2-Ankle and Foot Joints
Ankle joint (talocrural joint)
- 50 degrees of plantar flexion - 15 to 20 degrees of dorsiflexion - Greater range of dorsiflexion with knee flexed (reduces gastrocnemius tension) - Fibula rotates 3 to 5 degrees externally with ankle dorsiflexion & 3 to 5 degrees internally during plantarflexion - Syndesmosis joint widens by 1 to 2 millimeters during full dorsiflexion
Subtalar & transverse tarsal joints (Intertarsal) gliding or arthrodial unixial, Inversion & eversion
- Combined movement of • 20 to 30 degrees of inversion • 5 to 15 degrees of eversion • Intertarsal & tarsometatarsal joints - Arthrodial - Minimal movement
Metatarsophalangeal joints-Great Toe
Synovial, Condyloid (MP) joint flexes 45 degrees & extends 70 degrees
MP joints 2-5 toe joint
Synovial, Condyloid • 40 degrees of flexion • 40 degrees of extension • abduct & adduct minimally
Metatarso phalangeal joint MTP (middle) Structure & Function?
Synovial, Condyloid Diarthrotic, biaxial flex/ext, abd/add, circum of great toe (hallux)
Distal Interphalangeal joint DIP
Synovial, Hinge Flex/ext/hyperextension in the sagittal plane
Talocrural joint Structure & Function?
Synovial, hinge Diarthrotic, uniaxial dorsiflexion plantarflexion,
Proximal interphalangeal PIP Structure & Function?
Synovial, hinge Flexion / Extension - Sagittal
Tarsometatarsal joints TMT Structure & Function?
Synovial, plane Diarthrotic, gliding metatarsals
Intertarsal Joint (aka transverse tarsal) Structure & Function?
Synovial, plane Diarthrotic, gliding-inversion & eversion
Talocrural joint Joint between:
Talus, distal tibia, & distal fibula
distal Tibiofibular joint Structure & Function?
fibrous, syndesmosis Synarthrotic, slight "give" during dosiflex
Great toe interphalangeal (IP) joint • Much variation joint to joint -person to person
flexes from 0 degrees of full extension to 90 degrees of flexion
Subtalar & transverse tarsal joints (Intertarsal) gliding or arthrodial unixial, Inversion & eversion
gliding or arthrodial uniaxial, Inversion & eversion
fibula's lateral malleolus
lateral ankle bulge Articulates with talus
Distal Interphalangeal joint DIP Joint between
medial and distal phalange
Metatarso phalangeal joint MTP Joint between (middle)
metatarsal & proximal phalanges
Intertarsal Joint(S) between: (aka transverse tarsal)
navicular, calcaneaus, cuboid
Proximal interphalangeal PIP Joint between:
proximal and middle phalanges
Subtalar Joint between: (talocalacneal joint) Structure & Function?
synovial, Bicondylar frontal plane, inversion eversion
Subtalar Joint between: (aka talocalacneal joint)
talus and calcaneus
Tarsometatarsal joints TMT Joint between:
tarsals & metatarsals
distal tibia's fibular notch
tibia/fibula articulate
Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints • Much variation joint to joint -person to person
toes 2-5 flexes 0 degrees of extension to 35 degrees of flexion
Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints • Much variation joint to joint -person to person
toes 2-5 flexes 60 degrees & extend 30 degrees
tibia's medial malleolus
wraps around talus prevents movement in frontal plane
