2-Ankle and Foot Joints

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Ankle joint (talocrural joint)

- 50 degrees of plantar flexion - 15 to 20 degrees of dorsiflexion - Greater range of dorsiflexion with knee flexed (reduces gastrocnemius tension) - Fibula rotates 3 to 5 degrees externally with ankle dorsiflexion & 3 to 5 degrees internally during plantarflexion - Syndesmosis joint widens by 1 to 2 millimeters during full dorsiflexion

Subtalar & transverse tarsal joints (Intertarsal) gliding or arthrodial unixial, Inversion & eversion

- Combined movement of • 20 to 30 degrees of inversion • 5 to 15 degrees of eversion • Intertarsal & tarsometatarsal joints - Arthrodial - Minimal movement

Metatarsophalangeal joints-Great Toe

Synovial, Condyloid (MP) joint flexes 45 degrees & extends 70 degrees

MP joints 2-5 toe joint

Synovial, Condyloid • 40 degrees of flexion • 40 degrees of extension • abduct & adduct minimally

Metatarso phalangeal joint MTP (middle) Structure & Function?

Synovial, Condyloid Diarthrotic, biaxial flex/ext, abd/add, circum of great toe (hallux)

Distal Interphalangeal joint DIP

Synovial, Hinge Flex/ext/hyperextension in the sagittal plane

Talocrural joint Structure & Function?

Synovial, hinge Diarthrotic, uniaxial dorsiflexion plantarflexion,

Proximal interphalangeal PIP Structure & Function?

Synovial, hinge Flexion / Extension - Sagittal

Tarsometatarsal joints TMT Structure & Function?

Synovial, plane Diarthrotic, gliding metatarsals

Intertarsal Joint (aka transverse tarsal) Structure & Function?

Synovial, plane Diarthrotic, gliding-inversion & eversion

Talocrural joint Joint between:

Talus, distal tibia, & distal fibula

distal Tibiofibular joint Structure & Function?

fibrous, syndesmosis Synarthrotic, slight "give" during dosiflex

Great toe interphalangeal (IP) joint • Much variation joint to joint -person to person

flexes from 0 degrees of full extension to 90 degrees of flexion

Subtalar & transverse tarsal joints (Intertarsal) gliding or arthrodial unixial, Inversion & eversion

gliding or arthrodial uniaxial, Inversion & eversion

fibula's lateral malleolus

lateral ankle bulge Articulates with talus

Distal Interphalangeal joint DIP Joint between

medial and distal phalange

Metatarso phalangeal joint MTP Joint between (middle)

metatarsal & proximal phalanges

Intertarsal Joint(S) between: (aka transverse tarsal)

navicular, calcaneaus, cuboid

Proximal interphalangeal PIP Joint between:

proximal and middle phalanges

Subtalar Joint between: (talocalacneal joint) Structure & Function?

synovial, Bicondylar frontal plane, inversion eversion

Subtalar Joint between: (aka talocalacneal joint)

talus and calcaneus

Tarsometatarsal joints TMT Joint between:

tarsals & metatarsals

distal tibia's fibular notch

tibia/fibula articulate

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints • Much variation joint to joint -person to person

toes 2-5 flexes 0 degrees of extension to 35 degrees of flexion

Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints • Much variation joint to joint -person to person

toes 2-5 flexes 60 degrees & extend 30 degrees

tibia's medial malleolus

wraps around talus prevents movement in frontal plane


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