13: Managing Time and Stress

Identify effective time management techniques.

- Putting things away as soon as one is done with them - Using an appointment calendar to keep track of one's schedule

Identify the true statements about stress.

- Stress results from the challenges that stimulate people. - Stress can lead to physiological changes such as faster heartbeat and higher blood pressure.

Arrange the stages of burnout in the correct order of occurrence.

1. An employee feels emotionally exhausted 2. An employee's perceptions of others become calloused 3. An employee views his or her effectiveness negatively

Type B personality

A pattern of behavior that focuses on a relaxed but active approach to life

Type A personality

A pattern of behavior that involves constantly trying to accomplish a lot in a hurry

Developing an awareness of bodily functions in order to control them is known as _____

Biofeedback

_____ is the inability to function effectively as a result of ongoing stress.

Burnout

Identify an example of hindrance stressors.

Chronic illness

Hindrance stressors

Drain personal resources from employees that inhibit their productivity

Which of the following practices helps supervisors to minimize organizational stress?

Empowering employees to make decisions

Which of the following reduces stress?

Exercising before or after work

Challenge stressors

Help employees gain personal resources that enhance their productivity and well-being

Identify a true statement about stress due to conflict between the demands of work and home.

It can be an issue for employees of either sex and any age.

Identify a true statement about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

It describe the traits of a person along four dimensions.

Identify a true statement about burnout.

It is important to cope with stress before it leads to burnout.

The _____ is a test that classifies people into 16 personality types on the basis of the work of psychiatrist Carl Jung.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

_____ is trading off long-term goals to feel better for a few minutes while one avoids doing something unpleasant.

Procrastination

_____ involves discussing and processing current life stressors in a confidential manner.

Psychotherapy

Which of the following practices can make an organization's wellness program ineffective?

Singling out employees to participate in the program

_____ refers to the body's response to coping with environmental demands such as change, frustration, uncertainty, danger, or discomfort.

Stress

Identify a true statement about hindrance stressors.

They may arise from non-work sources.

True or false: Employees with high self-esteem tend to be more susceptible to stress than those with low self-esteem.

This is false. Employees with low self-esteem tend to be more susceptible to stress than those with high self-esteem.

True or false: Women are particularly less vulnerable than men to stress resulting from conflict between the demands of work and home.

This is false. Women have traditionally borne the primary responsibility for homemaking and the family's well-being, so as a group they are particularly vulnerable to stress resulting from work-family conflict.

True or false: People who lead a well-rounded life are more likely to experience satisfaction in some area of life at any given time.

This is true. People who lead a well-rounded life are more likely to experience satisfaction in some area of life at any given time. This satisfaction can make stress a lot easier to cope with.

True or false: Perfectionism often underlies the failure to delegate work.

This is true. Perfectionism often underlies the failure to delegate work. A supervisor should learn to delegate work effectively.

Identify a true statement about effective time management.

Time management priorities should include time for resting and recharging.

_____ are organizational activities designed to help employees adopt healthful practices

Wellness programs

On the job, employees tend to perform best when they experience _____.

a moderate degree of stress

In an organizational context, if a person an individual is calling is unavailable, the individual should _____.

ask when the person can be reached

People use _____ to will their bodies into a more relaxed state.

biofeedback

People experience _____ when they cannot cope with stress over an extended period of time.

burnout

Supervisors contribute to stress at work when they _____.

check on every detail of their subordinates' work

A time log maintained to understand how one uses his or her time should be ideally filled _____.

every half-hour during the day

To be able to effectively manage time, supervisors should _____.

learn to delegate work

Rachael, a supervisor at RB Inc., realizes that a few members in her team find their job boring. The team members appear stressed because of the routine tasks they need to perform every day. Rachael can reduce their stress by _____.

making their job interesting through job enrichment

Supervisors can reduce stress at work by _____.

not interrupting employees with matters than can wait

A person leads a well-rounded life when he or she _____.

not only advances at his or her career but also devotes time for other activities

Supervisors can ensure that their organization's wellness programs are successful by _____.

participating in the activities

_____ is the attempt to do things perfectly.

perfectionism

The process of putting off what needs to be done is called _____.

procrastination

Supervisors in an organization should behave in esteem-enhancing ways, which include _____.

providing feedback to employees about their efforts

Supervisors can minimize organizational stress by _____.

providing regular feedback to employees

Which of the following is helpful in combating burnout?

psychotherapy

Which of the following practices is a common time waster?

pursuing perfectionism

The first step in writing a "to do" list involves _____.

recording all the activities that must occur at a set time

Supervisors who observe signs of burnout in employees should seek to _____.

reward their efforts

If one cannot solve a problem in the time allotted for a meeting, it is advisable to _____.

schedule a follow-up meeting

When writing a "to do" list, one must _____.

schedule time for thinking, not solely for doing

When drafting a "to do" list, one must avoid _____.

scheduling A-level activities at the end of the day or week

A good start for handling the stress related to balancing work and family responsibilities is to _____.

set priorities

An effective way to ensure careful use of time during meetings is by _____.

setting an ending time for the meetings

A "to do" list is effective when _____.

there is some time free to handle unexpected problems

A _____ is a record of what activities a person is doing hour by hour throughout the workday.

time log

The practice of controlling the way a person uses his or her time is known as _____.

time management

Compared to a Type B personality, people with a Type A personality tend to _____.

try to get more and more done in less and less time

Supervisors can cultivate a positive attitude in themselves and their subordinates by finding and focusing on _____.

what makes their work meaningful

Which of the following statements are true of stress?

- Employees' performance falls when the amount of stress moves from moderate to high. - Negative sources of stress can cause problems related to the performance of employees.

In an organizational context, which of the following should an individual do when placing calls himself or herself?

- He or she should keep the required information or data close at hand. - He or she should consider different time zones when calling long distance.

Which of the following are likely to be a part of a company's wellness program?

- Nutrition counseling - Onsite exercise facilities

Which of the following occurs in the first stage of burnout?

An employee feels emotionally exhausted.

The physical changes in response to stress are known as the _____.

fight-or-flight syndrome

An effective way to overcome procrastination is to _____.

focus on the short term for a while

The members of a work team find their new project to be highly complicated. They appear to be stressed. A supervisor can reduce the team members' stress by _____.

giving them training