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Which of the following factors is most likely to make the people in an organization lose conviction that a change is necessary?

A past track record of success

Exploratory testing

An experiment performed to increase knowledge and investigate a possibility leads to an undesired result.

Inattention

An individual accidentally alters specifications.

Lack of ability

An individual doesn't have the skills, conditions, or training to perform a job.

Arrange the following stages of the McKinsey 5A model of change in the correct order.

Aspire Assess Architect act advance

Unfreezing

Changing attitudes by making people feel uncomfortable about the way things are because they could be improved, and so establishing the motive to change

Deviance

Choice An individual chooses to defy a recommended process or practice.

In the context of Stouten's evidence-based approach to change management, which of the following actions should a change manager take in the Diagnosis (1) step?

Collect facts regarding the nature of the problem.

Identify a true statement about Kurt Lewin's (1951) model of change.

Each stage of change requires different actions from change agents.

Which of the following can be accurately predicted using the PESTLE analysis?

Economic trends Demographic trends

Refreezing

Embedding or institutionalizing the new behaviors, to prevent people from drifting back to previous ways of doing things

_____ are those that just happen, or have to happen, in response to unforeseen events, such as the sudden opening of new market opportunities, or accidents and failures.

Emergent changes

Organizational change is most likely to succeed when there are a lot of policies and procedures set up.

False

True or false: Sustainability of change in an organization depends solely on what happens after implementation.

False

Arrange the following elements of the scale of change in the correct order as detailed by Stace and Dunphy (2001). Position 1 of 4 Incremental adjustment incorrect toggle button unavailable Incremental adjustment

Fine Increment Modular Corporate

Identify the questions that must be asked to assess an organization's receptiveness to change.

Has the first step of action been identified? Will the organization be able to learn and adapt? Is there a shared vision of the goal?

According to Stouten et al. (2018), in which of the following steps should a change manager implement evidence-based change interventions? Multiple choice question.

Identifying solutions

Driving forces

Increase in the number of customer complaints

According to the DICE model, what are the factors that determine if a change program will "fly or die"?

Integrity Commitment Duration Effort

Identify a true statement about scenario planning.

It encourages creative "blue skies" decision making.

Which of the following are true about the value of mapping the cultural web of an organization?

It questions traditional habits and norms. It highlights potential barriers to change.

Which of the following are the elements of the cultural web of an organization?

Rituals and routines The paradigm Stories Symbols

_____ involves the imaginative development of one or more likely pictures of the characteristics of potential futures for an organization, sometimes considering "best-case/worst-case" possibilities.

Scenario planning

Which of the following is true of the DICE model?

Scoring the DICE factors will determine if change is in the win zone, the worry zone, or the woe zone.

Based on the 7-S framework, identify the factors that influence organizational effectiveness.

Staff Systems Superordinate goals

According to the framework developed by Donald Hambrick and James Fredrickson (2001), which of the following are the mutually reinforcing elements of organization strategy?

Staging Differentiators Vehicles Economic logic Arenas

_____ is a phenomenon of adoption of inappropriate strategies that occurs when assumptions fail to reflect key elements of the business environment.

Strategic drift

Which of the following elements of the star model of organizational design forms the basis for making other design decisions? Multiple choice question.

Strategy

_____ is about the future, committing resources to activities based on premises, assumptions, and beliefs about an organization's environment, its mission, and the core competencies needed to accomplish that mission.

Strategy

Transformation

The ability to combine, convert, and recodify new knowledge

Acquisition

The ability to find and prioritize new ideas and knowledge quickly and efficiently

Assimilation

The ability to link new knowledge to existing knowledge

Exploitation

The ability to productively use new ideas

Identify the beliefs that underpin an individual's change readiness.

The belief that change is necessary The belief that the management will provide information and resources

According to Hughes (2010), which of the following are the three broad categories of reasons for resistance to change among employees? (Check all that apply.)

The content of the change The process of the change The uncertainty that develops around the change

Identify a true statement about process perspectives of change.

