19.4 - 19.6 : platelets, hemostasis, and blood typing

Which of the following substances does not inhibit coagulation?

prothrombin

Which of the following blood types is considered the universal recipient?

AB+

A sample reacts with anti-A and anti-B antibodies, but it does not react with anti-Rh antibodies. What is the sample's blood type?

AB-

Carbohydrate groups on the surfaces of erythrocytes determine blood type and are known as __________.

antigens

The ABO blood group is based on which antigen(s)?

antigens A & B

Which of the following characteristics do platelets have?

capable of oxidative catabolism

Which of the following events must occur first during hemostasis?

formation of thrombin

Which of the following blood types is compatible with B- during a transfusion?

O-

What is the functional consequence of vascular spasms during hemostasis?

Vascular spasms decrease blood vessel diameter to limit blood loss.

Select the appropriate pathway for the steps of hemostasis.

Vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, coagulation, clot retraction, and thrombolysis

Which of the following antibodies does a person with type B+ blood have in their plasma?

anti-A antibodies

Which of the following pairs of terms can be used interchangeably?

antibody & agglutinin

What ions are necessary for both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade?

calcium ions

Fibrin converts the soft, liquid platelet plug into a more solid mass by the process of ______________.

coagulation

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to use vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would have problems with __________.

coagulation

What event initiates the intrinsic or contact pathway of coagulation?

factor XII contacts exposed collagen fibers

What process does agglutination promote?

hemolysis

What clotting disorder results from an inadequate amount of the Christmas factor (IX)?

hemophilia B

What process involves a series of events that minimizes the amount of blood lost from an injured blood vessel?

hemostasis

Platelets are cell fragments formed from __________.

megakaryocytes

Hemostasis is mediated by which of the following formed elements?

platelets

What enzyme coverts fibrinogen to fibrin?

thrombin

What process dissolves a blood clot?

thrombolysis

What condition results in the formation of an inappropriate blood clot?

thrombosis

What vitamin is necessary for certain clotting factors to operate during coagulation?

vitamin K

What chemical is produced by endothelial cells at the site of injury during the first step of platelet plug formation?

von Willebrand factor (vWF)

What is the average lifespan of a platelet?

7-10 days

Which antigens does a person with blood type A- have on the surface of his or her erythrocytes?

A antigens

Which of the following blood types would agglutinate if donated to a person with blood type A+?

B-

What is another name for the Rh antigen?

D antigen