1 final exam science

In the energy pyramiding, if a primary produce is consumed by a first- level consumer, and that first-level consumer is consumed by a second level consumer and the second level consumer is consumed by a third level consumer, how much energy is stores by the third level consumer from the primary producer?

0.1%

Consider the genetic cross for fur color. What is the probability that the offspring of this cross will have black fur?

75%

What percentage of low income people are between 25 and 29 years old?

8.1%

Wildfires are frequent in the Great Basin shrub steppe. Every time there is a fire outbreak, much of the natural vegetation is destroyed. What is the most likely impact of fire on this ecosystem?

A drastic reduction in the animal population due to migration or death by starvation

Many species have embryos that look similar to one another and develop similar structures. Refer to the picture above. During the first stage of embryonic development for each species

A) divergent evolution because all of the species have similar structures during the first state of development.

In this lab, biology students were directed to use indicators as chemical detention tools, to analyze a variety of foods, for the presence of carbohydrates, lipids or proteins. Which test should the students use to detect whether or not proteins are present?

Biuret

Breanna and Kevin learned that fossil fuels, such as coal; and oil, release energy when they are burned. Breanna believes this energy comes from the ancient plants and animals plants and animals that formed fossil fuels, but Kevin says the energy in fossil fuels comes from the sun. Who is right and why?

Breanna and Kevin are both right. The energy in fossil fuels first came from the sun but was then transferred to the ancient plants and animals that formed fossil fuels.

Which statement BEST describes how mutations are related to evolution?

Mutations lead to new genes which may have an advantage over the old farms, causing the species to evolve.

The ojibwe Indian, in the Minnesota and Great Lakes regions, changed their camp locations with the seasons. They were able to subsist this way without needing to make many modifications to their surroundings. This is a classic example of ______ living.

Sustainable

The diagram shows a numbers pyramid for a forest community. Imagine that is only one producer, a tree. This seems to contradicts the concept of the typical food pyramid. All but once statement explains how this model is also correct.

The autotrophs would typically have the highest numbers or organisms with each level above it containing roughly 90%

During the early stage of meiosis, two chromosomes in homologous pair may exchange segments, producing genetic variation in sex cells. This process of exchange is called

crossing over

Land conservation is a worldwide priority. There are several methods to prevent the loss of land due to a variety of reasons. Which method is not a way to conserve land?

cut and burn methods of clearing land

Changes in a DNA sequence that affects entice information are known as

d) mutations

As a result of ______, the incorrect sequence of amino acids will be translated into a protein, resulting inn a mutation

deletion: as a result of deletion , the incorrect sequence of amino acids will be translated into a protein, resulting in a mutation. This causes several genetic diseases.

All of the following circumstances, EXCEPT____can produce new combinations of enteric traits in sperm and eggs that are different from the parents.

errors during mitosis

a chameleon's camouflaging, a bird's mating dance, and a butterfly's migration are all examples to natural selection

evolved

Big losses of genetic variation for the small populations are readily caused by

genetic drift

Experts estimate that over 25,000 species become extinct each year, with some estimation this number to be over 100,000. This is an alarming rate the threatens fragile ecosystems ad global biodiversity. Which of these is currently the leading cause of extinctions today?

habitat loss due to human interactions

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and typically have______ blood pressure. Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart and typically have______ blood pressure

high, low

A study published in Science notes that water flowing from the Atlantic Ocean into the arctic is warmer than its been in 2000 years. Scientists believe that this increased heat input has far-reaching consequences to life on earth. US and European scientists studied the Fram strait brach of the North Atlantic Current, the ocean current that carries heat north from the tropics. What impact does the Mauna Loa data have on the study published in Science?

it adds supports to the study

The powerhouse of the cell: that is the term used to describe the_______, because it's main function is to produce energy for cellular activities.

mitochondria, The mitochondria is the cell's powerhouse. It is the site of cellular respiration where energy is produced. The nucleus would be the control center: the Olga bodies package molecules: the endoplasmic reticulum is the transportation system throughout the cell.