They advise people to focus on the wider context in which change is taking place.

Identify a characteristic of checklist approaches to change management.

They believe that the change process can be regulated by planning.

Which of the following statements are true of the stage models of change management?

They introduce a temporal dimension to change management. They can be used to complement the checklist approach to change management.

Which of the following is a criticism of the stage models of change management?

They offer "high level" guidance, leaving the change managers to determine how to apply that advice in a particular context.

Which of the following are the main purposes of force-field analysis?

To identify and prioritize the groundwork that may be required for implementation to occur To assess whether an organization is ready for a change initiative

Which of the following are dimensions of absorptive capacity?

Transformation Acquisition Exploitation Assimilation

True or false: Explicit models help identify interdependencies.

True

Beer et al. (1990) argue that most change programs do not work because they _____.

concentrate on attempts to change attitudes and beliefs by introducing new perspectives

Stage models of change management are criticized on the grounds of their _____.

disregard for past events that influence current attempts toward chang

The point of PESTLE analysis is to identify the _____.

environmental factors that affect an organization at present and in the future

The context factors of the change kaleidoscope can be neither constraints nor enablers.

false

According to Stace and Dunphy (2001), which of the following is a scale of change that involves refining procedures and policies at divisional or departmental levels in an organization?

fine-tuning

Incremental change differs from transformational change in that incremental change is:

gradual and small scale, whereas transformational change is radical and groundbreaking.

A true statement about the ADKAR change model is that _____.

it advices the change manager to concentrate on the individuals involved in and affected by the change

A true statement about John Kotter's eight-stage model of transformation change is that _____.

it is based on Lewin's model of change

An advantage of the tell style of change management is that _____. Multiple choice question.

management has full control of the change process

process theory

navigator

_____________ is anyone who is likely to be affected by an organizational change and who can directly or indirectly influence the outcomes.

stakeholder

In context of Donald Hambrick and James Fredrickson's framework that characterizes organization strategy, the current term associated with the question, "How will we achieve our mission?" is _____.

tactics

People find it easier to support changes when:

their interests are not threatened.

An accurate statement about checklist approaches to change management is that _____.

they are popular among management consultancies and professional bodies

A characteristic of stage models of change management is that _____.

they suggest that change managers will have to take different actions at different steps of the process

Structure

It refers to the formal organizational design.

Which of the following statements is true about the problems of sustaining change?

Sometimes sustaining change is more difficult than implementing the change.

Which of the following is the most likely negative consequence of excessive change in an organization?

Staff being asked to do too much

The image of change management that underpins the change management approaches associated with the work of large consulting companies is the _____ image.

director

change managment approach

director

which of the following is not one of the questions asked when performing gap analysis

how did we get here

according to rosebeth

problem solving

Multiple Choice QuestionYour Answer correct Management is most likely to have the highest degree of control over the change process if the _____ style of change management is used.

tell

Organizational change is most likely to be successful if _____.

the change begins with the employees whose work is most impacted by change

Process complexity

A process consisting of many elements breaks down when it faces novel interactions.

A contingency approach

Deals with managing resistance and selecting and using procedures that are appropriate to the context

Which of the following are remedial actions that can be taken when an organization's receptiveness to change is low?

Developing change management capabilities across the organization Developing learning organization capabilities Providing adequate resources to support change

Product innovation

Developing new goods or services

Restraining forces

Difficulty in recruiting competent staff

Structure

How do we divide all the work?

Moving

Implementing the change to move to the desired new state

Strategy

It concerns how an organization plans to respond to the changes in its external environment.

Which of the following is true of gap analysis?

It is flexible with regard to timescale and focus.

_________________is an environmental scanning tool, which provides a structured method for organizing and understanding complex trends and developments across the political, economic, social, technological, legal, and ecological factors that can affect an organization. (Enter one word.)

PESTLE

According to Warner Burke (2013), which of the following are ways in which explicit models are useful?

They help highlight priorities. They help simplify multivariate situations.

