyone excepted him as ruler

The ancient Greeks strove for a kind of _____ that they called arete.

excellence

The basic economic and social unit in ancient China was the...

family

Most of the people in the Mesoamerican city of Teotihacuacan were...

farmers

The force generated by a person's actions that determines how the person will be reborn is the next life

karma

The Legalists believed that a strong ruler was needed to...

keep order

The warrior class in Indian society

kshatriyas

Different cultures shaped this empire because a section of the Silk Road passed through it

kushan

After the collapse of the Mauryan Empire, the people who spread over northern India as far as the central Ganges Valley into modern-day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central Asia were the...

kushans

When the _____ were driven out of Egypt, they returned to their original lands to the south and built a successful trading empire.

kushites

The Vikings were made part of European civilization by...

The Frankish policy of settling them and converting them to Christianity

By the time the Umayyad dynasty was established, the Arab Empire had...

The Persian Empire

The arc of rich soil between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf

fertile crescent

The duty of members of a family to subordinate their needs and desires to those of the male head of the family

filial piety

Group composed of Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey

first triumvirate

They shared rule of Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey

first triumvirate

What led directly to Arabs populating more of the desert in the first millennium B.C.?

The domestication of the camel

Buddhists believe that it is possible to reach enlightenment by...

following the middle path, known as the eightfold path

What was the most important social institution in Germanic custom?

The family

Hieratic script, a simplified version of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing, was used...

for business transactions, record keeping, and the general needs of daily life

Who was Belisarius?

The general who led Justinian's army and defeated the Ostrogoths in Italy.

Who was Siddhartha Guatama?

founder of buddhism

The Islamic religion was created as a direct result of...

The revelations received by Muhammad.

The revolt led by Hussein during the early Umayyad period led to...

The split of Islam into two separate groups

An important river in India, with a valley that was cultivated for rich farmland after the invention of the iron plow made it possible to clear the dense growth along its banks

ganges

Which emperor made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire?

Theodosius the Great

What happened to the Roman structure of government when the Ostrogoths and the Visigoths took over Roman territories in Italy and Spain?

They kept the Roman structure of government but excluded Romans from holding power.

In Hammurabi's code, punishments generally followed the principle of retaliation, or the idea that one must...

give an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth

Which describes one of Augustus's reforms?

governors were to be chosen by emperors

Men who tried to return land to small farmers

gracchus brothers

Which of the following was an action taken by Emperor Caracalla?

granting citizenship to all free people

What was the result of Alexander the Great's conquests?

greek language, art, architecture, and literature spread throughout southeast asia

Romans adopted many aspects of the _____ style of art.

greeks

Prosperous cities rose along the main trade routes throughout India during this empire

gupta

The golden age of Indian culture occurred under the...

gupta empire

The Qin and Han dynasties both...

had strong central governments

How did monks and nuns help to spread Christianity throughout Europe?

Through missionary activities

Papermaking was invented during this dynasty

han

Added the territory south of the Chang Jiang to the empire

han wudi

Which of following was an expectation of knights under the chivalric code?

To treat prisoners with respect and dignity

Contest where knights could show their fighting skills

Tournaments

Arab expansion in Western Europe was halted when Arab armies were defeated at the Battle of _____.

Tours.

Expanded the Chinese Empire into what is now Vietnam

han wudi

Carthaginian general

hannibal

When General Mu'awiyah made the position of caliph hereditary, he established the _____.

Umayyad

At the heart of feudalism was...

Vassalage, which meant warriors swore loyalty to a lord, who in turn took care of their needs.

Which of these would directly serve both lords and kings?

Vassals

According to the philosophy of Epicurus,...

happiness is the goal of life and can be achieved through the pursuit of pleasure

Religion and political power were closely linked in early Indian civilization, as is indicated by the combination of the royal palace and the holy temple in the citadel, or fortress, at...

harappa

Carefully planned ancient cities of the Indus River valley that flourished for hundreds of years

harrapa and mohenjo-daro

Why, according to legend, did Archimedes run through town shouting "Eureka!"

he had experienced a breakthrough in his studies of specific gravity while he was taking a bath

How did Qin Shihuangdi eliminate rivals and gain an important tax base?

he seized the estates of wealthy landowners and gave the lands to the peasants; he then taxed the peasants

Germanic warriors from Scandinavia

Vikings

Native peoples in Russia and Ukraine were conquered by...

