360 self assessments
Which of the following is a concise declarative statement to be answered during the investigation of a research problem?
Research Hypothesis
How should a review of qualitative studies literature differ from quantitative studies literature?
Review of qualitative studies literature is not often conducted until after the study is conducted.
Researchers publish _____________ of research to identify, analyze, and synthesize results from independent quantitative studies to determine the current knowledge of a particular event situation, or problem in practice.
systematic reviews
The researcher can accurately determine the effect of an independent variable on the dependent variable by controlling
the extraneous variable
A researcher is looking at the financial management of a health care system. What specific aspect of quality heath care would this address?
Structure of care
Which statement best describes sampling?
The process of selecting a subset of the population to represent the total population.
Why are semi-structured interviews preferable to questionnaires in qualitative research studies?
The quality of data is often higher.
What is an essential element to a thorough and relevant literature review?
Evaluation of primary resources
A researcher examining causality should use which powerful design idea?
Experimental
The ethical principle that human subjects should be treated fairly and should not be denied a benefit to which the subject is entitled is known as
Justice
Identify the dependent variable in the following example: "People who report more frequent or more recent dental prophylaxis are more likely to have better glycemic control."??? what???
Likely to have
What is the most stable measure of central tendency?
Mean
Which effect explains participants dropping out during a research study?
Mortality effect
Which level of measurement does the scale represent? (1) Less than $10,000 (2) $10,001 - $25,000 (3) $25,001 - $40,000 (4) Greater than $40,000
Ordinal
What type of design is represented by the diagram? O1 T O2 O1 O2
Pretest-post test control group design
What is used to determine how much of a chance there is of something to happen?
Probability
Which qualitative study allows researchers to select the subjects based on who they are and what they know about a specific phenomenon?
Purposive sampling
Which non-probability sampling method is most likely to produce a representative sample?
Quota
"Heparinized saline is no more effective than normal saline in maintaining the patency and comfort of a heparin lock" is an example of
casual, null hypothesis
Variables that are not recognized until the study is in process, or are recognized before the study is initiated but cannot be controlled, are referred to as
confounding variables
Which of the following steps are used to determine research article validity?
determining the applicability of the research evaluating the intent of the research evaluating the relevance of the research
Researchers apply scientific criteria to sample size, level of significance, and the relationships among variables from several studies into a combined single analysis through
meta-analysis
When we perform statistics, we are always testing for the ____ hypothesis and therefore results of any statistical procedures are always stated in regard to the _____ hypothesis.
null
The research method that describes experiences as they are lived is known as
phenomenology
A researcher conducting outcomes research is focusing on what component of patient care?
Evaluation
Which elements are found in every experimental study?
-Manipulation of the independent variable -Random assignment of subjects to groups -Random selection of subjects for the study
What is the overall value of developing evidence-based nursing practice?
Allowing the nurses to use the best available evidence, individual clinical expertise, and the patient values in making clinical decisions
What does external validity refer to?
Can the study results be generalized?
Which of the following questions relates to generalization?
Can these findings be applied to other groups or settings?
Persons with diminished autonomy require additional protection of their human rights because of their increased vulnerability to
Coercion and deception
Which of the following elements is characteristic of a theory?
Concepts
Why is it important to include conceptual definitions in a research report?
Conceptual definitions may differ in meaning of terms depending on the study framework.
What breach occurs when a researcher allows an unauthorized person access to raw data of a study by accident or direct action?
Confidentiality
Which design is used when a researcher examines the relationship between two or more variables?
Correlational
Which statement has the components of trustworthiness in the correct order?
Credibility, Dependability, Confirmability, Transferability, Authenticity
Which study collects data at a specific point in time?
Cross-sectional
Where should the nurse research expect to find the legal and ethical issues in a qualitative research article?
Data Collection Methods and Procedure
Which statement describes a primary source for a literature review?
Description of the study written by the researcher who conducted the study.
What is the research method based on symbolic interaction theory?
Grounded theory
The methodology of outcomes research makes use of all but which of the following?
Health policy
Confirmability
How agreeable are individuals assessing the data for accuracy and meaning
Transferability
How applicable are the results to other groups and situations
Which of the following questions should a reviewer ask when critiquing a study's framework?
How are concepts defined?
Credibility
How believable is the data
Authenticity
How closely and faithfully researchers describe the participants' experiences
Dependability
How stable is the data over time and in different situations
How can a novice nurse researcher recognize the difference in the research process and evidence-based research process?
In a research study, the question is tested with an appropriate design and methodology, whereas the evidence-based process uses the question to search for completed studies that can answer the question.
What process occurs when research subjects who volunteered to receive an experimental drug for AIDS are educated about the essential study information, assessed for understanding of this information, and asked to willingly participate in the research study?
Informed consent
History, maturation, testing, instrumentation, mortality, and selection bias are threats to which of the following?
Internal validity
Which of the following is an example of the best-worded research question?
Is there a link between teen pregnancy and abstinence-only sex education in female teenagers?
A researcher reports that results of a study were not statistically significant. How is this to be interpreted?
There is not enough evidence to allow the researcher to reject the null hypothesis.
How is correlation coefficient used in data collection tool development?
To determine reliability
What is the main purpose of a pilot study?
To determine the feasibility of the intervention that would be used in a larger study.
What is the purpose of a study?
To encompass the aim or goals the investigator hopes to achive
Why should descriptive statistics be reported in every study?
To show sample characteristics
Synthesis and review of the literature on a specific topic without statistical analysis is known as
integrative review
Read the P-I-C-O clinical question "In children presenting to the emergency department with acute long-bone fractures, is intranasal Fentanyl equivalent to intravenous Morphine for pain control?" Which statement from the clinical question represents the Intervention of Interest (I) in the sentence?
intranasal fentanyl
Which test statistic is calculated for Pearson product correlation?
r
Inferential statistics are used for testing hypotheses about differences between groups or relationship between variables. T or F
true