1.3 Implied Depth: Value and Space

This German artist illustrated how a figure can be drawn from an oblique angle for his own text on drawing.

Albrecht Dürer

This artist proved that his system for creating depth was effective through an elaborate process that involved a painting with a hole, a mirror, and the Florence Baptistery. The viewer would look through the back of the painting of the Florence Baptistery while the mirror reflected it, then, when the mirror was removed, the viewer could see the actual building. Who was this artist and innovator?

Brunelleschi

If you are looking straight ahead, an object that is behind you is in your cone of vision.

False

This Italian artist used two-point combined with one-point perspective in his painting The School of Athens.

Raphael

The Belgian Surrealist artist ________ created The Treachery of Images, a work that calls our attention to the illusionary characteristics of painting.

René Magritte

If an artist were to depict five people, each running toward a different tree, from different starting points, the artist would have to use multi-point perspective.

True

The painter Thomas Hart Benton varied the intensity of the color green in The Wreck of the Ole '97 to help the viewer feel at a safe distance from the train wreck.

True

Triangular planes make up the surface of a geodesic sphere. Planes that are closer to and facing toward the light source tend to be lighter than planes that are further from it and facing away.

True

When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by ________.

all of the other answers

Kindred Spirits by Asher Brown Durand uses the effects of ________ to give a sense of the vastness of the American landscape.

atmospheric perspective

When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called:

atmospheric perspective

The French artist Pierre-Paul Prud'hon created chiaroscuro by using ________ chalk on paper.

black and white

In addition to alternating value, Li Cheng's A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks uses this process to give the viewer a sense that some areas are closer than others.

changing visual texture

This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of a three-dimensional solid form is called ________.

chiaroscuro

An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ________.

closer

This is the area that is visible when a viewer is staring at a fixed point in space.

cone of vision

In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and ________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones.

cross-hatching

Renaissance artists used a camera obscura to help them understand the basic tenets of linear perspective. Camera obscura is a Latin phrase. What is the closest English translation?

dark room

Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.

depth

The Chinese artist Li Cheng created ________ in his work A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks by alternating bands of lighter and darker values.

depth

In the DC Comics image of Superman, the figure is portrayed at an extreme angle. This ________ view creates an unusual perspective and grabs the viewer's attention.

foreshortened

If an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm?

foreshortening

When the rules of perspective are applied in order to represent unusual points of view, we call this: ________.

foreshortening

An artist paints a scene with a large mountain, which lacks detail and is out of focus, and a tree, which is sharply defined and bright green. The viewer might assume that the mountain is ________ than the tree.

further away

The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.

hatching

The chiaroscuro method uses five defined values: cast shadow, reflected light, core shadow, light, and ________.

highlight

The video game Transistor uses ________ perspective.

isometric

This system, which derives its name from the Greek meaning "equal measure," uses diagonal parallel lines to communicate depth.

isometric perspective

This is the system for creating an illusion of depth using three basic components: horizon line, vanishing point, and convergence lines.

linear perspective

The artist can more readily reflect the complexities of the real world by using more than one vanishing point. This is known as ________ perspective.

multi-point

A Summer Shower by the British artist Edith Hayllar employs linear perspective to create depth. The painting contains imaginary sightlines that converge toward a single vanishing point. These lines are also called ________.

orthogonals

By looking at the flat triangular surfaces of Disney's Spaceship Earth, the effect of light and shadow can be observed. What are these flat surfaces?

planes

One method used to establish depth in Beda Stjernschantz's Pastoral (Primavera) involves placing figures higher or lower in the composition. This process for creating depth is called ________.

relative placement

Detective movies of the 1940s were filmed in such dark tones they were referred to as film noir. Filmmakers chose these dark values to enhance the ________ mood of the movies.

serious

Beda Stjernschantz was a member of the Symbolists, who were interested in the relationship between art and music. This was exemplified in a physiological condition known as ________, in which one of the body's senses translates the experience into another sense.

synesthesia

Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.

three-dimensional

Ascending and Descending, by M. C. Escher, uses ________ perspective.

three-point

The video game Transistor is designed using units that can be redistributed in any configuration using isometric perspective. These units are called ________.

tiles

This type of perspective is used when an object is being viewed from an angle rather than from directly in front.

two-point

The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.

value

A series of different values that are grouped together is called a ________.

value range

Masaccio was one of the first artists to use one-point perspective. In his large fresco, Trinity, the ________ is centered in the middle of the horizon line, directly ahead of the viewer.

vanishing point

One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a single ________.

vanishing point