According to Gardini et al. (2011), change is most likely to be successful if _____.

a comprehensive procedure with specific and meaningful goals is designed for the change

According to Woodrow and Guest (2020) and Coyle-Shapiro and Shore (2007), an employee's understanding of the nature of the reciprocal relationship that he or she has with the employer is called _____.

a psychological contract

According to Warner Burke which of the following is a way in which organizational models can be useful

by helping to prioritize the issues that need most attention

according to warner burke which of the following is not a way in which organizational models can be useful

by predicting the magnitude of change

change theorists

contignecy

Which of the following guidelines for managing performance relates to the aspire stage of McKinsey's 5A model of change?

creating a long-term plan for change

unlike traditional

include ongoing training

According to the arguments by Reger and colleagues (1994), members of an organization understand change proposals _____. Multiple choice question.

through the mental models that they have

Identify the practical issues highlighted by a simple assessment of organizational receptiveness to change.

Actions must be taken to strengthen the conditions when receptiveness is low. Some conditions are likely to improve simply by waiting.

Leadership

Does somebody keep the other five boxes in check?

What are the main elements of the ADKAR change model?

Knowledge Ability Desire Reinforcement Awareness

Which of the following statements is true about resistance?

Resistance stimulates strong emotions and language among individuals.

Identify a true statement about redesigning a reward system for sustainability.

Rewards should include public recognition of behaviors that are consistent with the expected change.

Which of the following are factors of the six-box organizational model? (Check all that apply.)

Structure Rewards Purposes

Identify the four frames of Lee Bolman and Terry Deal's four-frame model of organizational change.

The symbolic frame The political frame The structural frame The human resource frame

Purposes

Which business are we in?

seven c

capturing learning

According to managers, which of the following is a reason for the failure of organizational change?

diverting resources and everyone's attention away from the change

The problem of sustaining change, or refreezing, in an organization is that it _____.

is less well understood

In the context of change management, _____ are most likely to argue that one has to comprehend how the substance, context, and process interact over time to produce desired outcomes in order to understand organizational change.

process perspectives

developed the awareness

prosci

Hypothesis testing

An experiment performed to prove that an idea or a design will succeed fails.

Rank the following stages of John Kotter's model of transformation change in the correct order.

Establish Form Create Communicate Enpower Plan Consolodate Institution

In context of the factors that influence individual change readiness, which of the following factors do external pressures include?

Industry changes Professional group memberships Technology changes New regulations

Skills

It concerns an organization's dominant capabilities and attributes that distinguish it from competitors.

Identify an accurate statement about the director image of change management.

People who use this approach follow a practical, managerialist approach to achieve change.

What are the major factors of The Hope Hailey - Balogun Change Kaleidoscope?

Power of the manager Time Readiness of staff Capacity Scope Capability

The term _______ ________ organizational culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, and norms that influence the way employees feel, think, and act toward others in an organization.

organizational culture

Active resistance

Can take place when change is perceived to be in direct conflict with main aspects of the organizational identity

Identify the conditions for changing mindsets at level three of organizational change as described by Emily Lawson and Colin Price. (Check all that apply.)

Employees should see people they value model the change actively. Employees should have adequate skills to be able to practice the new behavior. Reward and recognition systems should be aligned with the new behavior.

The term ________is used to mean the adoption of any product, system, process, program, service, or business model new to an organization.

Innovation

Identify the true statements about first-order change.

It implies a degree of control.; It is adaptive.

Style

It refers to the patterns of management actions.

The structural frame

It relates to organizing teams and groups.

True or false: The perceptions of those who are involved in a proposed change determine their responses to change, not others' perceptions. True false question.

True

According to Oreg (2003), what are the components of resistance to change in an organization?

Cognitive Emotional Behavioral

Middle managers in an organization are unlikely to try to block or undermine senior management directives if they believe that those proposals will not work well.

False

True or false: According to Sandy Piderit (2000), resistance to change in an organization is unidimensional. True false question.