Vikings, then Mongols

Rome was invaded by the _____ in 410 and by the _____ in 455.

Visigoths, Vandals

Imitating the Greeks

hellenistic

The custom of requiring women to cover virtually all parts of their bodies in public...

Was an Arab practice.

Through the achievements of Muslim scholars, Europeans...

Were able to obtain products from Spain

In Germanic law, the fine paid by a wrongdoer to his or her victim's family was called _____.

Wergild

The conquests of Alexander the Great gave rise to the...

hellenistic era, during which the greek ideas spread to the non-greek world

Site of the Hanging Gardens

babylon

Wrote biographies that combined political and social history

ban gu

People captured by the Spartans and forced to work as serfs

helots

Reincarnation is the Hindu...

belief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form

Longest poem in any written language

'mahabharata'

A person's caste was difficult to escape because it was based on...

beliefs about religious purity

A Sumerian innovation used to create finely crafted metalwork

bronze

The Neolithic Revolution was followed by the...

bronze age

The "Enlightened One"

buddha

Religion that claims all people can achieve nirvana

buddhism

Siddhartha Gautama was the founder of...

buddhism

Which of the following was an impact of geography on Mesopotamian culture?

buildings made of mud bricks

Won the Battle of Hastings

William of Normandy

The relationships between parents and children, husbands and wives, siblings, friends, and rulers and their subjects are the _____ Relationships.

5 constant

Administrative organization with officials and regular procedures that helped run the government

bureaucracy

After Muhammad's death, Muslim scholars drew up the shari'ah, which is...

A code that provides believers with practical laws to regulate their daily lives

How were government officials chosen in the Han dynasty?

by a competitive examination

Important Greek colony city on the Bosporus strait

byzantium

In the third century, plague outbreaks led to...

A labor shortage

The most important gift a lord could give to a vassal was...

A piece of land

One of Five Pillars of Islam, the hajj, is...

A pilgrimage to Makkah

In 680, what event led Islam to split into two conflicting groups?

A revolt in Iraq led by the son of Muhammad's son-in-law

For early Arabs, Allah was symbolized by...

A sacred stone

Complex system of writing, meaning "sacred writings," that is made up of pictures and more abstract forms

hieroglyphics

The word 'spartan' has come to mean...

highly self-disciplined

The geographic feature that isolated China from India

himalaya

During the Abbasid dynasty, the council that advised the caliph was led by a prime minister known as...

A vizier

The Umayyad dynasty was replaced by...

Abbasid rulers

The highest mountains in the world, found in the far north of India

himalaya

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the situation in the western half of the Roman Empire in the mid-fifth century?

After a series of invasions by Visigoths and Vandals, it was becoming a collection of smaller Germanic kingdoms

Followers of this religion believe in a single, universal force called Brahman

hinduism

One of four great cities with powerful bishops

Alexandria

The god of Islam

Allah

Religion that reverers the cow as sacred and whose goal is to achieve ultimate reality with a single universe force

hinduism

In 31 B.C., Octavian defeated the army and navy of...

Antony and Cleopatra

The god associated with the most famous oracle in ancient Greece was _____.

Apollo

A crucial part of every Muslim city or town was the _____, which was a covered market.

Bazzaar

Early converts to Islam who lived in the desert

Bedouins

The _____ were a group of Jews who called for the violent overthrow of Roman rule.

Zealots

Monk who established the basic form of monastic life in the west

Benedict

The _____ were a pastoral people in North Africa who were conquered and converted to Islam by the Arabs.

Berbers

Which of the following is another title for the pope?

Bishop of Rome

The middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people

Bourgeoisie

Eastern Slavic people were converted to Christianity by...

Byzatine missionaries

Secular and spiritual leader of an Islamic community

Caliph

Charlemagne created the _____ Empire.

Carolingian

A heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare

Carruca

Why was feudalism developed?

Centralized power was lost in the face of invasion

Code of ethics guiding nobility

Chivalry

Which of the following was a code of ethics knights were to uphold?

Chivalry

How far had Christianity spread one hundred years after the death of Jesus?

Christian churches had been established in most of the major cities of the eastern part of the Roman Empire, mainly attracting members from the Jewish and Greek-speaking populations.

What did the Edict of Milan proclaim?

