WWII Test Review
About how many Americans moved during the war?
30 million
What is important about Anschluss?
Austrian Anschluss, March 1938. Hitler wanted all German-speaking nations in Europe to be a part of Germany. To this end, he had designs on re-uniting Germany with his native homeland, Austria. Under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, however, Germany and Austria were forbidden to be unified.
Who were the axis powers of WWII?
Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria
What is the Battle of Midway?
The Battle of Midway was a crucial and decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theatre of World War II. Between 4 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy under Admirals Chester Nimitz, Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attacking fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondo on Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet that proved irreparable. Military historian John Keegan called it "the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare." It was Japan's first naval defeat since the Battle of Shimonoseki Straits in 1863.
December 7, 1941, is known as a "date that will live in infamy," referring to what?
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
How long did the Holocaust last?
7 years
Approximately how many people died after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima?
70,000 person
What is the Munich Conference/Agreement?
A settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation "Sudetenland" was coined.
What was the "final solution"?
Adolf Hitler's plan to mass exterminate "undesirable" peoples
What is important about the invasion of Poland?
Also known as the September Campaign, or the 1939 Defensive War in Poland, and alternatively the Poland Campaign in Germany, was a joint invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II in Europe. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, while the Soviet invasion commenced on 17 September following the Molotov-Tōgō agreement which terminated the Russian and Japanese hostilities in the east on 16 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland.
Men like Henry Ford, Charles Lindbergh, and Father Coughlin were members of what?
America First committee, an isolationist
What was the double V campaign?
An attempt to gain victory in Germany and an end to segregation in America
What was the policy followed by Britain and France toward Germany of giving concessions in hopes of avoiding war called?
Appeasment
The Lend-Lease Act did what?
Authorized military aid to those fighting Germany and Japan
Executive Order 9066
Authorized the internment of Japanese-Americans
Who is considered the founder of fascism?
Benito Mussolini
Government propaganda and war films portrayed the Japanese as what?
Bestial and subhuman
What did the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki cause?
Brought the war to an end but remains controversial
What is the date of the attack on Pearl Harbor?
December 7, 1941
What did the Atlantic Charter do?
Endorsed the freedoms from want and fear
What was the Europe strategy?
Europe first, also known as Germany first, was the key element of the grand strategy agreed upon by the United States and the United Kingdom during World War II. According to this policy, the United States and the United Kingdom would use the preponderance of their resources to subdue Nazi Germany in Europe first.
The "zoom suit" riots of 1943 did what?
Highlighted the limits of racial tolerance during WWII
When was the major second European front opened?
June 1944
What is the date of "D-Day"?
June 6, 1944
Who was the Good Neighbor Policy directed at?
Latin America
The GI Bill of Rights provided veterans what?
Low-cost mortgage loans, job training, unemployment pay, and scholarships for college education
"Rosie the Riveter"
Refers to Norman Rockwell's image of "woman power" during the war
Many Americans were convinced by ____ that a policy of isolationism was necessary.
Senator Gerald Nye's report
After a bitter civil war, Fransisco Franco established in 1939 a fascist government where?
Spain
During the war in Europe, Germany's advance into the Soviet Union was reversed where?
Stalingrad
As fascism rose in Europe and Asia during the 1930s, most Americans did what?
Supported the U.S. neutrality
At Yalta the Big Three met for summit. What was finally agreed here?
That the Soviet Union would enter the Pacific war
"D-Day" refers to what?
The allied invasion of Europe at Normandy
The Holocaust was what?
The mass extermination of millions of Jews and others in Nazi death camps
During the war, Americans experienced what?
The rationing of scarce
During WWII, African Americans experienced what?
They still suffered discrimination and racial violence, left the South in large numbers seeking employment in war industries, served in segregated units in the armed forces, and received limited access to the GI Bill of Rights benefits
Women worked in defense industries during the war and were what?
Told by advertisers that they were fighting for freedom
Who were the allies of WWII?
U.S., Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, and Yugoslavia
The 1944 conference at Dumbarton Oaks established what?
United Nations
What happened at the Yalta conference in 1945?
Wartime American-Soviet corporation was at its peak
Which area of the United States witnessed the greatest growth during the war?
West Coast
What did Franklin Roosevelt do in 1940?
Won an unprecedented third term as president
Which statement about the Japanese-American internment is false? a) Japanese-Americans in Hawaii were exempt from policy b) Once the FBI did background checks on individuals they were free to leave the camps and return home c) The Supreme Court refused to intervene d) Japan used it as proof that America was racist toward nonwhite people
b) Once the FBI did background checks on individuals they were free to leave the camps and return home
What was the program that began in 1942 that allowed experienced Mexican agricultural workers to cross the border to work under government labor contracts called?
bracero program
What was not one of the Four Freedoms expressed by FDR? a) Freedom of religion b) Freedom of fear c) Freedom from want d) Freedom of enterprise
d) Freedom of enterprise