False

True or false: As per the contingency approach to managing resistance to change in an organization developed by John Kotter and Leo Schlesinger (2008), a change manager should move slowly with a change when he or she has more power in the organization than the resistors.

False

Identify the organizational metaphors associated with the symbolic frame of the four-frame model of organizational change.

Theatre Carnival Temple

True or false: A change manager in an organization should be sensitive to how people feel about change, how they think about it, and what they want to do about it.

True

Which of the following are the questions that are asked in a gap analysis? (Check all that apply.)

What do we need to do in order to get where we want to? Where are we now? Where do we want to get to?

Identify a situation in which change is most unlikely to be challenged. Multiple choice question.

When people who are going to be affected think that they will benefit from the change

Based on the studies by Kunze et al. (2013) about resistance to change, evidence shows that resistance to change _____. Multiple choice question.

reduces with one's age

In the context of the star model of organizational design, _____ refers to the formal authority relationships and grouping of activities, as depicted on an organization chart.

structure

Operational innovation

Finding new ways to organize, lead, motivate, work, and manage

Networking

Choice Attending social events and conferences to pick up different ideas

An attraction strategy

Choice Deals with overcoming or avoiding resistance before it occurs

Associating

Choice Drawing ideas from different, unrelated fields

Early adopters

Choice Opinion leaders who evaluate ideas carefully and aid in adapting new ideas to local environment

A "let nature take its course" strategy

Choice Refers to letting people who will be impacted by change to recognize and to adjust to the implications in their own time

_____ are those that are implemented in anticipation of, or in response to, known trends and developments.

Planned changes

Which of the following are factors of the six-box organizational model? (Check all that apply.)

Purposes Rewards Structure

What are the characteristics of people who have high dispositional resistance toward change?

They are less likely to welcome the change. They are more likely to object when the change is imposed.

Which of the following are characteristics of social media? Multiple select question.

They encourage collaboration and allow users to develop new connections. They are "low friction" methods that are attractive and easy to use.

The application of Elizabeth Kübler-Ross's (1969) work to change management in an organization is based on the assumption that _____.

major organizational and career changes can be very traumatic for at least some people

According to Foote (2001), _____ is one of the nastiest, most debilitating workplace cancers; it is the most potent, paradoxical, and equal-opportunity killer of progress and good intentions.

resistance

Which of the following reasons is NOT cited in the text as a cause of resistance that a change manager will have to diagnose before taking action?

Belief that the proposed changes are appropriate

Passive resistance

Can take place when the meaning and purpose of the change have not been clarified

Which of the following is true of individual disposition toward change according to Oreg (2003; 2006)? Multiple choice question.

It is difficult to predict one's reaction to change based on past responses to change.

According to the work of Wooldridge and Floyd, what are the effects of middle management's involvement in shaping an organization's strategy?

It leads to improved implementation. It results in better decisions.

The symbolic frame

It relates to how an organization develops a culture that gives purpose and meaning to work.

The human resource frame

It relates to how an organization is tailored to build teamwork and satisfy people's needs.

The political frame

It relates to how coalitions are formed and how conflict and power are dealt with.

What are the effects of too much change in an organization on employees?

It results in burnout. It creates initiative fatigue.

According to Ann Cunliffe, which of the following are the true statements about organizational culture? (Check all that apply.)

It shapes the image of an organization. It provides the vision and direction for a company.

Which of the following are the effects of resistance to change on an individual in an organization?

Loss of job Reduced performance

Identify the two dimensions in the contingency approach developed by John Kotter and Leo Schlesinger (2008) to managing resistance to change in an organization. (Check all that apply.)

Management strategies Speed of the change

According to Oreg (2003; 2006), what are the factors that have a positive influence on the dispositions toward change in an organization?

Presence of trust in management among employees Receiving the right amount of information

It leads to improved implementation. It results in better decisions.

resistance to change is likely to be covert

Which of the following statements is true of resistance to change?

Resistance has emotional, cognitive, and behavioral components.