Christianity would be officially tolerated

Why did the Romans persecute Christians during the reign of Nero?

Christians refused to worship the state gods and emperors

"Anointed One"

Christos

Church leaders

Clergy

A uniform system of law that developed in England

Common law

First Christian emperor

Constantine

Capital of the Eastern Roman Empire

Constantinople

The city of _____ was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and a "New Rome."

Constantinople

In return for protecting the pope, Otto I was...

Crowned Roman Emperor

Converted the Eastern Slavs to Orthodox Christianity

Cyril

First census in Europe since Roman times

Domesday Book

Descendants of the Indus Valley people

Dravidians

Devout Muslims are prohibited from...

Drinking wine

What caused Clovis to convert to Christianity?

During battle, he made a promise that if he won the battle, he would convert.

The Battle of Hastings determined the language and ruling class of _____ in the High Middle Ages.

Engalnd

A social or political class

Estate

In the kingdoms of the Ostrogoths and Visigoths, Romans were _____ power.

Excluded from

Since Muhammad had named no successor before he died, his followers chose Abu Bakr, Muhammed's adviser and _____, to be their religious and political leader.

Father-in-law

Relationship between lords and vassals

Feudalism

Grant of land to a vassal

Fief

The grant of land made to a vassal

Fief

The acts of worship practiced by Muslims

Five Pillars of Islam

Clovis established the kingdom of the _____.

Franks

Arab trade routes extended...

From Morocco to beyond the Caspian Sea

According to Islamic teaching, Muhammad received massages from...

Gabriel

By the fifth century, the western part of the Roman Empire was controlled mainly by...

Germans

The official language of the Eastern Roman Empire was _____ and the official religion was _____.

Greek/Christianity

Pope who extended papal power over the Christian church in the west

Gregory I

As the Arab Empire grew, people who were not Muslim or did not convert to Islam in the conquered territories...

Had to pay special taxes

What is most unusual about the pharaoh Hatsheput?

Hatsheput was a women

What change did Diocletian make to the governmental structure of the Roman Empire?

He divided the empire into four units, called prefectures

Which of the following statements best describes how Clovis laid the groundwork for the Carolingian Empire?

He established the Frankish kingdom and converted to Christianity

How did Gregory the Great strengthen the papacy?

He took control of Rome and surrounding territories, which gave the papacy a source of political power

Muhammad began to meditate in the hills because...

He was troubled by the gap between the generosity of most people and the greed of the wealthy elite

What did Charlemagne do that merged Roman, Christian, and German elements in his kingdom?

He, a German king, was crowned emperor of the Romans by the pope.

The journey of Muhammad and his followers to Medina

Hihrah

Journey of Muhammad and his followers to Madinah

Hijrah

Who were the first hominids to learn to make fires deliberately?

homo sapiens

Heavily armed foot soldiers

hoplites

The poet who wrote the Iliad was named _____.

Homer

Having been conquered by the Hyksos was not all bad for the Egyptians because the Hyksos taught the Egyptians...

how to make bronze weapons and showed them the advantages of horse-drawn was chariots

Daoism sets forth proper forms of _____.

human behavior

Anthropology is the study of...

human life and culture

Duty and _____ are two elements of the Confucian view of the Dao.

humanity

Scientist who wrote a medical encyclopedia stressing the contagious nature of disease

Ibn Sina

Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver, and Shiva the Destroyer are the three chief...

humanlike gods in hinduism

A common belief shared by Hindus and Buddhists is that...

humans can merge with a single universal force

The prophet Zoroaster taught that...

humans had free choice

The pharaoh Ahmose I was able to drive the _____ out of Egypt around 1550 B.C. and establish the New Kingdom.

hyksos

Characters in Chinese in which picture or character symbols are combined to represent ideas--for example, showing the sun rising behind the trees to represent "east"

ideographs

Commander in chief

imperator

Diocletian tried to set wage and price controls for the empire in order to fight _____.

Inflation

In order to encourage trade between Flanders and Italy, the counts of Champagne...

Initiated a series of trade fairs in the chief towns of the territory

Which of the following names two problems facing western Europe after the death of Charlemagne?

Invasions from northern peoples and internal division

Which of the following statements about 'The Body of Civil Law' is true?

It was a codification of Roman law, written in Latin

Constantine established a "New Rome" at the site of the Greek city of Byzantium because...

