1-5, 6-9, 10-15 anatomy

How many bones make up the adult human skeleton?

206

How many bones make up the human foot?

26

How many quadrants are found in the abdominal area?

4

The nails are constantly growing. Looking at this picture, which area of the nail represents where the nail first emerges to the surface?

4 (very bottom, ridge between nail and finger)

The vertebral column consists of _____ cervical vertebrae, _____ thoracic vertebrae, and _____ lumbar vertebrae.

7, 12, 5

The skull is composed of _____ bones in the cranium and _____ bones in the face.

8, 14

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue? Cardiac Abdominal Smooth Skeletal

Abdominal

Which is a correct pairing? Skeletal muscle - involuntary Cardiac muscle - voluntary Actin - thick filament; Myosin - thin filament Actin - thin filament; Myosin - thick filament

Actin - thin filament; Myosin - thick filament

Which of the following is true of a muscle contraction, at the sarcomere level?

Actin is pulled towards the center of the sarcomere

Match the corresponding tissue terms

Adipose- fat Endocrine- ductless Blood- fluid matrix Cartilage- joints Spinal cord- nervous

The scapula is found in the ____________________ skeleton.

Appendicular

The shoulder joint has the most range of motion of any joint in the body. What is this joint called?

Ball and Socket

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing for the name of the muscle and its function in the body? Masseter; chewing Buccinator; used to whistle and smile Quadriceps; extension of the knee and hip flexion Biceps brachii; extends the forearm

Biceps brachii; extends the forearm

Which of the following shows the correct order of complexity from simplest to most complex?

Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism

You have been appointed as the newest member of a forensics crime scene team. Skeletal remains were recently discovered at a crime scene and it is your job to determine whether the victim was male or female. How will you do this? Describe at least five things that you could look at to come to a conclusion.

-Males have larger bones -Male skulls are heavier -Male pelvis is more narrow, woman pelvis is more outwardly flared -Pelvis inlet in women is more circular/open (for childbirth) -Women have a larger angle where the pubic bones meet

Consider the following terms for anatomical organization: (1) tissue; (2) molecules; (3) organ systems; (4) cells; (5) organelles; (6) organs. Which of the following choices lists the levels in order of increasing anatomical hierarchy complexity?

2,5,4,1,6,3

Many motor units in a muscle are stimulated in quick succession. What will most likely happen?

Contractions will produce tetanus

Which plane cuts the body into front and back parts?

Coronal (frontal)

Before calcium is released into the sarcoplasm, where can troponin and tropomyosin be found?

Covering the myosin head binding sites

Which of the following is NOT a basic tissue type? Connective Muscle Diaphysiseal Epithelial

Diaphysiseal

In real-life dissections, explain why communication of body planes and cavities is important. For instance, if the directions called for "making an incision on the anterior medial part of the body segment, 1 inch superior to the umbilicus" explain exactly where you should be making the incision.

Dissections require precision and accuracy. If you cut into the wrong thing, you cannot go back and redo it.

Which of the following activities would NOT by an example of an anatomical study

Drawing blood from a fasting patient to determine their blood glucose levels

Which system is responsible for sending chemical messages via hormones through the body?

Endocrine

The kidneys function to filter the blood and excrete any unneeded water and minerals. Which tissue type would you expect to find in the kidneys?

Epithelial

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? Fat and mineral production Protection of internal organs Blood cell formation Support

Fat and mineral production

Which of the following describes smooth muscle?

Has actin and myosin proteins

A patient comes into your office and she is very concerned. She has recently found out that her best friend since 2nd grade has a cancer called melanoma. She is frightened that she might have it, too, but does not have any idea what melanoma is. In your answer, please share what you would say to this patient to help her understand the following: What is melanoma? What cells are involved? Can the disease spread? What could possibly happen to her friend? Could your patient have caught this disease from her friend? Please answer this in narrative form (not bullet points!) as you would be speaking with this patient.

I'm very sorry for your friend! Melanoma is a type of skin cancer. It infects melanocytes , which are pigment-producing cells, in the patient's skin. Pigment is what gives your skin color. The disease is not contagious so you don't have to worry about whether or not you caught it from your friend! Melanoma is a very serious cancer but she can treat it through radiation and surgery. I hope she gets better!

What are the three parts of the pelvis?

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

Please match the terms related to acne vulgaris.

Open comedo- blackhead Closed comedo- whitehead Pustule- infected follicle

You are looking under a microscope at a tissue sample. You note that the tissue is stacked layers of squarish cells. What sort of tissue is this?

Stratified cuboidal

Skin functions to protect the body. What sort of tissue type would you expect to find in the skin?

Stratified squamous

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop? Labor and delivery Temperature control Blood clot formation Emotional control

Temperature control

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the cavities of the body? Ventrally, the body cavities are protected by the serous membrane. Dorsally, the body cavities are protected by bone. The abdominopelvic region is divided into 8 regions to allow more specificity and accuracy. Body cavities are fluid-filled spaces where internal organs are located.

The abdominopelvic region is divided into 8 regions to allow more specificity and accuracy.

A crossbridge occurs when

The myosin heads bind to the actin

As we compare exocrine and endocrine, what is the main difference between the two.

