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What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

An epidemic occurs when the communicable disease spreads from person to person and affects a large number of people. A pandemic occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a high proportion of the population.

define clean

objects or parts of objects do not contain disease producing organisms & therefore have minimal chance of spreading the disease

define contaminated

objects that contain disease-producing organisms

what is protective or reverse isolation?

protective or reverse isolation refers to the methods used to protect certain patients from organisms present in the environment

List 3 ways a communicable disease is spread.

1. direct contact with patients 2. contact with dirty linen 3. contact with blood/body fluids

list 4 precautions that may be required for protective or reverse isolation

1. special filters may be used to purify air that enters the room 2. frequent disinfection occurs while the patient occupies the room 3. the patient is placed in a room that has been cleaned & disinfected 4. anyone entering the room must wear clean or sterile gowns, gloves, and masks

Identify 3 factors that help determine what type of isolation is used

1. the causative organism of the disease 2. the way the organism is transmitted 3. whether the pathogen is antibiotic resistant

what are the types of patients who may require protective or reverse isolation

1. those whose immune systems have been depressed prior to receiving transplants (bone marrow) 2. severely burned patients 3. chemotherapy/radiation patients 4. patients with failed immune systems

What is a communicable disease?

A disease that is easily spread from one person to another.

What is the difference between standard precautions and transmission-based isolation techniques?

Standard precautions are used on all patients. Transmission-based isolation techniques are used to provide extra protection against specific diseases or pathogens to prevent their spread.

Define Transmission-based isolation

Transmission based isolation is a method or technique for patients who have communicable diseases.