The drought alone did not cause the dust bowl. IT was a combination of several things the drought and

over-gazing by livestock and poor farming techniques

Which statement describes what occurs in both animal and plant cells?

oxygen is used for respiration and carbon dioxide is a wast product

The number of oyster in the Chesapeake bay has been declining for years. Much of this is due to over-harvesting, white pollution has had a destructive impact as well.

oyster farming

In living things dehydration synthesis reaction results in the formation of

polymers

There are 1000 pine trees per square kilometer in a North Carolina forest. This information tells us

population density

A scientist studied animals that live in a forest over a period of a year. HIs observations are shown in the table. At the end if the year the scientist found that the fox population had increased to 40

rabbits

The human stomach is an organ that helps us digest food. The stomach is one of Manny organs involved in the process of digestion. others include the esophagus, small intestine, pancreas and gall bladder. What name is given to a set of organs that work together to perform a specific function?

system

New allies can be created in all of the following ways, EXCEPT by

the addition or removal of a chromosome by a meiosis error

More radiated heat is being reflected back to Earth and less is radiating into space. What is one reason for this change?

the burning of the fossil fuels is increasing the producing of carbon dioxide.

A myocardiocyte is a heart muscle cell. It makes up the myocardium, a kind of

tissue

Proteins are

transported to other parts of the cell by the endoplasmic reticulum from ribosomes.

the transfer of thermal energy by the convection is a very important process in the temperature distribution on the surface of the earth. The term sea breeze describes a thermally produced wind blowing from an ocean surface onto adjoining land.

water has a higher specific heat than land. Therefore, the temperature of water does nit rise as much as landmass.

The process of photosynthesis is essential in the oxygen/ carbon dioxide cycle. Photosynthesis removes___ from the atmosphere and produces ad releases___ into the atmosphere.

carbon dioxide, oxygen

Durin the light independent reaction of photosynthesis, light energy is converted to the energy currency of All Cells. This energy- carrying molecules is needed to produce glucose. This molecule is

ATP

DNA, amino acids, and proteins are all molecules that play a vital role in your life, even though you have never seen them. In fact, these three types of molecules are tightly linked. What is the relationship between them?

DNA codes call for specific amino acids, which are assembled into proteins needed by your body.

Honeybees have an effective communications system that relies on the use of various stimuli such as light, as well as chemical and physical stimuli that are perceived by specific sensory organs. Honeybees also communicate through dance; one dance, the tall waggle dance, is done for a very specific purpose. What is the reason for the dance? All BUT ONE describes the purpose of the dance

Directs hive members to a food source close to the hive ;<50 meters

Volcanic Eruptions, changes in the Earth's orbit, meteorite impact, and even the combustion of fossil fuels ALL contribute directly or indirectly to climate change by

changing the amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth

While on the Galapagos Island, Darwin noticed that there were a number of species of finches that he theorized from a common ancestor. He hypothesized that these finches became isolated on an island and adapted to fit an ecological role on that island. Which finch most likely adapted to an ecological role that involved eating nuts?

Geozpiza magnirostris

What of these events has led to the largest changes in worldwide sea levels?

Glaciation

Review the map of the mine area. Without a reclamation project in the area, what would the primary concern of resident in questa and red river

Lack of non-contaminated water resources for humans and other animals.

Compare primary and secondary successions of an ecosystem. What is the distinction between them?

Primary succession is the establishment of a community in an area with no soil, while secondary succession is the establishment of a new community in an existing ecosystem that was disturbed by some catastrophic event

Which statement BEST describes the risk of damages due to the hurricane at P?

The risk is high as P lies near the border of the potential track area

This event is the result of sudden vertical offset in the ocean floor and is most often the result of plate movement on the ocean floor. It destroys coastlines and coastal settlements. What is the event called that causes this type of physical damage?

Tsunami; A tsunami is the result of a sudden vertical offset in the ocean floor and is most often the result of plate movement on the ocean floor.

Other negative include all BUT ONE of the following points. That is

a decrease in the cost to farmers who rely on monocultures

The major effect of genetic drift

a reduction in genetic variability

When cells produce polymers, such as carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins, chemically bonding the monomers together results in the formation of

a water molecule at each bonding site

In the typical cell cycle, DNA synthesis occurs in the _____ phase

a) s phase

vascular resistance is the friction between veins and arteries and blood. In essence, it is measure of the flow of blood. Which is not a factor that directly affects vascular resistance?

blood levels of estradiol and testosterone

Which biological polymer consists of many simple monosaccharides joined together?

carbohydrates