It was a strategic location for protecting the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire

"Struggle in the way of god"

Jihad

Dictator who rose to power in 47 B.C.

Julius Caesar

Who was appointed dictator after defeating Pompey?

Julius Caesar

Settled by Oleg the Viking in the tenth century

Kievan Rus

India's golden age of culture flourished under this monarch

candra gupta II

A city that appeared around 2500 B.C. in the Supe River valley of Peru, in which stone buildings were used for official business, as apartment buildings, and as grand residences, was...

caral

The oldest major city in the Americas which appeared around 2500 B.C.

caral

Armed cavalry

Knights

Determined the type of job people could have, whom they could marry, and what groups they could socialize with

caste system

Portuguese name was given to a rigid social structure in Indian society that said every individual is born into a social group defined by occupation and family lineage

caste system

Regular church members

Laity

A Neolithic farming village

catalhuyuk

Checked on government officials to make sure they were doing their jobs

censorate

Site of an early battle between the Greeks and the Macedonians

chaeronea

The change that led to all other changes in the Neolithic Revolution was the...

change in the method of obtaining food

Nun who founded the first convent in Germany

Leoba

Which of these may have enabled people to move back into cities?

Less dependence on agriculture for survival

Harrappan rulers based their power on...

a belief in divine assistance

A distinct feature of the Kushan Empire was the development of...

a calendar

Which of the following is the most complete definition of a civilization?

a complex culture in which a large number of humans share elements in common

The Minoans established...

a far-ranging sea-empire based on trade

What was the effect of the technical advancements in the Han dynasty?

a general increase in economic prosperity

According to legend, how did the people in Athens find out what had happened at the battle of Marathon?

a man named Pheidipiddes ran all the way from the battlefield to Athens

A South American civilization that built an impressive solar observatory made up of thirteen stone towers on a hillside north of Lima, Peru

chavin

Sulla's seizure of Rome in 82 B.C. was partly the legacy of...

a new military recruitment system

Egyptian society, with the god-king at the top, was organized like...

a pyramid

Prosperity in the Early Empire led to much trade, including trade with _____, which provided the empire with silk goods.

china

Caesar Augustus changed the way the provinces were ruled by...

choosing the leaders of those provinces

Administrative offices of a government which are awarded based on a competitive exam

civil service

After losing the battle of Thermopylae to the Persians, the Athenians...

abandoned their city

What advantage did Rome's location on the Tiber River provide?

access to the sea

Fortified are on a hilltop

acropolis

The _____ dynasty ruled the Byzantine Empire in the tenth and eleventh centuries.

Macedonian

Early caliphs ruled their empire from the city of _____.

Madinah

Gave written recognition to the mutual rights and obligations between kings and vassals

Magna Carta

Great Charter that codified rights of kings and vassals

Magna Carta

Hungarians

Magyars

Agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked

Manor

A period of civil war followed the death of _____, the last of the five good emperors, in A.D. 180.

Marcus Aurelius

Two major groups that settled within Greece itself were the...

aeolians and dorians

Where do scientists believe that Homo Sapiens Sapiens first appeared between 150,000 and 200,000 years ago?

africa

Height of Athenian power and brilliance

age of pericles

The distinctive tower of a mosque

Minaret

Messengers of the lord king

Missi dominici

People sent out to carry a religious message in hopes of converting them are called...

Missionaries

Conquered Russia in the thirteenth century

Mongols

Which of the following statements about monasticism is true?

Monks provided schools for the young and hospitals for the sick

The reforms of Cleisthenes...

laid the foundations of democracy

'Pax Romana', a long period of peace, ushered in...

large-scale building programs

Proposed that human beings were evil by nature

legalism

The first Han emperor discarded...

legalism and adopted confucianism

The founder of the Han dynasty was...

liu pang, a man of peasant origin

According to Plato, a good life can only be achieved if a person...

lives in a just and rational state

The Phoenicians produced a number of goods for foreign markets, including purple dye, glass, and...

lumber

Home of Alexander the Great

macedonia

Which four kingdoms emerged following Alexander the Great's death?

macedonia, syria, pergamum, and egypt

The key to China's social system

male supremacy

Roman general who created a new recruitment system

marius

A writer of comedies during the Hellenistic era

menander

A city in Kush

meroe

The inhabitants of what are now Mexico and Central America were...