Identify an example that is associated with the level of change that involves achieving an outcome without altering working practices of an organization. Multiple choice question.

Selling noncore assets of the organization

Based on the 7-S framework, identify the factors that influence organizational effectiveness. (Check all that apply.)

Systems Superordinate goals Staff

True or false: Change managers find it easier to convince members of an organization of the benefits of disruptive innovations than sustaining innovations

False

True or false: In an organization, a change manager's work is less straightforward if there is widespread belief across the organization that change is needed.

False

True or false: Lack of support for change in an organization is solely due to overt resistance or apathy.

False

When past experience of change has been bad, optimism and acceptance are default responses to fresh initiatives.

False

Which of the following situations depict a breach or violation of a psychological contract between an employee and an employer?

When the employee thinks that the employer is not valuing the employee's side of the deal

When do people find it easy to support changes in an organization?

When their interests are not jeopardized

Based on the work of Paul Plsek and Charles Kilo (1999), resistance to change in an organization is _____.

an attraction to attributes of the current system

Individual reactions to change typically involve working through a series of natural psychological stages. This progression is known as the _____; models of this process are often based on the work of Elizabeth Kübler-Ross (1969).

coping cycle

Beltip Corp. was forced to shut its operations in a country due to the outbreak of a civil war in that country. The change in operations experienced by Beltip is most accurately termed as a(n) _____.

emergent change

HomeCare Corp. is a manufacturer of household utilities. A recent fire at one of its production units caused HomeCare to reduce its production. This change in production is known as a(n) _____.

emergent change

A characteristic of employees in an organization who suffer from initiative fatigue as a result of too much change is that they are likely to _____. Multiple choice question.

feel overworked and under stress

People in an organization react negatively to change when they _____.

feel that there is no requirement for it

According to Paul Plsek and Charles Kilo (1999), change in an organization _____.

is more about creating attraction than resistance

Cynicism among employees who resist change in an organization is difficult to deal with because it _____. Multiple choice question.

is usually coupled with strong emotions like anger, resentment, and disillusionment

Identify a disadvantage of gap analysis.

It often suggests a felt need for deep, transformational change.

Arrange, in the order of occurrence, the steps in the pattern of the adoption of innovation as observed by Everett Rogers. Place the first step at the top. Position 1 of 3 A small number of people adopt the idea. correct toggle button unavailable A small number of people adopt the idea.

1. A small number of people adopt the idea 2. A critical mass of adopters adopt the idea 3. A saturation is reached

----- ----- s defined as any changes that involve the use of tools characterized by computerized technologies, such as automating manual processes, improving methods to track work with computerized tools, or expanding the functionality of computerized customer interfaces.

Blank 1: Digital Blank 2: transformation

--- --- ---involves a specific strategy that resolves a problem and makes enhancements in ways that do not present a challenge to current thinking and methods. (Enter one word in each blank

Blank 1: First Blank 2: order Blank 3: change

In the context of managing change effective, Unavailable strategies strategies , ____ ____ , involve utilizing approaches that can overcome resistance before it develops by finding new and unique aspects of changes that the recipients would be drawn to.

Blank 1: attraction Blank 2: strategies or strategy

____ ____ is described as an environment in which online activity can be interactive influencing actions, solving problems, innovating, and creating new types of organizations that are not controlled by traditional boundaries.

Blank 1: social Blank 2: matrix

How can the uncertainty about change be reduced, and support strengthened, among people in an organization?

By defining the actions that are expected of people involved in the change By clarifying the strategic intent of the change

Innovators

Choice The first in the group to adopt new behaviors and approaches

Laggards

Choice Those who are viewed negatively by others and are the last to adopt new approaches

Late majority

Choice Those who wait for most of their colleagues to adopt new approaches first and are more risk averse and skeptical than them

Observing

Choice Watching the behavior of customers, competitors, and suppliers

Rewards

Do all the tasks performed have incentives?

Which of the following is a core capability for implementing digital transformations in organizations according to Lindsay et al. (2018)?

Establishing clear accountability for implementation