The presence or absence of ducts

Which of these statements is correct? The knee is lateral to the hip The shoulder is lateral to the neck The inside of the thigh is lateral to the outside of the foot The ankle is medial to the foot

The shoulder is lateral to the neck

Choose the correct statement: The abdominal region belongs to the dorsal cavity. The pelvic region belongs to the dorsal cavity. The thoracic region belongs to the ventral cavity. The spinal region belongs to the ventral cavity.

The thoracic region belongs to the ventral cavity.

Choose the correct statement regarding the appendicular skeleton. There are 126 bones for the skull, spine, sternum and ribs. There 80 bones for the shoulder, upper & lower extremities and pelvis. There are 80 bones for the skull, spine, sternum and ribs. There are 126 bones for the shoulder, upper & lower extremities, and the pelvis

There are 126 bones for the shoulder, upper & lower extremities, and the pelvis

How do ribs #11 and 12 attach to the sternum?

They do not attach to the sternum

The distal end of the sternum is known as the

Xiphoid processs

A motor unit is made up of _______________.

a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates

The two proteins in the sarcomere that allow a muscle to contract are

actin & myosin

This type of tissue appears empty but is actually the storehouse of energy, while protecting and insulating many organs.

adipose

Which of the following can burn skin? Electricity Chemicals Radiation All of the above

all of the above

Which site or sites are most likely to be locations of metastasis of melanoma? All of the above Lungs Liver Brain

all of the above

The cells of squamous epithelium are a single cell thick. This is advantageous to the body because it ________.

allows for filtration and diffusion

The coronal plane divides the body into

anterior and posterior parts

Muscles that are not used, may degenerate or undergo a process of _____.

atrophy

Which muscle groups are located in the arm?

biceps

Which is an example of a positive feedback loop?

birth of a baby

This type of connective tissue can be found in the external ear, larynx and vertebral discs.

cartilage

Which of these terms does NOT describe a type of muscle tissue?

cartilage

The main purpose of connective tissue is to ________.

connect

The first seven pair of ribs

connect directly to the sternum

Which type of tissue protects and cushions organs and tissue?

connective

A neurosurgeon orders a spinal epidural for a patient. This means the needle will be placed near the spinal cord for the injection. Which body cavity will the needle be inserted?

dorsal

The function of the ________ system is to maintain homeostasis by removing waste from blood.

excretory

Where are the tarsals found?

foot

A sprinter on the track team was at the blocks at the start of his race. As she pushed off the block, plantar-flexing her foot to point her toe downwards, she suddenly felt a sharp pain in the back of her calf. What muscle did she most likely injure?

gastrocnemius

Where is cardiac tissue found?

heart

Elbow flexion and extension occur at which type of joint?

hinge

The Latin prefix for "under" is ________.

hypo

Skeletal muscle is described by all of the following EXCEPT: voluntary striated intercalcated discs multinucleate

intercalcated discs

Vertebrae are ____________________ bones.

irregular

The lower posterior back muscles are called the

lattismus dorsi

What type of bone is longer than it is wide?

long

What is the name of the only freely movable bone in the skull?

mandible

Choose the incorrect set of opposite terms. inferior and superior medial and lateral anterior and posterior medial and anterior

medial and anterior

Choose the correct set of opposite directional terms. posterior and medial parts lateral and inferior superior and posterior medial and lateral

medial and lateral

Your patient has been diagnosed as an albino. What is this person missing?

melanocytes

What is the name of the five bones that make up the palm of the hand?

metacarpals

If a carbohydrate is a great source of energy, which tissue would benefit the most?

muscle

The skeletal system provides a place for ____________________ to attach.

muscles

According to the classification of anatomical hierarchy, which represents the correct sequence of structure from most complex to least complex?

organism, organ, tissue, cell

Which term is NOT used to describe one of the four types of tissue?

pancreatic

What type of joint allows rotations of one bone around the surface of another, as is found between C1 and C2?

pivot

Which system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

respiratory

The sagittal plan divides the body into

right and left parts

The ___ plane divides the body into right and left parts.

saggital

The smallest contractile unit of muscle tissue is a ____.

sarcomere

The shoulder girdle is formed by which two bones?

scapula and clavicle

A patient's hand was splashed with hot oil and is in significant pain. When you examine the hand, you see red and white areas of skin with multiple blisters. What is your diagnosis?

second degree burn

The patella and two small, round bones beneath the great toe are classified as ____________________ bones.

sesamoid

You are looking under a microscope at a tissue sample. You note that the tissue is a single layer of elongated cells. What sort of tissue is this?

simple columnar

Three samples of muscle tissue are looked at under the microscope. Sample A is noted to have many nuclei. It is most likely ____ muscle.

skeletal

Which type(s) of muscles have striations?

skeletal and cardiac

The walls of hollow organs and some blood vessels contain this muscle tissue:

smooth

Homeostasis means

stable internal conditions

Which bone consists of the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process?

sternum

This type of tissue forms the epidermis (pic)

stratified squamous

How would you describe the location of your head compared to your feet?

superior

Which of these is a function of the skeletal system?

support

The joints that hold cranial bones together are called

sutures

Which connective tissue holds muscle to bone?

tendons

Tetanus occurs in a muscle when

there is summation of tension.

The human body is covered with hair. What function(s) of the integumentary system does this structure perform?

thermoregulation

What is the name of the superficial bone that extends down the front of the lower leg?

tibia

Groups of cells similar in structure that perform common or related functions are known as the

tissue

A major regulatory proteins in muscle tissue is:

tropomyosin

When calcium is released, what does it bind to?

troponin