mesoamericans

Eight steps that Buddhists follow on the path to enlightment

middle path

A civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean that built structures similar to the labyrinth of King Minos was the...

minoan civilization

A rich civilization that built an enormous palace at Knossos on the island of...

minoans

A king or queen

monarch

The center of the Zapotec civilization

mone alban

In the northern frontier regions of ancient China, conflicts arose between the Chinese and the...

mongolians

About 80 percent of the geography of Greece is _____.

mountains

On their northern and western frontiers, the Chinese people were isolated from people in other parts of Asia by...

mountains and deserts

Greek history was influenced by Greece's...

mountains and seacoast

Way is which dead bodies of wealthy Egyptians were preserved from the time of the Old Kingdom

mummification

The first Greek civilization

mycenae

The empire that Sargon established was continued by his grandson _____ but fell less that 100 years after his grandson's death.

naram-sin

The Chaldean king who restored Babylon to glory

nebuchadnezzar II

The king of the Chaldeans who rebuilt Babylon was...

nebuchadnezzar II

The ancient Greeks considered religion...

necessary to the well-being of the state

The use of metal tools marked the end of the Neolithic Age and a...

new level of human control over the environment and its recources

The longest river in the world, the annual flooding of which left a rich deposit of mud that enriched the soil and allowed Egyptian farmers to grow a surplus of food

nile

Site of one of the world's first libraries

nineveh

Ultimate reality, or the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul

nirvana

The best way to describe Paleolithic peoples and their way of life is by calling them...

nomads

The name of Kush while it was still a part of the Egyptian Empire

nubia

Teotihuacan was a busy trade center known for objects made of...

obsidian

After the Second Triumvirate, with whom did Antony war for control of Rome?

octavian

The period during which the Great Pyramid of King Khufu at Giza was constructed, showing the power of the Egyptian pharaohs

old kingdom

Egyptian history is divided into 3 major periods, known as the...

old, middle, and new kingdoms

Site of the discovery of a 1.8-million-year-old hominid

olduvai gorge

A Mesoamerican civilization that pre-dated the Maya

olmec

Another name for the "rubber people" who grew rubber trees along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico south of Veracruz was the...

olmec

The Maya adapted a ceremonial ball game played on a stone court, worship of a jaguar-like god, a calendar, and a numeric system from the...

olmec

The oldest known Mesoamerican civilization, which appeared around 1200 B.C.

olmec

The major gods and goddesses of the Greeks were believed to live on _____.

olympus

Sacred shrine where priests reveled the future

oracle

Athenian vote of banishment

ostracism

At its height, Alexander's empire extended as far east as...

pakistan

Was not made in Europe until the twelfth century

paper

Famous temple of Athena

parthenon

The most famous building on the Acropolis in Athens is the _____.

parthenon

Which of the following territories were added to the empire during the Han dynasty?

parts of central asia

Migration groups who domesticated animals for food, shelter, and clothing and who also helped spread language, goods, and technology

pastoral nomads

Dominant male head of family

paterfamilias

The heart of Roman society was the family, which was headed by the _____.

paterfamilias

Great landowners, ruling class

patrician

The Roman Senate was a select group of...

patricians

Beginning in the second century and lasting for nearly 200 years, the _____ represented a period of stability and many public works projects.

pax romana

One way that Buddhism differed from Hinduism was Buddhists believed that...

people should be responsible for their own lives

Why did the Athenians stay within their walled city during the Peloponnesian Wars?

pericles know they were not strong enough to defeat the spartan army, but he thought the walls could keep them out

The 'Pax Romana' was a...

period of peace and prosperity

The empire ruled by Cyrus the Great

persia

Around 900 B.C., the Chavin people built a temple surrounded by two pyramids and stone figures depicting different gods in the coastal regions of what is now...

peru and ecuador

Title of Egyptian monarch who possessed absolute power

pharaoh

King who conquered the Greeks

philip II

During the eighth century B.C., the Greeks adopted a new system of writing based on the _____.

phoenician

Traders who lived in a narrow strip of land along the eastern Mediterranean coast and devised an alphabet with 22 different characters representing sounds

phoenicians

Characters or picture symbols in the Chinese language that represent an object, like a mountain of the Sun

pictographs

Socrates' most famous student was named _____.

