15.4
What percent of the universe is stars and planets?
4.9%
What happened during the "Big Bang Theory's" big explosion?
All of the contents of the universe were compressed under huge pressure, at high temperatures and high density at very small volume. In the first three minutes of this, the initial forces of nature like gravity and the seeds of galaxy formation were chosen.
What are some of the oldest things in the universe?
some white dwarfs are 12 - 13 billion years old and the universe is around 14 billion years old. The galaxies far from Earth are also some of the oldest things in the world.
What is also detected when radio waves from stars is detected?
cosmic background radiation is detected from every direction.
Is it true that the further away a galaxy is, the slower away it is going away from us?
no, it is faster the farther it is.
What is dark matter needed for?
to provide enough gravity to hold the galaxies together.
What is dark energy?
An unknown substance that is accelerating the expansion of the universe and is counteracting the affect of gravity. It is 68.3% of the universe.
What is cosmic background radiation?
It was perceived as radio "noise". It actually is the energy from the original explosion that was distributed in every direction like heat from the oven.
Explain how the clusters of galaxies eventually equal Earth.
Galaxy Cluster = Thousands of Galaxies = Stars and Planets
What did Edwin Hubble do?
He used the red-shifted spectral absorption lines to calculate the speed and distance of different galaxies.
Why does gravity control the universe?
It acts over great distances and controls the size and shape of the universe.
Is the universe finite?
No, it is infinite since it is ever expanding.
What is dark matter? (is it congealed evil)
No, it is not condensed evil, it is something that doesn't give off light and be detected indirectly. It is 26.8% of the universe.
What is the planetary nebula stage?
When the hot central region of the star drives the star for a few thousand years until all that is left is the core, known as a white dwarf.
What have scientists learned about the movement of galaxies?
That they are moving away from each other and that the universe is expanding.
How are white dwarfs formed?
They are burned out stars that started out with masses less then 8 times the size of the sun. They have cores of carbon and oxygen at the end of the red giant phase and lose their atmosphere at the planetary nebula stage, after that a white dwarf is made.
What gravity have to do with the big bang and what happened afterwards?
The big bang had gravity going around and distributing galaxies around the universe, they mutual attraction caused galaxies to cluster.
How do scientists find the age of the universe?
They study white dwarfs (burned out stars)
Are most galaxies moving away from us, what does this mean about the starting of the galaxies?
Yes, it means that the galaxy began as a tiny compressed high temperature point which expands and is cooled over 13.7 billion years yo its present shape.
What does the Doppler effect do with galaxies?
The light from distant galaxies is "red" shifted.
What is cosmology?
The study of the origin, structure, processes, and evolution of the universe is called this.
What is the big bang theory?
The theory that all energy and matter in the universe was compressed into a extremely small volume that 13 billion to 15 billion years ago exploded and began expandig in all directions.
What is the final fate of the universe?
The universe will keep growing and eventually all the stars will die and the universe will be cold and dark as it expands into eternity.
What is cosmic background radiation?
This is the energy of the big bang stretched to radio wave lengths by the expansion of the universe.