plato

Group of craftsman, merchants, and small farmers

plebian

Greek city, town, or village and surroundings

polis

Official in charge of enforcing civil law

praetor

Period before writing was developed

prehistory

Religious teachers whose words became a source of ideals for social justice as they condemned the rich for causing the poor to suffer

prophets

Part of a large complex of buildings dedicated to the dead

pyramids

Used the principles of Legalism to govern

qin

Built "The Wall of Ten Thousand Li"

qin shihuangdi

Herodotus wrote what is considered to be the first...

real history in western civilization

The Athenian dramatist Euripides wrote...

realistic tragedies that portrayed was as barbaric

Marius changed Rome's military recruitment system by...

recruiting the landless poor

Belief that the soul is reborn after death

reincarnation

Gupta rulers earned large profits from...

religious trade

While the emperors created a sense of unity throughout the empire, they also...

respected many local customs

The first civilizations developed in _____.

river valleys

Which best describes a key feature of Rome's official state religion?

romans worshipped gods and goddesses

After the Egyptian Empire fell, it became a part of the empire of _____.

rome

Persian route from Lydia to Susa

royal road

Julius Caesar sparked a civil war that led to his dictatorship by crossing the...

rubicon

Helped enable Chinese trade in Southeast Asia and India

rudder

The government of Sparta was an oligarchy, which means that it was...

ruled by a small number of people

The tyrants of ancient Greece were...

rulers who seized power by force

Indo-European written language that developed in the Indus Valley around 1000 B.C.

sanskirt

Around 2340 B.C., the Sumerian city-states were conquered by the Akkadians under their leader...

sargon

The leader who established the world's first empire

sargon

The ruler of a province in the Persian empire

satrap

The "ten lost tribes" were

scattered israelite tribes

Invaders who attacked the Egyptian Empire during its final days of power

sea peoples

During his reign, Asoka...

set up hospitals for people and animals

The second Chinese dynasty, which was mostly a farming society but was also concerned with warfare

shang

The Chinese had developed a simple script with a form that was mainly pictographic and ideographic by the time of the...

shang dynasty

Cyrus was called "the Great" because he...

showed wisdom and compassion

Who believed that the physical surroundings of humans--the material world--were simply illusions?

siddhartha guatama

Rich soil deposited by rivers during a flood

silt

Who said that "the unexamined life is not worth living"?

socrates

Athenian reformer who came to power in 594 B.C.

solon

Which Greek playwright wrote 'Oedipus Rex'?

sophocles

The conflict between the plebeians and the patricians was known as the...

struggle of the orders

Type of religious structure originally meant to house relics of the Buddha

stupa

Abu Bakr unified the Muslim world by...

suppressing political and religious uprisings.

The Neolithic Revolution was the shift from hunting and gathering to _____ in various parts of the world.

systematic agriculture

The most important physical structure in a Sumerian city-state was the...

temple

First major city in Mesoamerica, located about 30 miles northeast of present-day Mexico City

teotihuacan

In 636, the Arab army took advantage of a dust storm army ot defeat...

the Byzatine army

The first empire in world history was...

the akkadian empire

Rich soil to grow wheat, parley, and peas in the Indus Valley resulted from...

the annual flooding of the Indus River

The priestly class of Ancient Indian society were...

the brahmins

An important concept that became a crucial part of Chinese history was...

the confucian belief that the government should be open to all men of superior talent

The invention that led to major expansion of trade in the Han period was...

the development of fore-and-aft rigging and rudders on ships

According to Confucius, what was the "foundation, whence all other virtues spring"?

the duty of children to revere their parents

The astronomer Eratosthenes determined that...

the earth was round, and calculated its circumference, coming within 185 miles (298 kilometers) of the actual figure

Confucius believed that people should be governed by...

the five constant relationships

Siddhartha Gautama's message about suffering and desire

the four noble truths

The system of walls linked by Qin Shihuangdi became...

the great wall of china

The Kushans adapted...

the greek alphabet

Which empire traded with China, Southeast Asia, and the Mediterranean?

the gupta empire

Age that began with Alexander the Great's conquest

the hellenistic era

One of the technological advances of the Han dynasty was...

the invention of water mills for grinding grain

A basic principle of Chinese government, which allows a revolution to overthrow and replace a corrupt ruler, is called...

the mandate of heaven

Another way that Buddhism differed from Hinduism was that Buddhists rejected...

the many hindu gods

Which statement is most accurate?

the melting of snows in the upland mountains was the main factors that led to civilization in Mesopotamia

Why did so many different communities with independent ways of life develop in ancient Greece?

the mountains in the territory isolated people from one another and prevented different communities from coming together

The Egyptians developed an accurate 365-day calendar by basing their year on...

the movements of the moon and the star Sirius

The development of Egyptian civilization was influenced most powerfully by...

the nile river

During the New Kingdom, the Egyptian Empire reached its peak. What was one way it showed its power?

the pharaohs constructed huge, magnificent temples and statues in their own honor

A literary work about the fictional ruler Rama

the ramayana

Scholars continue to debate whether Homer's account of _____ is based on historical fact.

the sacking of troy by mycenaeans under the leadership of king agamemnon

Although the pharaoh Ramses II tried to maintain the Egyptian Empire's strength, he failed because he was unable to hold out against...

the sea peoples

Which of the following did the Sumerians invent?

the sundial

One example of the Assyrians' efficiency and effectiveness as administrators was...

the system of carrying messages quickly, which involved a network of staging posts and relays of horses

Because trade brought new civilizations into contact with one another...

the transfer of new technology often occurred

The lowest level of Ancient Indian society who were given tasks seen as menial and degrading, such as such as collecting trash and handling dead bodies, were the...

the untouchables

The teachings of Homer promoted...

the values of courage, honor, and excellence

A government by divine authority

theocracy

How was the central bureaucracy of the Qin dynasty organized?

there were 3 divisions: civil, military, and censorate

Why did the Egyptians resist Akhenaten's religious reforms?

they accepted many gods, and did not like the idea of rejecting or destroying them to worship only one god

Which of the following statements about Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism is true?

they are primarily concerned with the material world and social stability

Why did the Legalists advocate harsh laws and stiff punishments for keeping public order?

they believed people we not capable of being good

Why did the Legalists advocate harsh laws and stiff punishments?

they believed people we not capable of being good.

Why did large numbers of Greeks establish colonies in distant lands between 750 B.C. and 550 B.C.?

they were seeking a home that was less overpopulated and where they would find fertile farmland

Who attempted to redistribute land to the poor with disastrous results?

tiberius and gaius gracchus

_____ brought new civilizations in contact with one another.

trade

The boy pharaoh who restored worship of the old gods in the New Kingdom was named_____.

tutankhamea/king tut

Large city-state in Mesopotamia

uruk

The Hitties were the first Indo-Europeans to...

use iron weapons

The Greek sculptor Polyclitus believed that...

using proportions and mathematical ratios, the idea human form could be produced

The Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras were four divisions of ancient Indian society know as...

varnas

The name given by Aryans in ancient India to a social structure that divided Indian society into four groups

varnas

Early Indian writings that reveal that India was a world of many small kingdoms between 1500 B.C. and 400 B.C. are called the...

vedas

Author of the Aeneid

virgil

The greatest poet of the Augustus age was _____, author of the Aeneid.

virgil

In Athens, during the Age of Pericles, every male citizen...

was eligible to vote on major issues

Which of the following contributed to the efficient system of communication that was crucial to sustaining the Persian Empire?

well-maintained roads and way stations to provide food, shelter, and fresh horses for traveling officials

Darius's elite cavalry and infantry forces were known as the Immortals because...

whenever a soldier was killed, he was immediately replaced

A method of training developed by the Hindus that is supproted to lead to oneness with Brahman

yoga

A Mesoamerican civilization whose center at Monte Alban contained temples and pyramids atop a 1,200-foot-high mountain

zapotec

In which ancient Mesoamerican civilization did about 20,000 people live in terraces cut into the sides of a mountain?

zapotec

Founder of Stoicism

zeno

The longest--lasting Chinese dynasty, which ruled for almost 800 years and claimed it possessed the Mandate of Heaven to rule

zhou

Confucius believed that the early _____ was a golden age, when "the world was shared by all alike."

zhou dynasty

It was believed that the king was the link between Heaven and Earth during the...

zhou dynasty

A massive stepped tower

ziggurat

A religious and political power center of the city-state

ziggurat

Persian religion

zoroastrianism


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